APA Documentation 2016

45 Pages·2011·4 MB·English

Walsh College Library

APA Documentation
2016
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Documentation: APA Style

Books
There are no definitive books on MLA and APA styles, although the first four works cited below are
considered official reference books on documentation. It would be more accurate to call them “works in
progress.” Students often find documentation difficult because of gaps in coverage, especially with
electronic resources; a student may not be able to find an appropriate example of a citation in any of the
reference books to exactly match his citation. Because of these gaps, writers often improvise their own
interpretations of documentation and thus create different versions. The books listed below will be the
most useful for help with documentation.

American Psychological Association. (2010). Publication manual of the American Psychological

Association (6th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

(REF BF 76.7 .P83 2010)

American Psychological Association. (2001). Publication manual of the American Psychological

Association (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.

(REF BF 76.7 .P83 2001)

American Psychological Association. (2007). APA Style Guide to Electronic Resources.

Washington, DC: Author. (Available online on the Library Portal under Research

Paper Help.)

American Psychological Association. (2010). Concise rules of APA style. Author:

Washington, DC. (REF BF 76.7 .C66 2010)

Lester, J. D., & Lester, J. D., Jr. (2010). Writing research papers: A complete guide

(13th ed.). New York, NY: Longman Publishing Group. (REF LB 2369 .L4

2010) on Reserve

Perrin, R. (2004). Pocket guide to APA style. New York, NY: Houghton Mifflin

Company. (REF BF 76.7 .P426 2004)

Internet Sites
A student should check with his/her instructor about the appropriate documentation style and method for
citing electronic resources. Handouts on documenting research papers are available upon request in the
library.

APA Style Citation Examples: Kim Reeves, Walsh College Library - Novi
http://www.walshcollege.edu/upload/docs/Library/libkimapa.pdf
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APA Citation Style Guidelines: 40 page guide from Cengage
http://www.cengage.com/resource_uploads/downloads/0495799661_216547.pdf
APA: Parenthetical Documentation and Bibliographic Form
http://ucblibraries.colorado.edu/how/citationstyle.htm?CFID=859817&CFTOKEN=32384715
APA: Electronic Reference Formats Recommended by the American Psychological Association
http://www.apastyle.org/elecref.html
Tutorials
APA Official Tutorial: Basics of APA Style
http://flash1r.apa.org/apastyle/basics/index.htm

What's New in the 6th Edition of APA
http://www.apastyle.org/learn/tutorials/brief-guide.aspx

APA Style: University of Maryland University College
http://www.umuc.edu/library/libhow/how_cite.cfm
APA Tutorial: Universities Libraries, University of Southern Mississippi
http://www.lib.usm.edu/legacy/tutorials/apatutorial/tutorialindex.html
APA In Text Citations

Owl Writing Lab: In Text Citations
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/02/
Common Business Citations in APA Format: Ann Fiegen of Cal State San Marcos
http://library.csusm.edu/subject_guides/business/apa_business.htm
ipl2: Citing Electronic Informtion
http://www.ipl.org/div/farq/netciteFARQ.html
DOI or Digital Object Identifiers: APA 6th Edition
The doi, digital object identifier, is a unique alphanumeric string assigned to an article or electronic book.
The publisher assigns a doi when an article or e-book is published and made available electronically. All
doi numbers begin with a 10 and contain a prefix and a suffix separated by a slash. You can use the doi of
an article in place of the phrase "Retrieved from _______ database. The doctoral students will most likely
be using the doi.
DOI or Digital Object Identifiers: APA 6th Edition
APA Explanation of Doi: Electronic Sources and Locator Information
http://www.apastyle.org/manual/related/electronic-sources.pdf
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What is a doi, or digital object identifier?
www.apastyle.org/learn/faqs/what-is-doi.aspx
University of Maryland: APA including DOI examples
http://www.umuc.edu/library/libhow/apa_examples.cfm
APA Style Reference Guide with Doi: Northern Michigan University
http://library.nmu.edu/guides/userguides/style_apa.htm
Free DOI Lookup at Crossref.org
http://www.crossref.org/guestquery/
DOI Resolver Tool to Verify a known DOI
http://www.crossref.org/05researchers/58doi_resolver.html
Tim McAdoo on YouTube has a tutorial: How to Find a Doi
Even though, only EBSCO and FirstSearch examples apply to us, the tutorial is still useful.
http://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2009/12/how-to-find-a-doi.html

Web Sites that Help You Generate Citations
Citation Machine
Provides a fill-in form to help you write citations from books and periodicals in APA style
http://citationmachine.net/
Knight Cite: Helps you generate citations in APA by entering information in boxes
http://www.calvin.edu/library/knightcite/
NoodleBib Express
Click on NoodleBib Express to generate citations in APA style and follow the guides directions. This link
is ree to users
http://www.noodletools.com
Plagiarism
Plagiarism.org
http://plagiarism.org/
Plagiarism: Extensive Bibliography
http://www.web-miner.com/plagiarism
Avoiding Plagiarism: OWL Online Writing Lab at Purdue University
https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/930/01/
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Consult the APA Documentation Research Guide for more information:
http://researchguides.walshcollege.edu/home.

