Table Of ContentGulzar Ahmad Nayik
Amir Gull Editors
Antioxidants
in Fruits:
Properties and
Health Benefits
Antioxidants in Fruits: Properties and Health
Benefits
Gulzar Ahmad Nayik (cid:129) Amir Gull
Editors
Antioxidants in Fruits:
Properties and Health
Benefits
Editors
GulzarAhmadNayik AmirGull
DepartmentofFoodScienceand DepartmentofFoodScience&Technology
Technology UniversityofKashmir
GovernmentDegreeCollege Srinagar,JammuandKashmir,India
Shopian,JammuandKashmir,India
ISBN978-981-15-7284-5 ISBN978-981-15-7285-2 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-7285-2
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Preface
Fruits are one of the most important indicators of diet quality and have protective
effects against many of chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, obesity,
andvarioustypesofcancer.Toimprovefruitconsumption,itisnecessarytoknow
andunderstandtheconstituentsoffruits.Consideringtheimportanceofknowledge
and awareness asone of thedeterminants of fruit consumption, this bookprovides
comprehensiveknowledgeonbotanicaldescriptionandnutritionalandnutraceutical
properties of a wide range of commonly consumed fruits in many parts of world.
Thisbookwillalsocoverthecharacterizationofthechemicalcompoundswhichare
responsibleforantioxidantproprietiesofvariousfruits.
Thisbookhasbeendesignedespeciallyforcollege/universitystudents,research
scholars,academicians, pomologists,aswell toagriculturalscientists.Researchers,
scientists, and others working in various fruit processing industries and other
horticultural departments will also find the comprehensive information relevant to
theirwork.
Shopian,India GulzarAhmadNayik
Srinagar,India AmirGull
vii
Contents
1 NaturalAntioxidants:AssaysandExtractionMethods/Solvents
UsedforTheirIsolation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
AjaySharma,GarimaBhardwaj,JyotiGaba,
andDamanjitSinghCannoo
2 Cherry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
NusratJan,GousiaGani,OmarBashir,SyedZameerHussain,
H.R.Naik,SajadMohdWani,ShakeelAhmadBhat,
MohammadAmaanSeh,andTawheedAmin
3 Phalsa(GrewiaasiaticaL.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
BababodeAdesegunKehinde,ShafiyaRafiq,GulzarAhmadNayik,
andShauketAhmedPala
4 YellowHimalayanBerry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
DeepShikhaandPiyushKashyap
5 Mangosteen(GarciniamangostanaL.). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
GurkiratKaur,ArashdeepSingh,andB.N.Dar
6 Avocado. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
DarakshanMajid,B.N.Dar,ShahnazParveen,AbidaJabeen,
FarhanaMehrajAllai,SajadAhmadSofi,andTariqAhmadGanaie
7 Mosambi(SweetLime). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
ZanoorulAshraf,AsimaShah,F.A.Masoodi,AdilGani,
andNairahNoor
8 IndianBael. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
HanumanBobade,SavitaSharma,andArashdeepSingh
9 Durian. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 163
ArshiedManzoor,BismaJan,ShumylaMehraj,
QuratUlEainHyderRizvi,MehnazaManzoor,andSaghirAhmad
10 Sapota. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
JashandeepKaur,ArashdeepSingh,BaljitSingh,andSavitaSharma
iixx
x Contents
11 SeaBuckthorn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201
PiyushKashyap,Deepshikha,CharanjitSinghRiar,
andNavdeepJindal
12 Guava(Psidiumguajava). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227
SwatiKapoor,NeerajGandhi,andAakritiKapoor
13 Muntingiacalabura. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
BababodeAdesegunKehinde,GulzarAhmadNayik,
andShafiyaRafiq
14 BlackCurrant. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
FarhanaMehrajAllai,Z.R.Azad,KhalidGul,B.N.Dar,
AbidaJabeen,andDarakshanMajid
15 Pomegranate. . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . 295
SatishChandraKushwaha,M.B.Bera,andPradyumanKumar
16 Tamarind(Tamarindusindica). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
BarshaDeviandTridipBoruah
17 Watermelon. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
Sangeeta,GulzarAhmadNayik,andKhalidMuzaffar
18 Kachnar(Bauhiniavariegata). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 365
ShivKumar,PoonamBaniwal,JaspreetKaur,andHarishKumar
19 Pineapple. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 379
A.Mohsin,AbidaJabeen,DarakshanMajid,FarhanaMehrajAllai,
