Table Of Content© Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiemzenutrums.ateum
KOENIG
I
A) ti
BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE
MONOGRAPHIEN
2007
Herausgeber: Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Bonn
Y
Andrei Utevsky
ANTARCTIC
PISCICOLID
LEECHES
10mm
i
0s
^ O» Ctc ? <W
Leibniz
Gemeinschaft
© Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at
BONNER ZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN
Schriftleitung/ Editor
Karl-L. Schuchmann
Zoologisches ForschungsmuseumAlexander Koenig (ZFMK)
Ornithologie
Adenauerallee 160
D-53113 Bonn, Germany
Email: [email protected]
Die Reihe BONNERZOOLOGISCHE MONOGRAPHIEN (BZM) erscheint seit 1971 in regelmäßiger
Folge. PubliziertwerdenOriginalbeiträgeinenglischerSprache. DieBZMnehmenvorallemsolcheArbeiten
auf,diezuumfangreichsind, uminderZeitschriftBONNERZOOLOGISCHEBEITRÄGEzuerscheinen.
SchwerpunktederBZMsind:Systematik,Taxonomie,Biogeographie,AnatomieundEvolutionsbiologie.Alle
eingereichtenManuskriptewerdenbegutachtet.Autorenwerdengebeten,sichvorManuskriptvorlagemitdem
Schriftleiter inVerbindungzu setzen.
ErwerbderBZM:Bibliothek,ZoologischesForschungsmuseumAlexanderKoenig(ZFMK),Adenauerallee 160,
D-53113 Bonn, Germany.
Thepeer-reviewedseriesBONNERZOOLOGISCHEMONOGRAPHIEN (BZM)hasexistedsince 1971.
The BZM consist oforiginal zoology papers too long for inclusion in our institute's journal BONNER
ZOOLOGISCHE BEITRÄGE. Preferredmanuscripttopicsare: systematics, taxonomy, biogeography, ana-
tomy, andevolutionarybiology. ManuscriptsmustbeinAmericanEnglish.Authorsarerequestedtocontact
theeditorpriorto manuscriptsubmittal.
The BZM maybe obtained from:The Library,A. Koenig-Zoological Research Institute andMuseum of
Zoology,Adenauerallee 160, D-53113 Bonn, Germany.
Authorofthis issue:AndreiY. Utevsky
Published: November 2007
Bonnerzoologische Monographien Nr. 54, 80 pp.
Editorial assistants ofthis issue: Angela Schmitz Ornes, Brian Hillcoat
Cover: Moorebdellina biannuLzta, external and internal structure. A. Y. Utevsky.
Price: EUR36,-
© Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at
Andrei Y Utevsky
ANTARCTIC PISCICOLID LEECHES
© Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Bonn
© Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at
9
© Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at
UTEVSKY,ANTARCTICP1SCICOLIDLEECHES
CONTENTS
Abstract 5
Acknowledgments 6
Glossaryofspecial terms
1. Introduction 9
2. HistoryofthestudyofAntarcticleeches 0
]
3. Morphologyandanatomyofpiscicolid leeches 12
Proportions ofthebody 12
Suckers 12
Trachelosome 12
Urosome 12
Digestivesystem 15
Reproductivesystem 15
Male reproductivesystem 15
Femalereproductivesystem 15
Coelomicsystem 16
4. Biologyofpiscicolid leeches 22
5. Collection andpreservation 26
6. Systematicpart 27
Classification ofthe FamilyPiscicolidae 27
Keyto the Subfamiliesofthe FamilyPiscicolidae 28
"SubfamilyPontobdellinae" 28
Keyto theAntarcticGeneraofthe "SubfamilyPontobdellinae" 28
GenusPontobdella 28
GenusMoorebdellina 30
GenusMegaliobdella 39
"SubfamilyPlatybdellinae" 40
Keyto theAntarcticGeneraofthe "SubfamilyPlatybdellinae" 40
GenusEpsteinia 41
GenusAustrobdella 42
GenusPleurobdella 46
Genus Glyptonotobdella -4
Genus Cryobdella 52
"SubfamilyPiscicolinae" 60
Keyto theAntarcticGeneraofthe "SubfamilyPiscicolinae" 60
Genus Trachelobdellina 60
Genus Tmlliobdella 63
Genus Galatheabdella 69
Genus Trachelobdella
GenusNototheniobdella
7. References
8. Index 79
3
© Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at
© Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at
UTFVSKY,ANTARCTICPISCICOLIDLEECHES
ABSTRACT
Fish leeches (Piscicolidae) occur in continental fresh waters and in marine habitats. Some members ofthe
familyare restricted to the southern ocean onlyand have not been recorded from other parts ofthe world.
