Anthropology from a Pragmatic Point of View

244 Pages·2006·5.52 MB·English

by  Immanuel Kant

C.L\IBRIDGE TEXTS 1:" TJ1EI IISTORY
OF PIIILOSOPHY
Sencesd ilors
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DES\10:'\D \1.C LARKE
Pmji:sos/oPri ulostotpllln tiyn T,Cioll)l'e Cgotr'J :
Them aino hjcctoif'C ca mbridTgeex tisn t hel listoofrP yh ilosoipsht yoe xpantdh e
range',ar icatn�d q ualiotfyt otsi nt heh istoorf�p hilosowphhi'c ahr ca 'ailaihnl e
EnglisThh.es eriiensc ludteesx thsyf amilniaamre s( sucahs D escaratnedsK anta)n d
alsho� l es\\sc ll-knamumt hor\s\." hcrpnocsrs ibtleex,ta src p ublisihnec do mpleatned
unabridlgie>dr amm,it ranslaatriscop nesc iaclolmym issiofnoetrdh es eriEeasc.h' olumc
contaaic nrsi tiicnatlr oducttoigoent "h ietrahg uidteof urthreera dianngd a ny ncccssar�
glossaarnidet sc \tuaaplp aratTuhse.' olumcasr cd esignleidsn t·u deunstc a tu ndcr­
t;raduaatncdp ostgradlueac\tla e n dw ilhleo fi nterneostot n I �t os tudenotfps h ilosophy,
huta lstoo a i\\d caru dienocfer eadeirn't heh istoonfs cientchee,h i tso no ft heology
andt heh istoorfiy d eas.
Fora lios/!l ilplun/J /i.,iltnll it'sele lr ipelse,a Ssten" uel o/booJ:.
IJVlMANUELK ANT
Anthropofrloomg y
a PragmaPtoiicn t
of View
TR \'-SL.\TED .\1\D EDITED BY
ROBERT B.L OUDEN
l· un:ctr�s(lSloyu\ tthacirnnt
\\!Til\1'\ 1:'\TRODLCTIOI\ BY
MANFRED KUEHN
Bostlo"rnn: icrst(J'
gCAMBRIDGE
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UNIVERSITYP RESS
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\C\h�tcisi so,r " lirle miana,c curoart earo pprpiea.t
Contents
!ntroduclion pag,e ·ii
Chronology XXX
Furthreera ding XXX!ll
Notoen t htec. ratn dt ranslation XXX\"!
AnthropoflroogamyP ragmaPtoiicn otfV iew
Preface 3
Contents 7
ParIt AnthropolDoigdiaccatlOi nct .h wea yo fc ognizing
thien tears\i Yoearls tl he ex teorfti hoer
humabne ing I3
BooIk Ont hceo gniftaicvuel ty r5
BooIkI T hef eeloifpn lge aasundrdie s pleasu1r2e5
BooIkI OIn t hfea cuolfdt evs ire 149
ParItI AnthropoloCghiacraalc terOinst thiweca .y
ofc ognitzhiienn gt eorfti hoheru man being
frotmh eex terior r3H
Index 239