A.H.Dar,B.Gulzar,andH.A.Makroo
20 Quince. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 397
GulzarAhmedRather,MohdYasinBhat,SivaSankarSana,AarifAli,
MirZahoorGul,AnimaNanda,andMusheerulHassan
21 Kinnow. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 417
MudasirYaqoob,ManpreetKaur,PoonamAggarwal,
andPreetiAhluwalia
22 Pear. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 435
NowsheenNazir,ShemooNisar,ShaziaMubarak,AroosaKhalil,
KounserJaveed,SwapanBanerjee,JasmeetKour,
andGulzarAhmadNayik
23 Peach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449
MonikaHans,ManzoorAhmadShah,andRosyBansal
24 Jackfruit(Artocarpusheterophyllus). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461
NoorulAnishaAnvarHussain,MonjurulHoque,SaumyaAgarwal,
IrshaanSyed,andMdRaihan
Contents xi
25 Cranberry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 479
OtiliaBobis,GulzarAhmadNayik,JavedAhmadWagay,
UmarFarooq,AimanZehra,andVikasNanda
26 Apple. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 507
RafiyaMushtaq,AbWaheedWani,andGulzarAhmadNayik
27 Apricot. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 523
AadilKhursheed,AjazRasool,RukhsanaNazir,
ManzoorAhmadRather,andAabidHussainShalla
28 Kiwi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 547
AimanZehra,H.R.Naik,GulzarAhmadNayik,JasmeetKour,
Sangeeta,OtiliaBobis,SajadAhmadWani,AmirGull,
DeepuPandita,TariqAhmadGanaie,andVikasNanda
29 Litchi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 563
MaeenaNamanShafiee,TehmeenaAhad,AmirGull,RubiyaRashid,
SajadAhmadMir,TariqAhmadGanaie,SajadMohdWani,
andF.A.Masoodi
30 Loquat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577
PrernaGupta,KunduPriyanka,andChikkalaSivanand
31 Blueberries. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 593
SwapanBanerjee,GulzarAhmadNayik,JasmeetKour,
andNowsheenNazir
32 Jamun. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615
FoziaHameed,NeerajGupta,RukhsanaRahman,NadiraAnjum,
andGulzarAhmadNayik
Editors and Contributors
About the Editors
Gulzar Ahmad Nayik is currently working as Assistant Professor in the Depart-
mentofFoodScience&Technology,Govt.DegreeCollege,Shopian,J&K,India.
He completed his Master’s Degree in Food Technology from IUST, Awantipora,
J&K, India, and Ph.D. from SLIET, Punjab, India. He has published 44+ peer-
reviewed research/review papers, many bookchapters, 1 textbook, and delivered a
numberofpresentationsinvariousnationalandinternationalconferences,seminars,
workshops, and webinars. Dr. Nayik was shortlisted twice for the prestigious
INSPIRE-Faculty Award in 2017 and in 2018 by the Indian National Science
Academy, New Delhi. Dr. Nayik was nominated for India’s prestigious National
Award(INSAMedalforYoungScientists-2019–20).Dr.Nayikwasalsoselectedas
Young Professional in Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Govt. of India.
Dr. Nayik’s research activities have been focused on characterizing different high-
altitudeIndianhoneysbyanalyzingtheirnutraceuticalpotentialandantiproliferative
properties, marker identification for the discrimination of honey, and determining
their volatile components and phenolic, flavonoid, mineral, enzymatic, and sugar
profile.Dr.NayikisalsoservingasEditor,AssociateEditor,andAssistantEditorin
many journals related to Food Science & Technology. Dr. Nayik is a frequent
reviewer of several reputed journals in the area of Food Science and Technology.
HeisalsoworkingasmemberofvariousassociationslikeWASET,AFSTI,IFST,
IAAS, IAENG, IAJC, ASR, IFERP, and Asian Council of Science Editors.
Dr. Nayik is recipient of Top Peer Reviewer Award 2019 from Web of Sciences
Group powered by Publons for placing in the top 1% of reviewers in Agricultural
Sciences. He is also recipient of International Travel Grant from DST India and
MANFfromUGCIndia.
Amir Gull is currently working as Senior Research Fellow in the Department of
Food Science & Technology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, J&K, India. He
completed his Master’s Degree in Food Technology from Islamic University of
Science & Technology, Awantipora, J&K, India, and Ph.D. from Sant Longowal
InstituteofEngineering&Technology,Longowal,Sangrur,Punjab,India.Dr.Gull
has published many peer-reviewed research papers and review papers in reputed
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