Anthony Kenny book 4

364 Pages·2007·5.45 MB·English

Philosophy in the Modern World
This page intentionally left blank
A NEW HISTORY OF WESTERN PHILOSOPHY
volume iv
Philosophy in the Modern World
anthony
kenny
:
CLARENDON PRESS OXFORD
3
GreatClarendonStreet,Oxfordox26dp
OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford.
ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship,
andeducationbypublishingworldwidein
Oxford NewYork
Auckland CapeTown DaresSalaam HongKong Karachi
KualaLumpur Madrid Melbourne MexicoCity Nairobi
NewDelhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto
WithoYcesin
Argentina Austria Brazil Chile CzechRepublic France Greece
Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore
SouthKorea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam
OxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPress
intheUKandincertainothercountries
PublishedintheUnitedStates
byOxfordUniversityPressInc.,NewYork
(cid:1)SirAnthonyKenny2007
Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted
DatabaserightOxfordUniversityPress(maker)
Firstpublished2007
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,
storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans,
withoutthepriorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress,
orasexpresslypermittedbylaw,orundertermsagreedwiththeappropriate
reprographicsrightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproduction
outsidethescopeoftheaboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment,
OxfordUniversityPress,attheaddressabove
Youmustnotcirculatethisbookinanyotherbindingorcover
andyoumustimposethesameconditiononanyacquirer
BritishLibraryCataloguinginPublicationData
Dataavailable
LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData
Dataavailable
TypesetbySPIPublisherServices,Pondicherry,India
PrintedinGreatBritain
onacid-freepaperby
BiddlesLtd,King’sLynn,Norfolk
ISBN 978–0–19–875279–0
1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2
To the memory of Georg Henrik von Wright
This page intentionally left blank
SUMMARY OF CONTENTS
Contents ix
Introduction xiii
1. Bentham to Nietzsche 1
2. Peirce to Strawson 34
3. Freud to Derrida 72
4. Logic 97
5. Language 121
6. Epistemology 144
7. Metaphysics 169
8. Philosophy of Mind 192
9. Ethics 220
10. Aesthetics 250
11. Political Philosophy 269
12. God 291
Chronology 319
Abbreviations and Conventions 321
Bibliography 327
List of Illustrations 335
Index 339
This page intentionally left blank
CONTENTS
Introduction xiii
1. Bentham to Nietzsche 1
Bentham’s Utilitarianism 1
The Development of John Stuart Mill 5
Schopenhauer’s Philosophy of the Will 13
Ethics and Religion in Kierkegaard 16
Dialectical Materialism 18
Darwin and Natural Selection 24
John Henry Newman 28
Nietzsche 30
2. Peirce to Strawson 34
C. S. Peirce and Pragmatism 34
The Logicism of Frege 37
Psychology and Pragmatism in William James 43
British Idealism and its Critics 47
Russell on Mathematics, Logic, and Language 50
Wittgenstein’s Tractatus 54
Logical Positivism 58
Wittgenstein’s Later Philosophy 60
Analytic Philosophy after Wittgenstein 63
3. Freud to Derrida 72
Freud and Psychoanalysis 72
Husserl’s Phenomenology 78
The Existentialism of Heidegger 83
The Existentialism of Sartre 87
Jacques Derrida 90
4. Logic 97
Mill’s Empiricist Logic 97
Frege’s Refoundation of Logic 100