Antimicrobial Peptides and Innate Immunity

387 Pages·2013·4.67 MB·English

by  Robert I. Lehrer (auth.)

Progress in Inflammation Research
Series Editors
MichaelJ.Parnham,UniversityHospitalforInfectiousDiseases,Zagreb,Croatia
EugenFaist,KlinikumGrosshadern,Ludwig-Maximilians-University,
Munich,Germany
AdvisoryBoard
G.Z.Feuerstein(WyethResearch,Collegeville,PA,USA)
M.Pairet(BoehringerIngelheimPharmaKG,Biberacha.d.Riss,Germany)
W.vanEden(UniversiteitUtrecht,Utrecht,TheNetherlands)
For furthervolumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/4983
.
Pieter S. Hiemstra • Sebastian A. J. Zaat
Editors
Antimicrobial Peptides and
Innate Immunity
Editors
PieterS.Hiemstra SebastianA.J.Zaat
DepartmentofPulmonology Dept.MedicalMicrobiology
LeidenUniversityMedicalCenter CtrforInfection&Immun.Amsterdam
Leiden (CINIMA)
Netherlands AcademicMedicalCenter
UniversityofAmsterdam
Amsterdam
Netherlands
SeriesEditors
Prof.MichaelJ.Parnham,Ph.D. Prof.EugenFaist,MD,FACS
VisitingScientist Ludwig-Maximilians-UniversityMunich
Research&ClinicalImmunologyUnit KlinikumGrosshadern
UniversityHospitalforInfectiousDiseases DepartmentofSurgery
“Dr.FranMihaljevic´” Marchioninistr.15
Mirogojska8 81377Munich
HR-10000Zagreb,Croatia Germany
ISBN978-3-0348-0540-7 ISBN978-3-0348-0541-4(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-0348-0541-4
SpringerBaselHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2012956531
#SpringerBasel2013
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Preface
Antimicrobialpeptideshavebeenthesubjectofintenseresearchinthepastdecades
andarenowconsideredasanessentialpartofthedefensesysteminbacteria,plants,
animals, and humans. Whereas lysozyme was identified in the 1920s, research on
the smaller antimicrobial peptides started later. Pioneering work in, e.g., insects
provided evidence for the central role that these so-called endogenous antibiotics
playinhostdefenseagainstinfection.Thisisfurthersupportedbytheobservation
that these peptides have been conserved throughout evolution and that they are
present in vertebrates and invertebrates, plants, and microorganisms. Studies on
antimicrobialpeptidesincysticfibrosisthatwereperformedinthe1990sprompted
arangeofresearcheffortsthatwereaimedtodefinetheirroleindiseasedevelop-
mentandprogression.Thisincreaseinresearchonantimicrobialpeptidesalsoled
to the conclusion that they contribute to host defense against infection not only
through a direct and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity but also through a
variety of other mechanisms. This explains why the name host defense peptides
isanappropriatealternativethatiswidelyused.Theaimofthisbookistoprovide
an update on these effector molecules of the innate immune system both for
researchers that are already actively involved in the area and for those with a
generalinterestinthetopic.
Thefirstthreechaptersofthisvolume provide anoverviewofthe evolution of
cysteine-containing antimicrobial peptides (including defensins) and the role of
these peptides in host defense in plants and microorganisms. The realization that
antimicrobialpeptidesalsodisplayfunctionsdistinctfromtheirdirectantimicrobial
actionisthefocusofthenextfivechaptersandputsthesepeptidescenterstagein
immunityandwoundrepair.Theremarkableincreaseinstructure–functionstudies
hasprovidednewinsightsintohowthepeptidesfulfilltheirvariousactivities.The
next block of chapters discusses the role of antimicrobial peptides in disease, by
providing an overview of mechanisms in bacterial resistance to antimicrobial
peptidesandadiscussionoftheirroleininflammatoryboweldisease,cysticfibrosis
lungdisease,andchronicobstructivepulmonarydisease.Althoughbacteriadonot
develop resistance against antimicrobial peptides as easily as they do to conven-
tional antibiotics, bacteria do use resistance mechanisms to defend themselves
v
vi Preface
against antimicrobial peptide attacks by the host. Studies on these interactions
provide insight into the host–microbe interaction during infection. Our insight in
the role of antimicrobial peptides in disease has also improved considerably in
recent years through studies that focus on, e.g., genetic and epigenetic regulation
andstudiesthatexploretheactivityofthesepeptidesincomplexenvironmentsthat
arechangingasaresultoftheunderlyingdisease.Thefinaltwochaptersdescribe
howknowledgeofthefunctionofantimicrobialpeptidesandtheirregulationcanbe
used to design new therapies for inflammatory and infectious disorders. This is a
veryimportantareaofresearch,inparticularbecauseoftheincreaseinresistanceof
microorganisms to conventional antibiotics. Therefore, the use of synthetic or
recombinant peptides, oragentsthatstimulate the endogenous production ofanti-
microbialpeptides,providesanattractivealternativeforconventionalantibiotics.
Eachchapterinthisbookwaswrittenbyexpertsinthefieldofantimicrobial/host
defense peptide research and provides a state-of-the-art summary of their area of
research.Thetimeandexpertiseoftheseexpertswereessential,andwewouldlike
tothankthemfortheirexcellentcontributions.
Contents
EvolutionofAntimicrobialPeptides:AViewfrom
theCystineChapel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
RobertI.Lehrer
InnateImmunityinPlants:TheRoleofAntimicrobialPeptides. . . . . . 29
H.U.Stotz,F.Waller,andK.Wang
