Antitrust in the Groceries Sector & Liability Issues in Relation to Corporate Social Responsibility

609 Pages·2015·5.39 MB·English

by  Pierre Kobel, Pranvera Këllezi, Bruce Kilpatrick (eds.)

LIDC Contributions on Antitrust Law,
Intellectual Property and Unfair Competition
Pierre Kobel
Pranvera Këllezi
Bruce Kilpatrick Editors
Antitrust in the
Groceries Sector &
Liability Issues in
Relation to Corporate
Social Responsibility
LIDC Contributions on Antitrust Law,
Intellectual Property and Unfair Competition
Moreinformationaboutthisseriesat
http://www.springer.com/series/11817
Pierre Kobel • Pranvera Ke¨llezi •
Bruce Kilpatrick
Editors
Antitrust in the Groceries
Sector & Liability Issues in
Relation to Corporate
Social Responsibility
Editors
PierreKobel PranveraKe¨llezi
deWeck,Zoells&Kobel Attorney-at-law
Geneva Geneva
Switzerland Switzerland
BruceKilpatrick
AddleshawGoddardLLP
London
UnitedKingdom
ISSN2199-742X ISSN2199-7438 (electronic)
LIDCContributionsonAntitrustLaw,IntellectualPropertyandUnfairCompetition
ISBN978-3-662-45752-8 ISBN978-3-662-45753-5 (eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-662-45753-5
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2015937966
SpringerHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
#Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2015
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Preface
The International League of Competition Law (LIDC) carries out a leading work
everyyearinstudying twotopicalquestionsselectedamongthefieldsofantitrust
law,intellectualpropertyorunfaircompetition.Oneachquestion,thekeythemes
in the major jurisdictions are reflected in a series of national reports, whilst an
internationalreportidentifiescommonfeaturesandtrendsfromthenationalreports
anddrawsconclusionsonpotentialsolutionsorideastobeexploredinthefuture.
The works of the LIDC have been a well of practical guidance for generations of
lawyers, whether or not they are members of the LIDC, and for regulatory
authorities.
LIDC has now decided to publish regularly the entire reports in the LIDC
Contributions on Antitrust Law, Intellectual Property and Unfair Competition for
thebenefitofthelegalpractitioners,academicsandauthoritiesactiveinthefieldof
antitrust, intellectual property and unfair competition. LIDC is therefore making
full use of this opportunity to contribute in the development of these fascinating
fieldsoflaw.
Thispublicationprovidesauniquecomparative analysis oftwo“hottopics”in
thefieldofantitrustandunfaircompetitionlaws.
The first part of the book examines the grocery retail market and considers
whether the antitrust rules in these jurisdictions are being applied in an efficient
manner. There are 18 national reports, which analyse the most significant cases
handled bythenationalcompetitionauthoritiesinthegroceryretailsectorand,in
particular, how the antitrust rules have been applied to the relationships between
suppliers and retailers in those jurisdictions, in the context of both antitrust cases
and market inquiries. The book also contains a detailed international report, by
Professor Frederic Jenny, which identifies general trends and highlights common
themesthatemergefromthenationalreports.
Thesecondpartofthebookgatherscontributionsfromvariousjurisdictionson
the unfair competition question of the legal grounds on which commercial
practices, i.e. manufacturing, marketing, distribution or advertisements of items
producedorservicesrenderedinviolationofstandards,statementsorcommitments
voluntarilyadoptedbyanundertakingaspartofacorporateandsocialresponsibil-
ityprogramme(CSR),couldorshouldbesanctionedorprevented.Theseissuesare
exploredinaseriesofnationalreportsandtheinternationalreportpreparedbyGuy
Tritton,whoisabarristeratHogarthChambers.
v
vi Preface
The editors would like to thank all the authors for their contributions and their
