Application of Super Absorbent Polymers (SAP) in Concrete Construction: State-of-the-Art Report Prepared by Technical Committee 225-SAP

170 Pages·2012·5.02 MB·English

by  Viktor Mechtcherine (auth.)

Application of Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP)
in Concrete Construction
RILEM STATE-OF-THE-ART REPORTS
Volume 2
RILEM, The International Union of Laboratories and Experts in Construction
Materials, Systems and Structures, founded in 1947, is a non-governmental scientifi c
association whose goal is to contribute to progress in the construction sciences,
techniques and industries, essentially by means of the communication it fosters
between research and practice. RILEM’s focus is on construction materials and their
use in building and civil engineering structures, covering all phases of the building
process from manufacture to use and recycling of materials. More information on
RILEM and its previous publications can be found on www.RILEM.net.
The RILEM State-of-the-Art Reports (STAR) are produced by the Technical
Committees. They represent one of the most important outputs that RILEM
generates – high level scientifi c and engineering reports that provide cutting edge
knowledge in a given fi eld. The work of the TCs is one of RILEM’s key functions.
Members of a TC are experts in their fi eld and give their time freely to share
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RILEM’s stated objective is to disseminate this information as widely as possible
to the scientifi c community. RILEM therefore considers the STAR reports of its
TCs as of highest importance, and encourages their publication whenever possible.
The information in this and similar reports is mostly pre-normative in the sense
that it provides the underlying scientifi c fundamentals on which standards and codes
of practice are based. Without such a solid scientifi c basis, construction practice
will be less than effi cient or economical.
It is RILEM’s hope that this information will be of wide use to the scientifi c
community.
For further volumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/8780
Viktor Mechtcherine • Hans-Wolf Reinhardt
Editors
Application of Superabsorbent
Polymers (SAP) in Concrete
Construction
State of the Art Report Prepared
by Technical Committee 225-SAP
Editors
Viktor Mechtcherine Hans-Wolf Reinhardt
Faculty of Civil Engineering Faculty of Construction
Institute of Construction Materials and Environmental Engineering Sciences
Technische Universität Dresden Department of Construction Materials
01062 Dresden University of Stuttgart
Germany 70569 Stuttgart
[email protected] Germany
[email protected]
ISBN 978-94-007-2732-8 e-ISBN 978-94-007-2733-5
DOI 10.1007/978-94-007-2733-5
Springer Dordrecht Heidelberg London New York
Library of Congress Control Number: 2011944021
© RILEM 2012
No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any
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Springer is part of Springer Science+Business Media (www.springer.com)
Foreword
The increasing interest in the use of SAP as a concrete additive and the need for
intensive scientifi c exchange among research groups led in 2007 to the initiation of
the RILEM Technical Committee 225-SAP “Application of Superabsorbent
Polymers in Concrete Construction”. This committee brings together from different
countries around the world recognized researchers who are presently investigating
the mechanisms of SAP action in concrete materials and the possibilities and limi-
tations of using SAP as a set of solutions to various problems encountered by prac-
titioners in the fi eld. The committee had meetings in Delft, The Netherlands (May
2008), Ise-Shima, Japan (September 2008), Dresden, Germany (March 2009),
Haifa, Israel (September 2009), Aachen, Germany (September 2010) and Stuttgart,
Germany (July 2011).
The committee’s objective is to coordinate research efforts and compile the results
of studies with respect to the effects of SAP addition on the properties of concrete
in its fresh and hardened states. This State-of-the-Art Report is the main product of
the committee’s work. It summarizes the available information and knowledge in
the area and provides as well a solid basis and a good reference for further research.
