Antibiotics in Animal Feeds

89 Pages·2014·1.52 MB·English

ISSN 0194-4098

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ANTIBIOTICS
IN ANIMAL FEEDS

Council for
Agricultural Science and Technology
Report No.
March 1981
| |CAST

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Agricultural, and Environmental Issues

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ence 23
Council for
Agricultural Science and Technology
(CAST)

Member Societies

American Collage of Veterinary Toxicologiats
‘Amrican Dairy Sionee Association
Anetican Forage und ress Counc
“American Weat Science Association
‘American Meteoroogical Society
‘American Phytopstholenicsl Society
‘American Seciety for Horticultural Seance
‘American Seciaty of Agricultural Engisaere
‘American Socaty of Agronorwy
‘Amorican Socioty of Arial Scisnce
‘Aquatic Plant Management Society
Association of Offcil Sand Analysts

Council on Soi Testing and Plant Analysis
Cop Selonce Society af Amoice
Intute of Food Technologists
North Central Weed Control Conference
Northeastern Weed Science Society
Plant Growth Regulator Warking Group
Peuitry Science Assocation
Fural Sociological Sccity
Society of Nematolgists
SollScience Society t America
Southem Weed Science Society
Weel Science Society of America

‘Wostom Socioty of Weed Scianeo

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ANTIBIOTICS
IN ANIMAL FEEDS

Counei For
Agricultural Science and Technology
Report No. 88
March 1981
che caver picture, covréesy of Vivgil W. Hays,
Univers*ty af Kencucky, shows desis of various
antibiot’cs against a bacterial culture ina Pe
tri_d’sh. Lach of the disks (hich apoear Black
‘tn the tronsti tted Tight used “or. shozographing)
contains a different. antibiotic, The dianeter o*
the area around the disk in which the paccerial
grovth has been ‘nbibited 1s a ‘unceion of the
effectiveness of the antib’attc agains+ ‘he bac-
terial culture, the concentration of the ancibi-
otic in the disk, and the rate of diffusion o:
the antibiotic Fron the d’sk ‘nto the agar med-
TASK FORCE MEMBERS

Virgil W. llays (Chairman of the task force), Uspatuent of Aniaal Science, Uni-
verstty af Kentucky

Robert L. Gard, School of Lay, University of Conecticut

ay F. Brokken, ESCS-SER-ISOA, Department of Agricultural and Resource Econ—
‘amics, Oregan State University

5. A, Cigar’ Department of Poultry Science, Auburn University
Mayne T. C1Viott, Southeastern Lege] Foundation, AtTanta

Maxwell Finland, Channing Laboratory, Boston City Hospital

W. 0. llefferman, Departrent of Rurad Sactolagy, Unt versity of Missouri

Charles A. Lassiter, Departrent of Aniral Science, North Carolina State University

Harley N. Moon, Patidlegical Laberatory, tational Sninal Disease Center, Ak-SEA~
USDA, ares, Towa

Syed A. Nagi, Deportent of Veterinary Wicrabiolony, Texas AAS Lntyersisy
Ammaid A. Paulsen, Copartnent of Economies, Towa State University

John ¥, Shutze, Departnent of Extensian Poultry Science, Lntverstty af Georgie
llovard S. Teague, CR-SEA, L.S. Department of Agrie.Iture

Ratoh Vinson, Gneida, 111 inofs

Willard J. Visek, Schools of Basie Medical Scfenees and Clinical Medteine,
University of i71inois at Urbana

Gary Vocke, Center for Agricultural and Rural Ceve” opment, Lovia State University
Farold D. Wallace, Cepartnent of Anime] Setence, University of Florida

Kckert Il. White-Stevens> Buroau of Conservation and Environmental Science,
Rutgers University

Bean Wolt, Acricuitural Experiment Station, University of Kentucky

*Occeased.
FOREWORD

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CONTENTS

SUMO eee eee
Qverviee ee Settee eee
Background 6... wae

Intestinal bacterfa, thetr resistance to antibiotics, and
human hazards roa antibiovic use In antual feeds |... . .

Residues af antibiaLics in foot... eee ee eee

Antivioties amployell in animal feels... ee ee ee
Clinical imolivalions vw es
Restdues in edfble aninal’ products | pit
Restdues in aningl wasles, soil, and Crops 2222222000

Use af antisfotics in fumans and human heallh vv ee

Subtherapeutic doses... ee
Therapeutic use of tetracyclines |. LLL.
Long-term administration af antisiotics ta control acne
Long-term prophylaxis against strestacaccal tnfecttans
and bacterial endocarditis... 02. eee ee bee
Perspective on resistant pataogens 22 22D TTT)

Feed-additive usage of antibiotics and animal teallh =... ee

Erfects of antibiotic Feeding on the enleric bacteria of animals...
Use of antibiozics in the control af sacteria ather Lian
enteries in poultry eee ee ee ee ee

Satmonel1a infectfons tm cattle eee
Other diarrheal diseases In cate | 2 Tt nit
Brovention of respiracory diseose (Shipping fever) + << LSS « :
Provention of liver abscesses... ve ve ttre

AnLiblotie use and effectiveness in aniaal production... ee eee
Dairy calves . . : See teeter eee
Beef cattle 22 2 It PIII IPiiiiiiiiist
Puléry eS DDL PllDiiiriiii:
Bane DLP DDI b itis Dlilt

Prevention of infections ©... ee see eee eee eee
Growth promotion ss bility

Alternatives to the tetracyclines and penicillin. 2... eee
Socioeconcinle implications of antibiotic usage in

Tivestock productton . . . .. pices eect eet t eee ae
Risk and uncertainty oo. ee ee eee 3
Indfrect sactal consequences V0. LID 35
Socta] consequences of proposed veterinary prescriptions 2.1 l tt 8

Econante effects oe ee eee ete tees 6
Introduction ve ee eee 36
Narket response to chanye in lachnology SILT 36
Quantl Frying ccananic losses Wo consumers” 2 D1 rt 3
Approaches and models use Lo assess economic inpacts oF

Dntiblotic restriction es ce ee ee ee 38
Economic iapacts esLinaled by Aien and durbee and

Tilia se ale ee st tees : 3
Estimates from Dworkin | ee 2
HannaPautsen siuwlation | 22202 : a
Headley simulation : 7
USDA sirulation 51
(alaulations of lvsses’ (6 consumers tror banning antibiotics

fn animal feeds ss = Detect t tenets fa

Legal status of MA's proposed restrictions 2 eee ee 62

Append! At Opinions of Missourt farmers concerning the use of antt—

Bioties in aninal feeds and tre consequences of banning their use. n

Append{x 8: A multtoroduct, comparative, static-equilibriun model.