AnthropoflroogmyaP ragmaPtoiicn otfV iew

Preface'
Alclu ltpurroaglr beyms esa,no sfw hicthhh eu mabne iandgv anhcieIsTs "•J I
educathiatoshn ge,o 2ao lfa pplytihnaigcs q uikrneodw leadnsgdke if lolr
thweo rluds'cBs.u t th meo sitm porotbajneitcnt t hw eo rtlodw hichhe
caanp ptlhye imts h heu mabne ing: tbheec ahuubsmeeai innhs gi osw n
fineanld- .Th eretfook rneot wh heu mabne iancgc ortdohi inssgp ecies
asa n eabretihenlngyd owweidtr he aseosnp ecdieaslelrtyvob e ecs a lled
knomleId!g(e wtohrel ed,y ctnh ouhgech o nstiotnulotyne pesa rotft he
creatouner aerst h.
Ad octorfkinnoew locfdt ghhceu mabne isnygs,t ecmaalftloiyr mulated
(anthorgoypc)oa,len x iesitt ihneap r h ysioloorig naip craalg mpaotiinct
ofv ie-wP.h ysiolkongoiwclaeoldft g hehe u mabne icnogn cetrhnes
investiogfwa htanitao tnum rea keosft hheu mabne inpgr;a gmatthiec ,
investoifwg hatahitea o sanf ree-abcetiminangkg oe fsh imsoercl afan,n d
shoumladk oef h imse-lIlf ew. h op ondenrast uprhaeln omefonra ,
exampwlhea,tt h cea usoefts h te: 1coufml etmyo ry rmeasoytn c ,a n
specublaacatkne fd o r(tlhiD kces carmtecrts h)te3r aocfei sm pressions
remaiinnti hnbegr abiunit,nd oisnohg e m usatd mtihtia ntt hpilsao yfh is
represenhteia astm ieoronebs s cnacnrmd u slten ta turruein t cso urse,
fohred ocnsok tn otwh cer annicanl-a cnfsdi benrodrso ,ch seu nderstand
hemt op utth etom u sfco hri psu rpoTshecsr.c afl(tl>h reco restpiecca­l
ulataiboontu htii assp urwea sotfte i m-e-.Huithf e u sepse rceptions
concer\n\i·hnhagbas et e fni >tou hmiln doersr t imumleamtoeir noy r dteor
enlairotgrm e a kieat g ialneid,hf e r equkinroewsl ocdftg h·ec hbuemiann g
1T heP n:E;ut:tecH on.tlcnant.ms:i !-.�iinntt !ch ! laudsdtn.:/ ,i, ·m(Se/d /w)k1. 1/ tltflt.
;S ecc... �I.) r,cafrtJci�l\SoS (l!ffi.li\t!o'S(nl / ( q(\)r.)pt.... .
3
Prc/ilcc
f(·tn hitsh,et nh iwso ulbdea p arotfa nthropwoiltaohp g rya gmatic
purpoasnetd,h i ipssr eciwsheacltoy n ceurshn esr e.
l�>olS ucahn a nthropcoolnosgiyd,aes lr .:endr nlr'�tl{hc uet> �o�rwclh di,c h
muscto maef toeursrc hooilasic ngt,un aolytle yct a lplreadg mwathieicnt
contaaincn :xst cnksnioYwcl eodftg hei nignts h weo rlfd(,e> xra mple,
animapllsa,na tnsmd,i nerfarloYsma riloaunsad nscd l imabtueotsn ,l y
\\hiectno ntkanionwsl eodftg hheeu mabne iansag itico{tJhle> ­orM
c :::.n
TherefCo\er nke n,o wleodftg here a coefhs u mabne inagsps r oducts
belontgoti hnpegl aoyfn atuirnseo �t c tc ounatspe rda gmkantoiwcl edge
oft hweo rlbdu,ot n layst heorektniocwlaelod ftg hewe o rld.
Ina ddittihoeenx ,p res"sti!.:oon nostm h weo rladn"d" thoa rteh e
\roralrdrc"a -tt hfeafrrr oema coht hientr h emiera nisnign,oc neoe n ly
understthapenl datsyh oanth ea wsa tchwehdit,lh eoe t hhearps a rticipated
ini t-.B utt haen thropoilsio nag viesrtuy n faroproasbiltfci( o>nr
judgsion-gG llinl�sc!(odhc itehteeys ,t oaftte h neo blebse;c'at uhseey
artco col otsooe n aen othbeutrto, fo a frr oomt hers.
Trarbeell otnotg hsme e anosfb roadetnhriean ngog fae n thropology,
cyeinfi ti so nltyh ree adoiftn rga bvoeolk Bsu.it of n wea nttosk now
whattol oofkoa rb roianod r,d teobr r oatdherena nogfea nthropology,
firosntem ushta vaec quikrneodw leodfhg uem abne inagths o me,
throusgohc iianlt ercwoiutrohsn ee 'tso wnsmoernc ountray men.
Withosuutca hp la(nw hiaclhr epardeys upkpnooswelse odfhg uem an
beintghsce)i tiozfte hnwe o rrledm avienrsly i miwtietrdhe gatrohd i s
anthropCoCliolgekynn.to fw leadlgweap yrse celdoeckasnl o wlehdegree ,
ift hlea titste orb eo rdearneddd irecttherdo upghhi losionpt hhye:
