APPENDIX 3 Map of Nauru

129 Pages·2010·4.05 MB·English

MAP OF NAURU
Flat
Plateau
(Source : http://www.worldatlas.com, modified by the Study Team)
List of Acronyms
A$ Australian Dollars
ADB Asian Development Bank
AMU Aid Management Unit
AusAID Australian Agency for International Development
BON Bank of Nauru
DCIE Department of Commerce, Industry and the Environment
DNWP Draft National Water Plan
DOF Department of Finance
DOH Department of Health
DPPD Development Planning and Policy Division
EDF European Development Fund
EHC Eigigu Holdings Corporation
EIA Environment Impact Assessment
EU European Union
GDP Gross Domestic Product
GNI Gross National Income
GON Government of Nauru
IWRM Integrated Water Resource Management
JICA Japan International Cooperation Agency
MDGs Millennium Development Goals
MCIE Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Environment
MFSD Ministry of Finance and Sustainable Development
NSDS National Sustainable Development Strategy
NPC Nauru Phosphate Corporation
NRC Nauru Rehabilitation Corporation
PD Partnership for Development
RO Reverse Osmosis
RONPHOS Republic of Nauru Phosphate Corporation
SOE(s) State-Owned Enterprise(s)
SOPAC Pacific Island Applied Geoscience Commission
SS Suspended Solids
TDS Total Dissolved Solids
UNDP United Nation Development Programme
WHO World Health Organisation

(Remarks) All currencies quoted are in Australian Dollars unless otherwise indicated.
Table of Contents

Location Map
List of Acronyms

Page
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1) Background and Objectives of the Study...................................................................................ES-1
2) Current Situation of Water Supply in Nauru..............................................................................ES-2
3) Outline of the Future Project......................................................................................................ES-3
4) Conclusion and Recommendation..............................................................................................ES-4

CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study.....................................................................................................1-1
1.2 Objective of the Study.........................................................................................................1-2
1.3 Member of the Study Team.................................................................................................1-3
1.4 Schedule of the Study..........................................................................................................1-3
1.5 List of Interviewees..............................................................................................................1-6

CHAPTER 2 CURRENT SITUATION OF WATER SUPPLY IN NAURU
2.1 Outline of the Republic of Nauru.........................................................................................2-1
2.1.1 Geography and Environment...............................................................................................2-1
2.1.2 Population............................................................................................................................2-1
2.1.3 Economy..............................................................................................................................2-2
2.1.4 National Budget...................................................................................................................2-3
2.1.5 Exports and Imports.............................................................................................................2-6
2.1.6 Labour Force, Employment and Wages...............................................................................2-7
2.1.7 Finance.................................................................................................................................2-7
2.1.8 Political Organisation...........................................................................................................2-8
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2.2 Current Situation of Water Supply in Nauru........................................................................2-13
2.2.1 National Plan of Water Supply in Nauru.............................................................................2-13
2.2.2 Current Situation of the Existing Water Resources and Water situation.............................2-18
2.2.3 Current Situation of the Existing Water Supply Facilities...................................................2-27
2.2.4 Current Situation of the Sanitation Facilities.......................................................................2-36
2.3 Institution and Management of Water Supply.....................................................................2-38
2.3.1 Department of Commerce, Industry and Environment (DCIE)...........................................2-39
2.3.2 Nauru Utilities Authority (NUA).........................................................................................2-40
2.3.3 Nauru Rehabilitation Corporation (NRC)............................................................................2-41
2.3.4 Eigigu Holdings Corporation (EHC)...................................................................................2-42
2.3.5 Other Water Supply - Related Agencies, Organisations and SOEs.....................................2-42
2.4 Major Donors’ Activities.....................................................................................................2-43
2.4.1 Bilateral Donors / AusAID (Australia)................................................................................2-43
2.4.2 Republic of China (Taiwan).................................................................................................2-44
2.4.3 Italy......................................................................................................................................2-44
2.4.4 Japan....................................................................................................................................2-45
2.4.5 Other Bilateral Donors.........................................................................................................2-45
2.4.6 Multilateral Donors / European Union (EU)........................................................................2-45
2.4.7 Asian Development Bank (ADB)........................................................................................2-46
2.4.8 Pacific Island Applied Geoscience Commission (SOPAC).................................................2-46
2.4.9 Other Multilateral Donors....................................................................................................2-46

