Apaches at war and peace: the Janos Presidio, 1750-1858

625 Pages·1998·1.79 MB·English

by  William B. Griffen

Apaches At War and Peace : The Janos
title:
Presidio, 1750-1858
author: Griffen, William B.
publisher: University of Oklahoma Press
isbn10 | asin: 0806130849
print isbn13: 9780806130842
ebook isbn13: 9780806170435
language: English
Apache Indians--Wars, Apache Indians--
History, Indians of North America--New
Mexico--Wars, Indians of North America--
subject New Mexico--History, Indians of Mexico--
Mexico--Chihuahua (State)--Wars, Indians
of Mexico--Mexico--Chihuahua (State)--
History, Janos (Mex
publication date: 1998
lcc: E99.A6G75 1998eb
ddc: 972/.16004972
Apache Indians--Wars, Apache Indians--
History, Indians of North America--New
Mexico--Wars, Indians of North America--
subject: New Mexico--History, Indians of Mexico--
Mexico--Chihuahua (State)--Wars, Indians
of Mexico--Mexico--Chihuahua (State)--
History, Janos (Mex
Page i
Apaches at War and Peace
The Janos Presidio 1750-1858
William B. Griffen
UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA PRESS
Norman
Page ii
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Griffen,William B.
Apaches at war and peace : the Janos Presidio, 1750-1858 / William
B. Griffen.
p. cm.
Originally published:Albuquerque : University of New Mexico,
c1988.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-8061-3084-9 (pbk. : alk. paper)
1. Apache IndiansWars. 2. Apache IndiansHistory. 3. Indians
of North AmericaNew MexicoWars. 4. Indians of North America
New MexicoHistory. 5. Indians of MexicoMexicoChihuahua
(State)Wars. 6. Indians of MexicoMexicoChihuahua (State)
History. I.Title.
[E99.A6G75 1998]
972'.16004972dC21 98-17265
CIP
The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and
durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book
Longevity of the Council on Library Resources, Inc.
Copyright © 1988 by William B. Griffen. Preface to the Paperback
Edition copyright © 1998 by William B. Griffen. All rights reserved.
Published by the University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, Publishing
Division of the University. Manufactured in the U.S.A. First printing of
the University of Oklahoma Press edition, 1998.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Page iii
In memory of
Edward H. Spicer
Page iv
Page v
CONTENTS
Preface to the Paperback Edition vii
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xvi
Part I
The Colonial Period
Chapter 1
Southern Apaches and Northern Mexico 1
Chapter 2
Apaches in Nueva Vizcaya, 1750S-1770s 19
Chapter 3
Apaches in Northern Nueva Vizcaya, 1776-1786 37
Chapter 4
The Beginning of Peace with Gileño Apaches 53
Chapter 5
Apaches at the Janos Presidio 69
Chapter 6
Apaches in the Janos District, 1800-1821 87
Chapter 7
The Apache Experience at Janos 99
Part II:
The Mexican Period
Chapter 8
Apaches in the Mexican Period 119
Chapter 9
Apaches at Santa Rita del Cobre 139
Chapter 10
Santa Rita and After 157
Chapter 11
Janos and Corralitos: The Beginning of a New Peace 185
Chapter 12
New Conflicts and the End of Peace 205
Chapter 13
Hostilities Persist:The 1850s 223
Page vi
Chapter 14
The Final Settlement of Apaches at Janos 247
Appendix 1
Number of Apaches Administered at Frontier Presidios 267
Appendix 2
The Administered Apache Population at Janos 269
Bibliography 273
Index 283
Maps
1. Northwest Mexico and Southwest United States iv
2. Apache Tribes and Comanches 2
3. Western and Southern Apache Tribes 3
4. Northwest Nueva Vizcaya Region ca. 1800 20
5. Part of the Janos Jurisdiction 21
Page vii
PREFACE TO THE PAPERBACK EDITION
Since Apaches at War and Peace first appeared, several other works
dealing with southern Apache groups before the Anglo-American
period have been published. First and foremost is Edwin Sweeney's
biography of the well-known Apache leader Cochise.
1 Sweeney also has a forthcoming book on the Apache leader Mangas
Coloradas.2 My own Utmost Good Faith pulls together, in a
preliminary fashion, data on the movements of Apaches in Chihuahua
and southern New Mexico with regard to their raids, battles, and
peaceful associations in a system of patterned contacts with outsiders
in the early Mexican period, prior to the arrival of Anglo-Americans.3
I also have published a short analysis of the Apache population
residing at Janos.4 Finally, there is the important contribution of José
Cortés's description of the northern frontier; this is a fine corollary
written three years after Cordero's well-known 1796 report, which,
despite its ethnocentrisms, adds to our understanding of the frontier at
the turn of the nineteenth century.5
In spite of these additions to research on the late colonial and early
Mexican periods of southern Apache ethnohistory, much remains to
be done, and fortunately there are many sources still unused or only
partially explored that can help. Many of these are on the local level,
and certainly they are too numerous to cite here. Archives in the states
of Chihuahua, Sonora, and Durango, many of which have been
microfilmed, will need careful perusal. Other sources, especially from
Mexico City and private collections, will no doubt yield invaluable
information.6