ThismonographisfocusedonthisgroupofannelidstosummarizetheexistingknowledgeofAntarcticleeches.
Atpresent21 speciesbelongingto 13generaand3 "subfamilies"havebeenrecordedfromtheAntarctic Seas.
Mostofthemwerecharacterizedand illustrated usingauniformstandard, which, in particular, includes the
map ofgeographical distribution and a photograph. Based on the detailed descriptions, identification keys
werecomposed. Hostdataweresummarized in thelistofall known hosts and tableswith infestation rates.
Key words: Antarctica, Hirudinea, Pisicolidae, Pontobdella, Moorebdellina, Megaliobdella, Epsteinia, Austro-
bdella,Pleurobdella, Glyptonotobdella, Cryobdella, Trachelobdellina, Trulliobdella, Galatheabdella, Trachelobdeila,
Nototheniobdella, identification key.
© Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at
BONNERZOOLOGISCHEMONOGRAPHIENNr.54/2007
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Icouldnothavewrittenthismonographwithoutthehelpofmycolleaguesandfriends.Myinterestinleeches
is due to V. M. Epshtein, the advisor ofmy PhD research. I am grateful to manyzoologists and parasito-
logistswhocollectedandsentspecimensofAntarcticleechestome.TheyincludeA.F.Pushkin,A.B.Neelov,
LS. Smirnov,E.N. Gruzov,S. Potin, B.I. Sirenko (ZoologicalInstitute, St. Petersburg, Russia),V.V.Avdeev
(PacificResearchInstituteofFisheriesandOceanogreaphy,Vladivostok,Russia),A.A.Kovaleva,G.N.Rodiuk
(AtlanticPacificResearchInstituteofFisheriesandOceanogreaphy,Kaliningrad,Russia),V.N.Ljadov(Research
InstituteofBiologyofSouthern Seas, Sevastopol, Ukraine). H. H.JanssengavemeaspecimenofGlyptono-
tobdellaantarctica and his informative letters helped me in understanding the biologyofAntarctic leeches.
Stephano Chiaparelly (University ofGenoa, Italy) gave me avery rich collection ofAntarctic leeches with
unique specimens orMegaliobdellaszidati. I amverygrateful to thosewho have given permission to repro-
duce copyrightmaterial: R.T. Sawyer (Biopharm (UK) Ltd.), E. M. Burreson (VirginiaInstituteofMarine
Science,GloucesterPoint,USA)andAmericanGeophysicalUnionthroughMichaelConnolly.Specialthanks
gotoV.V.Murina(ResearchInstituteofBiologyofSouthernSeas,Sevastopol,Ukraine)andA.VKorniushin
(Schmalhausen Institute ofZoology, Kyiv, Ukraine) for useful criticisms and a good piece ofadvice. I am
extremelygratefultoV M. Nazarov, formerHeadoftheDepartmentofZoologyandAnimalEcology,V.N.
KarazinKharkivNationalUniversity,Kharkiv,forhissupportinwritingthisbook.Mybrother,SergeUtevsky
(DepartmentofZoologyandAnimalEcology,V.N. KarazinKharkivNationalUniversity,Kharkiv,Ukraine),
an expert inArctic leeches, mywife OlgaUtevskaya (Department ofGenetics and Cytology, V. N. Karazin
KharkivNational University, Kharkiv, Ukraine) readdrafts ofthe textand providedvaluable criticisms.
Mymother,LidiyaUtevskaya,myson,Yuriy,gavemethefreedomandpeaceofmindtospendlonghours
in front ofjournalsand computerscreens.
ThisresearchwassupportedinpartbytheNationalAntarcticScientificCenterofMinistryofEducation
and Science ofUkraine and the SocietyforUnderwaterActivity (Kharkiv, Ukraine).