CHAPTER 3 OUTLINE OF THE PROPOSED FUTURE PROJECTS
3.1 Establishment of Water Supply and Sanitation Agency......................................................3-1
3.2 Water Supply Projects..........................................................................................................3-2
3.2.1 Water Demand Forecast.......................................................................................................3-2
3.2.2 Choices of Water Sources....................................................................................................3-5
3.2.3 Plan for Water Supply Facilities..........................................................................................3-6
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3.2.4 Cost Estimate.......................................................................................................................3-18
3.2.4 Environmental Issues...........................................................................................................3-19
3.3 Sewerage Projects................................................................................................................3-19
3.4 Environmental and Social Consideration.............................................................................3-21

CHAPTER 4 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
4.1 Conclusion...........................................................................................................................4-1
4.2 Recommendation.................................................................................................................4-2
4.2.1 Institutional Aspects.............................................................................................................4-2
4.2.2 Technical Aspects................................................................................................................4-3
4.3 Application (Draft) for Japan’s Technical Assistance.........................................................4-5

ANNEX 1 Pictures

ANNEX 2 Application Form for Japanese Technical Cooperation

(和文要約)
1) 調査の背景と目的..............................................................................................................要約-1
2) ナウルの上水道の現状......................................................................................................要約-2
3) 将来計画の概要..................................................................................................................要約-3
4) 結論と提言.........................................................................................................................要約-4

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List of Figures and Tables
Table 1-1 Member List of the Study Team--------------------------------------------1-3
Table 1-2 Schedule of the Study (1st Survey) ----------------------------------------1-4
Table 1-3 Schedule of the Study (2nd Survey) ---------------------------------------1-5

Table 2-1 Population Projections-------------------------------------------------------2-2
Table 2-2 Composition of Nauru’s GDP ----------------------------------------------2-3
Figure 2-1 Composition of Total Revenue (2009-10) --------------------------------2-4
Table 2-3 Donor Revenue Measures---------------------------------------------------2-4
Figure 2-2 Composition of Domestic Expenses (2009-10) --------------------------2-5
Table 2-4 Budget Aggregate------------------------------------------------------------2-6
Figure 2-3 Nauru’s Trade Balance with Australia (2000-2007)---------------------2-7
Figure 2-4 Structure of Cabinet Minister-----------------------------------------------2-9
Figure 2-5 Organisational Chart of Government of Nauru---------------------------2-10
Table 2-5 Comparison of Socio-Economic Data with Nauru’s Neighbouring
Countries ----------------------------------------------------------------------2-12
Figure 2-6 Policy Development and Implementation Framework ------------------2-14
Figure 2-7 Basic Concept of the NSDS-------------------------------------------------2-15
Table 2-6 Strategies and Terminal Milestones in Water Sector (NSDS 2009)---2-17
Figure 2-8 Components of Water Resources in Nauru -------------------------------2-18
Table 2-7 Monthly Rainfall Records (1915 to 2006) --------------------------------2-20
Figure 2-9 Salinity of Groundwater-----------------------------------------------------2-22
Table 2-8 Water Quality Standard (WHO, USA, EU and Japan) ------------------2-24
Table 2-9 Accessibility to Drinking Water--------------------------------------------2-25
Table 2-10 Water Delivery Method------------------------------------------------------2-25
Table 2-11 Main Source of Drinking Water--------------------------------------------2-25
Figure 2-10 DOW SW30HR-380 (DOW catalogue)-----------------------------------2-28
Figure 2-11 Desalination unit with RO process (1/2) ----------------------------------2-29
Figure 2-12 Desalination unit with RO process (2/2) ----------------------------------2-30
Figure 2-13 Basic flow of RO system at Mennen hotel--------------------------------2-31
Figure 2-14 Flow Diagram of Water Supply in Nauru---------------------------------2-33
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Table 2-12 Number and Delivery Capacity of Water Tanker Truck ----------------2-35
Table 2-13 Number of Cistern by Size--------------------------------------------------2-36
Figure 2-15 Organisation of Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Environment --2-39
Figure 2-16 Organisation of Nauru Utilities Authority --------------------------------2-41