patient collaboration during the editing of this book. They would like to express
their sincere gratitude to the Members of the Bureau, of the Council and of the
ScientificCommitteefortheirkindsupportandencouragementduringtheprepara-
tionofthisbook.
Geneva,Switzerland PierreKobel
Geneva,Switzerland PranveraKe¨llezi
London,UK BruceKilpatrick
Abbreviations
AUD Australiandollar
BGBl. Bundesgesetzblatt(Germany)
BGH Bundesgerichtshof(Germany)
BGN Bulgarianlev
bn Billion
BRL BrazilianReal(reais)
B2B Businesstobusiness
c./ca. Circa
cf. Compare
CFI Court of First Instance of the ECJ (before
1December2009)
CFREU The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the
EuropeanUnion,OJ2010C83,p.389
CHF Swissfranc
CJEU Court of Justice of the European Union (after
1December2009)
CR ConcentrationRatiomeasuringthepercentage
n
marketshareheldbynlargestundertakings
DeminimisNotice Commission Notice on agreements of minor
importance which do not appreciably restrict
competition under Article 81(1) of the Treaty
establishing the European Community
(deminimis),OJ2001C368,p.13
Directive97/7 Directive97/7/ECoftheEuropeanParliament
and of the Council of 20 May 1997 on the
protection of consumers in respect of distance
contracts,OJ1997L144,p.19
Directive2000/31 Directive 2000/31/EC of the European Parlia-
ment and of the Council of 8 June 2000 on
certain legal aspects of information society
services,inparticularelectroniccommerce,in
the Internal Market (‘Directive on electronic
commerce’),OJ2000L178,p.1
vii
viii Abbreviations
Directive2011/7 Directive 2011/7/EU of the European Parlia-
ment and of the Council of 16 February 2011
on combating late payment in commercial
transactions,OJ2011L48,p.1
DKK Danishkrone
DM Deutschemark
e.g.oreg Forexample
EC EuropeanCommunity
ECHR Council of Europe, European Convention for
HumanRightsof4November1950
ECJ EuropeanCourtofJustice(before1December
2009)
ECR EuropeanCourtReports
EU EuropeanUnion
ff Andfollowing
GBP Poundsterling(UK)
GC GeneralCourtoftheCJEU(after1December
2009)
GDP GrossDomesticProduct
Guidelinesontheeffectontrade CommissionNotice—Guidelinesontheeffect
concept on trade concept contained in Articles 81 and
82oftheTreaty,OJ2004C101,p.81
ha Hectare
HMT Hypotheticalmonopolisttest
HRK CroatianKuna(hrvatskakuna)
HUF HungarianForint(Magyarforint)
i.e. idest(thatis)
Id./Idem Thesameaspreviouslymentioned
IP Intellectualproperty
kg Kilogram
m Million
m2 Squaremetre
MFN MostFavouredNation
min Minutes
NAAT-rule Thenon-appreciableaffectationoftraderule
Noticeontherelevantmarket Commission Notice on the definition of rele-
vant market for the purposes of Community
competitionlaw,OJ1997C372,p.5
OECD Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development
OJ OfficialJournal
p./pp. Page(s)
para/paras Paragraph(s)
Abbreviations ix
ParisConvention Paris Convention for the protection of indus-
trialpropertyof20March1883
pt Point
R&D Researchanddevelopment
Regulation1/2003 CouncilRegulationNo1/2003of16December
2002 on the implementation of the rules on
competition laid down in Articles 81 and 82
oftheTreaty,OJ2003L1,p.1
Regulation139/2004 Council Regulation (EC) No 139/2004 of 20
January 2004 on the control of concentrations
betweenundertakings,OJ2004L24,p.1
Regulation330/2010 Commission Regulation (EU) 330/2010 of 20
April2010ontheapplicationofArticle101(3)
of the Treaty on the Functioning of the Euro-
pean Union to categories of vertical
agreements and concerted practices, OJ 2010,
L102,p.1
RON Romanianleu
SEK SwedishKrona
SM Significantmarketpower
SMEs Smallandmediumsizeenterprises
SSNIP Small but Significant and Non-transitory
IncreaseinPrice
TEC TreatyEstablishingtheEuropeanCommunity
TFEU Treaty on the Functioning of the European
Union
UAH Ukrainianhryvnia
UK UnitedKingdom
US/USA UnitedStatesofAmerica
v Versus