AntimicrobialPeptidesProducedbyMicroorganisms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
AlineDiasPaivaandEefjanBreukink
LL-37:AnImmunomodulatoryAntimicrobialHost
DefencePeptide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
PaulaE.Beaumont,Hsin-NiLi,andDonaldJ.Davidson
WoundRepairandAntimicrobialPeptides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
MonaSta˚hle
WAPingOutPathogensandDiseaseintheMucosa:RolesforSLPI
andTrappin-2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
ThomasS.Wilkinson,AliRoghanian,andJean-MichelSallenave
Histatins:MultifunctionalSalivaryAntimicrobialPeptides. . . . . . . . . . 167
Wimvan‘tHof,MennoJ.Oudhoff,andEnnoC.I.Veerman
Structure–FunctionRelationshipsofAntimicrobial
Chemokines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
MauricioArias,SebastianA.J.Zaat,andHansJ.Vogel
MechanismsandSignificanceofBacterialResistancetoHumanCationic
AntimicrobialPeptides. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
MairaGoytia,JustinL.Kandler,andWilliamM.Shafer
AntimicrobialPeptidesandInflammatoryBowelDisease. . . . . . . . . . . 255
SimonJa¨ger,EduardF.Stange,andJanWehkamp
vii
viii Contents
CysticFibrosisandDefectiveAirwayInnateImmunity. . . . . . . . . . . . . 275
JenniferA.BartlettandPaulB.McCrayJr.
AntimicrobialPeptidesinChronicObstructivePulmonaryDisease. . . . 307
GimanoD.AmatngalimandPieterS.Hiemstra
HostDefensePeptides:ImmuneModulationandAntimicrobialActivity
InVivo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321
NicoleJ.Afacan,LaureM.Janot,andRobertE.W.Hancock
HelpingtheHost:InductionofAntimicrobialPeptidesasaNovel
TherapeuticStrategyAgainstInfections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 359
BirgittaAgerberth,PeterBergman,andGudmundurH.Gudmundsson
Index. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 377
List of Contributors
NicoleJ.Afacan CentreforMicrobialDiseasesandImmunityResearch,Univer-
sityofBritishColumbia,Vancouver,BC,Canada
Birgitta Agerberth Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics,
KarolinskaInstitutet,Stockholm,Sweden
Gimano D. Amatngalim Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University
MedicalCenter,Leiden,TheNetherlands
Mauricio Arias Department of Biological Sciences, Biochemistry Research
Group,UniversityofCalgary,Calgary,AB,Canada
JenniferA.Bartlett DepartmentofPediatrics,UniversityofIowa,IowaCity,
IA, USA
Paula E. Beaumont MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation
Research,Queens’MedicalResearchInstitute,W2.05,Edinburgh,Scotland,UK
Peter Bergman Department of Medicine, Center for Infectious Medicine,
KarolinskaInstitutet,Stockholm,Sweden
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Division of Clinical Microbiology,
KarolinskaUniversityHospital,Stockholm,Sweden
Eefjan Breukink Membrane Biochemistry & Biophysics, Utrecht University,
Padualaan8,3584CHUtrecht,TheNetherlands
Donald J. Davidson MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation
Research,Queens’MedicalResearchInstitute,W2.05,Edinburgh,Scotland,UK
Maira Goytia Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of
Medicine,EmoryUniversity,RollinsResearchCenter,Atlanta,GA,USA
Gudmundur H. Gudmundsson Institute of Biology, University of Iceland,
Reykjavik,Iceland
ix
x ListofContributors
Robert E.W. Hancock Centre for Microbial Diseases and Immunity Research,
UniversityofBritishColumbia,Vancouver,BC,Canada
Pieter S. Hiemstra Department of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical
Center,Leiden,TheNetherlands
SimonJa¨ger DepartmentofInternalMedicineI,RobertBoschHospital,Stuttgart,
Germany
Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch-Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Stuttgart,
Germany
Laure M.Janot Centre for MicrobialDiseases andImmunity Research, Univer-
sityofBritishColumbia,Vancouver,BC,Canada
Justin L. Kandler Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of
Medicine,EmoryUniversity,RollinsResearchCenter,Atlanta,GA,USA
Robert I. Lehrer Department ofMedicine, David Geffen School ofMedicine at
UCLA,LosAngeles,CA,USA
Hsin-Ni Li MRC/University of Edinburgh Centre for Inflammation Research,
Queens’MedicalResearchInstitute,W2.05,Edinburgh,Scotland,UK
Paul B. McCray 240F EMRB, Department of Pediatrics, Roy J. and Lucille
A.CarverCollegeofMedicine,UniversityofIowa,IowaCity,IA,USA
Menno J. Oudhoff Section Oral Biochemistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry
Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and VU University Amsterdam,
Amsterdam,TheNetherlands
Aline Dias Paiva Departamento de Microbiologia, Universidade Federal de
Vic¸osa, Avenida P.H. Rolfs, s/n, Campus Universita´rio Cep: 36571-000, Vic¸osa/
MinasGerais,Brasil
AliRoghanian AntibodyandVaccineGroup,CancerSciencesUnit,Universityof
Southampton,Southampton,UK
Jean-Michel Sallenave Institut Pasteur, Unite´ De´fense Inne´e et Inflammation,
Paris,France
INSERM,U874,Paris,France
UFRSciencesduVivant,Universite´ ParisDiderotParis7,Paris,France
William M. Shafer Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of
Medicine,EmoryUniversity,RollinsResearchCenter,Atlanta,GA,USA
VeteransAffairsMedicalResearch, VeteransAffairs MedicalCenter, Decatur,
GA, USA
Mona Sta˚hle Unit of Dermatology and Venereology, Karolinska Institutet,
Stockholm,Sweden