Students are advised to check with their instructors about correct documentation.
NB 16
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APA 6th Edition : Information on DOI
The 6th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA) updated the guidelines
for citing electronic references. This was in response to keeping pace with the increase in electronic book and
journal publishing
There is some disagreement as to whether the new version actually simplifies the process for the student. One of the
new features is the addition of the doi. The doi, digital object identifier, is a unique alphanumeric string assigned to
an article or electronic book. The publisher assigns a doi when an article or e-book is published and made available
electronically. All doi numbers begin with a 10 and contain a prefix and a suffix separated by a slash. The prefix is a
unique number of four or more digits assigned to organizations; the suffix is assigned by the publisher and was
designed to be flexible with publisher identification standards.
When you furnish the doi, your readers can find the exact source you are referencing by pasting it into Google,the
Crossref Resolver Tool at http://www.crossref.org/05researchers/58doi_resolver.html, or the Doi Resolver on the
DOI Systems Page at http://www.doi.org/ (located at the bottom of the page).
 Where do you find the doi?
The doi is typically located on the abstract page of the electronic journal article. Sometimes, it can also be found at the top of the
first page of the journal’s pdf document. Not every database will provide the doi for an article. Scholarly articles will often
provide the doi. Newspapers, magazines, and trade publications are less likely to have the doi. It is a good idea to copy and
paste the doi to prevent errors. When you use the doi, do not include the retrieval date or the name of the database.
Doi is available

Abstract View: Screen shot from ProQuest ABI/Inform Complete

Use the document url if
your instructor requires a
url for the article; APA
DOI
guidelines do not require
it, however, for
subscription databases.

Example:
Jimenez-Jimenez, D., Valle, R. S., & Hernandez-Espallardo, M. (2008). Fostering innovation; the
role of market orientation and organizational learning. European Journal of Management, 11 (3), 389.
doi: 10.1108/14601060810889026
Note: Do not capitalize the word doi, and do not put a period at the end of the number.

When the Doi is not available:

In the next example from ProQuest, the doi is not available. Use the following format:
Retrieved from ProQuest ABI/Inform Complete database. Do not mention the date of retrieval.
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Abstract View: ProQuest ABI/Inform Complete Database: No doi is provided
Since the Doi is not given,
use the name of the
database
Use the document url if your
instructor requires a url for the article;
APA, however, does not require it for
subscription databases.

Example:
Flores, L. G., Catalanello, R. F., Rau, D., & Saxena, N. (2008). Organizational learning as a moderator of the effect
of strategic planning on company performance. International Journal of Management, 25(3), 569-578.
Retrieved from ProQuest ABI/Inform Complete database.
EBSCO Business Source Elite: Abstract View: DOI Provided
DOI
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The results search list in EBSCO may include the doi in the numbered list of results as in the following example. Be
warned that EBSCO does not give the correct format in these examples of search results:
16. Developing Effective Leadership Skills.Full Text Available By: Kim, Chulwoo. Public Administration Review,
May/Jun2009, Vol. 69 Issue 3, p547-549, 3p; DOI: 10.1111/j.1540-6210.2009.02001.x; (AN 37605735)
Source: EBSCO Business Source Elite

 What do I do if I cannot find the doi?

If you cannot find the doi for an article found in our library databases, here is a summary of where to find the doi, or
what to use when it is not available.
ProQuest ABI/Inform Complete database
The Abstract View may have the doi.
The Pdf view at top of article can have the doi, but this is not always the case.
If the doi is not available, use the format: Retrieved from ProQuest ABI/Inform Complete database.

EBSCO Business Source Elite
EBSCO may have the doi for an article in the abstract view. The citation in the list of search results will include the
doi for the article when the doi is provided in the abstract.
If the doi is not given, use the format: Retrieved from EBSCO Business Source Elite database.

