Anti-corruption in History: From Antiquity to the Modern Era

459 Pages·2018·10.06 MB·English

by  Ronald Kroeze

ANTICORRUPTION IN HISTORY

Anticorruption
in History
From Antiquity to the Modern Era
Edited by
RONALD KROEZE, ANDRÉ VITÓRIA
and
G. GELTNER
1
3
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Acknowledgments
Asourjourneynearsitsend,oratleastamajorportofcall,itistimetothanksome
fellowtravelers.WhatbeganwithaflashvisittoAmsterdam,somesixyearsago,by
the indefatigable Alina Mungiu-Pippidi, soon became a major research endeavor,
involvingsomeoldandmanynewcolleagues.Theircurrentthoughtsonthehistory
ofanticorruptionfillthefollowingpages,andwe,theeditors,aregratefulfortheir
enthusiasm,generosityandcollaborativespirit,aswellasforthesupportwereceived
from the ANTICORRP project in general. Several other people, whose invaluable
inputmightotherwisebeobscured,deserveourexplicitrecognition:MihályFazekas,
Philip Harling, Peter Heather, William Chester Jordan, Neil McLynn, Alexander
NützenadelandBoRothstein.OurformerAmsterdamcolleagues,MaaikevanBerkel
andJamesKennedy,madetheentireprocessespeciallypleasurableandmusteach,as
Jameswouldsurelyputit,“getthecredittheydeserve.”OxfordUniversityPressand
Stephanie Ireland dipped into somewhat unfamiliar waters with this volume, yet
brought it smoothly to completion nonetheless. The anonymous reviewers for the
Presshavebeencriticalandencouraginginequalmeasures.Ifthisvolumehasachieved
anythingbeyondthesumofitspartsalreadyatthisstage,itisinnosmallmeasurea
reflectionoftheirinsights.
R.K.(Amsterdam)
A.V.(Paris)
G.G.(Amsterdam/Stanford)
February2017

Table of Contents
ListofFiguresandIllustrations ix
ListofContributors xi
Introduction:DebatingCorruptionandAnticorruptioninHistory 1
RonaldKroeze,AndréVitóriaandG.Geltner
I. ANTIQUITY
1. CorruptionandAnticorruptioninDemocraticAthens 21
ClaireTaylor
2. FightingCorruption:PoliticalThoughtandPracticeinthe
LateRomanRepublic 35
ValentinaArena
3. TheCorruptingSea:Law,ViolenceandCompulsoryProfessions
inLateAntiquity 49
SarahE.Bond
II. THE MIDDLE AGES
4. FightingCorruptionbetweenTheoryandPractice:TheLand
oftheEuphratesandTigrisinTransition,Ninthto
EleventhCenturies 65
MaaikevanBerkel
5. LateMedievalPolitiesandtheProblemofCorruption:France,
EnglandandPortugal,1250–1500 77
AndréVitória
6. TheProblemofthePersonal:TacklingCorruptioninLater
MedievalEngland,1250–1550 91
JohnWatts
7. FightingCorruptionintheItalianCity-State:PerugianOfficers’
EndofTermAudit(sindacato)intheFourteenthCentury 103
G.Geltner
III. EARLY MODERNITY
8. “AWater-SpoutSpringingfromtheRockofFreedom”?
CorruptioninSixteenth-andEarly-Seventeenth-CenturyEngland 125
G.W.Bernard
9. ASickBody:CorruptionandAnticorruptioninEarlyModernSpain 139
FranciscoAndújarCastillo,AntonioFerosandPilarPonceLeiva
viii TableofContents
10. CorruptionandAnticorruptioninFrancebetweenthe1670sand
the1780s:TheExampleoftheProvincialAdministration
ofLanguedoc 153
StéphaneDurand
IV. FROM EARLY MODERN TO MODERN TIMES
11. CorruptionandAnticorruptionintheEraofModernityandBeyond 167
JensIvoEngels
12. AnticorruptioninSeventeenth-andEighteenth-CenturyBritain 181
MarkKnights
13. Statebuilding,EstablishingRuleofLawandFightingCorruption
inDenmark,1660–1900 197
MetteFriskJensen
14. TheParadoxof“AHighStandardofPublicHonesty”:ALong-Term
Perspective onDutchHistory 211
JamesKennedyandRonaldKroeze
15. CorruptionandAnticorruptionintheRomanianPrincipalities:
RulesofGovernance,ExceptionsandNetworks,Seventeenthto
theNineteenthCentury 225
OvidiuOlar
16. CorruptionandAnticorruptioninEarly-Nineteenth-Century
Sweden:ASnapshotoftheStateoftheSwedishBureaucracy 239
AndreasBågenholm
17. State,FamilyandAnticorruptionPractices intheLate
OttomanEmpire 251
IrisAgmon
V. MODERN AND CONTEMPORARY HISTORY
18. CorruptionandtheEthicalStandardsofBritishPublicLife:
NationalDebatesandLocalAdministration,1880–1914 267
JamesMoore
19. Lockheed(1977)andFlick(1981–1986):Anticorruptionasa
PragmaticPracticeintheNetherlandsandGermany 279
RonaldKroeze
20. CorruptioninanAnticorruptionState?EastGermanyunder
CommunistRule 293
AndréSteiner
Afterword 305
MichaelJohnston
Endnotes 311
Bibliography 389
Index 433
List of Figures and Illustrations
7.1. ProsecutionofOfficials’MalpracticebythePerugianSindaco,1332–1390 111
12.1. ThomasRowlandson,TheChampionofthePeople(1784) 195
15.1. CircuitofGraceandPowersintheRomanianPrincipalities
duringtheOttomanperiod 228
15.2. WisdomandJusticeflankthecoatofarmsofMoldavia
andWallachia 237