Also, it is to serve as starting point for further activity of RILEM TC 225-SAP,
including a series of round-robin tests and the development of practical recommen-
dations for utilizing SAP in concrete construction.
Because this report is to provide a comprehensive yet easy-to-follow overview of
different aspects of the use of SAP as a concrete additive, it was decided to subdivide
the book into ten chapters, each covering particular area of interest. The presentational
sequence of the topics was chosen according to principles “from fundamentals to
applications” and “from fresh to hardened concrete”.
Each chapter had a chapter coordinator, who was also the fi rst author. Additionally,
the committee members who contributed signifi cantly to the shaping and writing
of the corresponding chapter are named as co-authors. The chapters’ contents were
discussed comprehensively and approved in committee meetings and by email
correspondence among the members. W. Brameshuber, D. Cusson, K. Kovler,
v
vi Foreword
V. Mechtcherine and H.-W. Reinhardt reviewed the individual chapters for their
content. The last two persons carried out the editorial work. J. Weiss proofread the
entire manuscript with respect to its editorial correctness.
Dresden Viktor Mechtcherine
Contents
1 Introduction ............................................................................................. 1
Viktor Mechtcherine
2 Terminology ............................................................................................. 7
Hans-Wolf Reinhardt, Daniel Cusson,
and Viktor Mechtcherine
3 Superabsorbent Polymers (SAP) ........................................................... 13
Stefan Friedrich
4 Kinetics of Water Migration in Cement-Based
Systems Containing Superabsobent Polymers ..................................... 21
Pietro Lura, Karen Friedemann, Frank Stallmach,
Sven Mönnig, Mateusz Wyrzykowski, and Luis P. Esteves
5 Effect of Superabsorbent Polymers on
the Workability of Concrete and Mortar .............................................. 39
Romildo D. Toledo Filho, Eugenia F. Silva, Anne N.M. Lopes,
Viktor Mechtcherine, and Lukasz Dudziak
6 Hardening Process of Binder Paste and Microstructure
Development ............................................................................................ 51
Guang Ye, Klaas van Breugel, Pietro Lura,
and Viktor Mechtcherine
7 Effects of Superabsorbent Polymers on Shrinkage
of Concrete: Plastic, Autogenous, Drying ............................................. 63
Viktor Mechtcherine and Lukasz Dudziak
8 Effect of Superabsorbent Polymers
on the Mechanical Properties of Concrete ............................................ 99
Konstantin Kovler
vii
viii Contents
9 Effect of Superabsorbent Polymers
on Durability of Concrete ....................................................................... 115
Hans-Wolf Reinhardt and Alexander Assmann
10 Practical Applications of Superabsorbent
Polymers in Concrete and other Building Materials ........................... 137
Daniel Cusson, Viktor Mechtcherine, and Pietro Lura
Index ................................................................................................................. 149
RILEM Publications ....................................................................................... 153
RILEM Publications published by Springer ................................................ 163
Acknowledgement
Prepared by: RILEM TC 225-SAP
Chairman: MECHTCHERINE, Viktor, Germany
Secretary: REINHARDT, Hans-Wolf, Germany
Members: ASSMANN, Alexander, Germany
BAROGHEL-BOUNY, Véronique, France
BETTENCOURT RIBEIRO, António, Portugal
BRAMESHUBER, Wolfgang, Germany
CUSSON, Daniel, Canada
DE BELIE, Nele, Belgium
DE LA VARGA, Igor, USA
DUDZIAK, Lukasz, Germany
DURÁN-HERRERA, Alejandro, Mexico
ESTEVES, Luis P., Portugal
FONSECA DA SILVA, Eugênia, Brazil
FRIEDEMANN, Karen, Germany
FRIEDRICH, Stefan, Germany
HASHOLT, Marianne, Denmark
ICHIMIYA, Kazuo, Japan
IGARASHI, Shin-ichi, Japan
JENSEN, Ole Mejlhede, Denmark
KLEMM, Agnieszka J., United Kingdom
KOENDERS, Eddie A. B., The Netherlands
KOVLER, Konstantin, Israel
LAUSTEN, Sara, Denmark
LURA, Pietro, Switzerland
MIHASHI, Hirozo, Japan
MÖNNIG, Sven, Germany
RIEDER, Klaus-Alexander, Germany
STALLMACH, Frank, Germany
ix