FACTIVA
FACTIVA does not include DOIs. Use the format: Retrieved from Factiva database.

LexisNexis Academic
The database does not currently display DOIs. Use the format: Retrieved from LexisNexis Academic database.

Gale Databases: DOIs are now being included for journal articles; when not included, use the following
phrases instead of the doi:
Academic OneFile- Retrieved from Academic OneFile database.
Business and Company Resource Center – Retrieved from Business and Company Resource Center
database.
Computer Database – Retrieved from Computer database.
General Business File ASAP – Retrieved from General Business File ASAP database.
General Reference Center Gold – Retrieved from General Reference Center Gold database.
General OneFile – Retrieved from General OneFile database.
 What if I cannot find the doi, and my Instructor told me to include it? Can I look up the doi
somewhere?
If you cannot find the doi for an article, the CrossRef.org web site offers a doi lookup at
http://www.crossref.org/guestquery/. There are 3 options available for looking up the doi. Let’s look at the first
option:

1. Bibliographic Metadata Search: Search by filling in the blanks
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Fill in the boxes
with the necessary
information

2. Search on Article Title: Supply the Author’s Surname and Article Title
If you only know the title of an item (article, book chapter, report, working-paper ... etc.) submit them here. Supply
the author to reduce the number of results. This form is a guest query interface to the CrossRef system for individual
DOI retrieval.
First Author
meier, k. j.
(surname)
gender and emotional labor in public organizations: an empirical examination of the link to performanc
Article Title

Enable
When you click sear ch ,
Multiple Hits
the next screen displays
Search the doi

Journal/Volume Title Author ISSN/ISBN Volume Issue Page Year PubMedID PMCID
Article Title
DOI Persistent Link

Public Administration Review Meier 00333352 66 6 899 2006
Gender and Emotional Labor in Public Organizations: An Empirical Examination of the Link to Performance
doi:10.1111/j.1540-
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-6210.2006.00657.x
6210.2006.00657.x

3. Automatic parsing of a normal reference (http://www.crossref.org/SimpleTextQuery/):
This form allows you to retrieve Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) for journal articles, books, and chapters by simply
cutting and pasting the reference list into the box below. You may use the form with any reference style, although
the tool works most reliably if references are formatted in a standard style such as shown in this example from
the Crossref.org web page.

*Note: CrossRef does not provide the correct punctuation in the example it gives us:
Clow GD, McKay CP, Simmons Jr. GM, and Wharton RA, Jr. 1988. Climatological observations and predicted
sublimation rates at Lake Hoare, Antarctica. Journal of Climate 1:715-728.

Please separate individual references by a blank line. For best results, there should be no line breaks within an
individual reference. When submitting multiple references they must be in alphabetical order or presented as a
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numbered list. For editorial purposes, to check the accuracy of a reference click on the DOI link that is returned with
the reference.
Paste the citation directly into the text box shown below. Note the exact format:
Example:
Meier, K. J., Mastracci, S. H., & Wilson, K. (2006). Gender and emotional labor in public organizations: An
empirical examination of the link to performance. Public Administration Review, 66:899-909.
Paste the citation or list of citations using

the format as shown; include the volume
number followed by a colon and the page

numbers; Otherwise, Crossref will not
work.
The search returns with the doi: doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2006.00657.x for the citation:
Meier, K. J., Mastracci, S. H., & Wilson, K. (2006). Gender and emotional labor in public organizations: An
empirical examination of the link to performance. Public Administration Review, 66: 899-909.
doi:10.1111/j.1540-6210.2006.00657.x (in the example, the issue number is not included, there is a colon
after the volume number followed by the page numbers)
Note: You will need to rewrite the last part of the citation: Public Administration Review, 66(6), 899-909.
The issue number is missing in the example given above, but it should be included in your list of references.
 Is there a way to double check if a doi is correct?
Use the DOI Resolver Tool to verify a known doi at
http://www.crossref.org/05researchers/58doi_resolver.html
or consult the DOI Systems Page at http://www.doi.org/ (located at the bottom of the page).
Crossref provides a page to search titles at http://www.crossref.org/titleList/.
APA also has an FAQ page that may answer some of your questions at
http://www.apastyle.org/learn/faqs/index.aspx; also check out http://www.apastyle.org/apa-style-help.aspx.
In general, include the doi when it is provided in the abstract or pdf view of the article. If
no doi is provided, use the following format: Retrieved from Database Name followed by
the word database.
Examples:
Retrieved from ProQuest ABI/Inform Complete database.
Retrieved from EBSCO Business Source Elite database.