abseonfcw eh icahia lc quikrneodw lecdagynei enlodt hmionrge than
fragmegnrtoapriyn g aanrndoo su cnide nce.
***
Il owncarls,lu caht temtpoat rsr aitsY uec ah sciweinttchhe o roughness
11211e ncoucnotnesri ddeirffiacbultleht aairteic sn heirneh nutm anna tuirtes elf.
� duI·ll .'J.·/.o!m mcun1/1d t/ wheus. d t:cw gltllllgllrol/.ll�tcl:' l/a h1c dre.Sn t adntdlr "o rue'hlmlt.
·:'l\ a rc�iets yu cahs1-.: iinigsohnte hreg rPirreegwreh li,c ihts h cee ntoefark ingdionmw ,h icthh e
pr01 icnocuiinalcolsf t hge0 e1rn ment laorceead t", hichha as u nie1r si(tfiyc> url atitio,on ft he
scienacmei11s )h ihcahas l stoh rei glhotc atfiimo>ran r itciommem rec-ea c i1th11i chhr,w a1o f
ri1ehrasts,h a ed �;mltg<eosfc ommrecheo twhi tthh ien teorifto hrce o untarnydw itnhe ighboring
and dilsatnaodnfdts i flelraenngtu aagnedcs u stocmas1n,e1 l hle t akaesna na prpopripaltafeci e> r
hroadeonne'iskn ng0 1doedfhg uem ahnc inagsws e laslo ft h1e1 orld,t hwkihnseo lr1ee1d cgaehn e
acquiwrietdh eo1utet nr a,ding.
Prefi/Cc
Iafh umabne innogt itcheassot m eoinoseh scnh-iiman ngtd r ytinog
1.
stuhdiym h,e w ileli thaeprp eeamrb arra(ssseeldf -coannsdc ious)
cantns ohohwi msaeshl efr eailslo;yrh ed issemabnldde oscn,so t
!l'taoh/ ek1 n1o wansh ei s.
2.b ·cinhf e o nlwya nttoss tuhdiym sheelw fi�rl el aacc hr itpiocianlt ,
1
particauscl oanrclehyrni csso ndiitnai fofn'c w chti,ncohr madlolcys
noatl ld<ismsi mulatthiiaottsno s : a wyh,e tnh ien ccnatriacYc ctsih Yec ,
docnso otb schni-mcs ealnfdw, h ehne d ocosb sehrivmes etlhfe,
incenatriacvtr e ess t.
3·C ircumstoafpn lcaeacsne dt imweh,e tnh eayr cco nstant, produce
habiwthsi cahsi, ss a iadrs,ce connadt uarnemd,a kiedt i fffioctruh let
humabne itnogj udhgoew t oc onsihdiemrs heulCtfY ,C mno rdei ffi­
cutlotj udhgoewh es houflodra mni deoafo thewristw hh omh ei isn
contfaoctrth ;Ye a riaotfci oonnd itiinwo hnisct hhh eu mabne ing is
placheyhd i fsa otrei ,fh e i sa na dYcntpulraccre,s himiste lf, make
\Try dfi(faltnrit churlotpt oorl iotsgoety h rea nokfa f ormsacli ence.
Finawlhliynl,oe et x acstoluyr fcoearsn throptohleoasgrenyc n, c r-
thclaeisdsws o:r lhdi stboiroyg,r anphcinpe lsa,ay nsd n oYcFlosr.
althotuhgleha tttweoar r nco atc tubaaldslo eyn e xperiaenndtc reu th,
huotn loyni nYcnatniwdoh ni,hl eert ehe ex aggeorfac thiaornaa cntde rs
situaitnwi hoinchshu mabne inagrpscl acieasdl lowaesid if,n a d ream,
thuasp peatrois nhgo uws n othcionngc erknnionwgl eodfhg uem an
bein-gyse te vesno i,n s ucchh aracatsae rrcss ketchhyea d
Richarodras M oonl ictrheme,a 7i/ nai:teusmr ushta vbee etna kferno m
thoeh scn·oaftt hireoe naa lc tioofhn usm abne infgoswr:h itlhee ayr c
exaggeirnad teegdrt ehee,my u st neYcrthcletsoh su mcaonr respond
natuirnke i nd.
Ana nthropworliotgftyre onam p ragmaptoiiocnf tY ictwh aits
systemadteisciagalnnleydyde p to pu(ltahrr oruegfhe rteoen xcaem ples
whiccahhn e f ouhnyde verreya dyeire)al nda sd vanft(at)ghrere e ading
publtihcce:o mpletoefnt ehshese adiunngdsew rh icthh iosrt hat
ohscrhYucmdaq nu aloifpt rya ctrieclaclYc aanhnce sc u bsuomfefde 11 r22s[
" seinm /.uismt alnfJ/ i('orA",·h ti esm otiocnodanilt ion").
7 SamueRli chardJsio>nH,<J1 -E:1n 7g1l>wirsiht wehrso ee pistonlo·a,eril\ns c lPuadmee loar;I i rtlll'
Rnl'ar(J1 ,7•�Ja0 n) dCl ariosrst.ah .e1 /istoo(la}y · oun!g. ad()7\• iO s1.7,� 7-17J�eSa)n.- Baptiste
Poquc.\lloilni i1·! 1r2c·2,I1 >7F.J:r ench p!a.utt.h\oo ftr" h creo imgehdt7i,ie tsrt uf/da n1dT6 h1eq )
.1/isan(t1h1 r>o1p>e1 >).
5