Figure 3-1 Proposed Water Supply and Sanitation Agency--------------------------3-2
Figure 3-2 Population Forecast----------------------------------------------------------3-3
Table 3-1 Nauru Economic Indications (2004 to 2008)-----------------------------3-4
Figure 3-3 Relationship between GDP and Water Consumption per Capita-------3-5
Table 3-2 Water Consumption----------------------------------------------------------3-5
Table 3-3 Production Capacity of Existing Water Resources ---------------------3-6
Table 3-4 Water Resources Enhancement---------------------------------------------3-7
Figure 3-4 Proportion by Types of Desalination Method ----------------------------3-8
Figure 3-5 Membrane type and its application-----------------------------------------3-8
Figure 3-6 Basic Flow of the Desalination System------------------------------------3-9
Figure 3-7 Image of RO System (Typical Diagram for 270m³/day)----------------3-11
Figure 3-8 Image of RO System (Standard Type: Production Capacity –
300m³/day) -------------------------------------------------------------------3-12
Figure 3-9 Image of RO System (Container Type: Production Capacity –
100m³/day)--------------------------------------------------------------------3-13
Figure 3-10 Expected Material Balance for 300m³/day RO---------------------------3-14
Figure 3-11 Expected Water Quality and Balance--------------------------------------3-15
Table 3-5 Specification of RO Membrane Lement-----------------------------------3-16
Figure 3-12 Proposed Distribution Pipeline---------------------------------------------3-17
Table 3-6 Proposed Equipment List----------------------------------------------------3-18
Table 3-7 Estimated Facility Cost------------------------------------------------------3-18
Figure3-13 Brine from Desalination System -------------------------------------------3-19

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1) Background and Objectives of the Study
Republic of Nauru (hereinafter referred as “Nauru”) is an isolated island located in the dry
belt of the equatorial oceanic area in the western Pacific Ocean, with the population of
approximately 10,000 people. At just 21 km², the country is the 3rd smallest country in the
world.

Nauru is a permeable island with no surface freshwater resources except a small lagoon
located in the south-western centre of the island and a few small brackish ponds surrounding the
escarpments. Due to the permeability, most of the groundwater resources in the island are also
brackish which can not be drinkable.

In rainy season, portable water is collected in rainwater tanks connected with the roofs of
domestic and commercial buildings. However, in the last decade, Nauru experiences severe
draughts associated with La Niña episodes. After all, Nauru is a shortage of stable natural
water resources to cover the entire population.

Under such circumstances, portable water in the island heavily depends on the two
desalination plants operated by the Nauru Utility Authority (NUA). However, the production
capacity of the two plants is not able to make up for the lack of water resources, and also the
production cost, which is much more higher than that of other water treatment methods such as
rapid filtration method, lays a financial burden on the concerned organisations.

In order to break out the status quo, the Government of Nauru plans to make a request to
the Government of Japan to provide a Japanese technical cooperation project which consists of
soft and hard components.

The main objectives of the Project Formation Study on Nauru Water Supply Improvement
Project are as follows;

(1) To confirm the current situation of water supply and sewerage systems
(2) To identify the sustainable and efficient water supply system
(3) To ascertain the possibility of the Japanese technical assistance project on water supply

ES-1