6
© Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at
UTEVSKY,ANTARCTICPISCICOLIDLEECHES
GLOSSARYOF SPECIALTERMS
Accessory-connection[Ac]:transversecoelomicchannelconnectingthetesticularlacunaewiththedorsaland/or
ventrallacunae
Accessor}"glands Ag. glandularcellscoveringtheexternalsurfaceofposteriorpartsofthemalereproductive
;
system
Body B_: the trachelosome and liposome without - ... .:•
Clitellum [CI]: aposteriorpartofthetrachelosomewithgonopores on theventralsurface
Conductivetissue Ct : apar: orrr.eremalereproductivesystemservingforstoringandpassingspermatozoids
to ovisacs; presentinformofamass [Ctm] and/orcorda [Ctc]
Copulatoryarea[Ca]: externalorinternal, themodifiedventralsurfaceoftheclitellumaroundoneorboth
gonopores, ormodifiedinternalsurfaceofthecopulatorybursa
Copulatorybursa [Cb]: anonpairedterminalpartofthe male reproductivesystemterminatingat the male
gonopore
Crop [CJ: apartofthe digestivesysteminthe testicularregionofthe urosome
Crop chambers Cc_: dilations or the crop betweentestisacs
Crop region [Cr]: apartofthe urosomepossessingthecrop
Dorsal lacuna _DE: a longitudinal coelomic channel possessing the dorsalvessel [Dv]
Ejaculatory ducts atrium Eda parts or the male reproductive system between seminal reservoirs and the
L
copulatorybursaincludingpairedinitial [Ip], andterminal [Tp] parts, and nonpairedcommonpart [Cp]
Esophageal diverticula _Epd~: lateral dilation ofthe esophagus
Esophagus [Ep]: partofthedigestivesystemlocatedbetweenproboscis andcrop
Eye-like spots Els, light-sensitive pigmentedareasonthedorsal surfaceoftheanteriorsucker
:
Eye uEj: several integrated optic cells in Pigment cap forming small symmetrical plentert: m- :: :m- a r-a.
surfaceoftheanteriorsuckerandfirstannuliofthetrachelosome
Intestine [I]: apartofthedigestivesystemextendingfromtheCrop to theAnus [A]
Intestinal region Ir : a partoftheurosomepossessingtheintestine, therectumandposteriorcrop caeca
Lateral lacunae -.lAr. paired longitudinal coelomic channels located under the muscularlayeron both sides
ofthebody
Lateralprocesses [Lp]: lateraldilationsofthecrop, intestinalchambers andposteriorcrop caeca
Main connection [Mc]: apartofthecoelomicsystemintheganglion region [Gr] ofsomite
Marginal flanges _Mf]: externallaterallylocatedfin-likefolds
Marginal lacunae "ME: paireci longitudinalsubepidermalcoelomicchannels on bothsides ofthe body
Mouth-pore "Mp~: aperture throughwhich the proboscis everts
Ocelli [O]: smallpigmentcells onthedorsalsurfaceofsuckers, andthedorsum andtheventerofthebody
Oviducts [Od]: partsofthefemalereproductivesystemcommunicatingovisacswiththevagina
Ovisacs Os^: >PeciaiizeP parr of tine coelomic system with oogenic
Papillae "Pp]: smalltuberclesonthedorsalsurfaceoftheanteriorsuckerandthe body
Posteriorcropcaeca lastcropdiverticula) [Pec]:elongatedprocessesofthe6thcropchambernumberdirecting
posteriorly
Preclitellum [Pcj: first 3 somites ofthe trachelosome betweentheanteriorsuckerand theclitellum region
Proboscis [P]: an initialmuscularpartofthe digestivesystemevertingthrough the mouth-pore
Pulsatilevesicles [Pvj: segmental subepidermalmuscularcoelomicdilations on bothsides ofthe body
Rectal dilation [Rd[ adilationoftheterminalpartofthe intestine (rectum [R])
:
Seminal reservoirs epididymis [St]: paired parts of the male reproductive system communicating 15
deferentiaandinitialparts ofejaculatoryducts
Sucker (anterior [As], posterior [Ps]): musculardiscs formedbysome fusedsomites
Tentacles [T]: largeprojectionsonthedorsalsurfaceoftheanteriorsucker
© Biodiversity Heritage Library, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/; www.zoologicalbulletin.de; www.biologiezentrum.at
BONNERZOOLOGISCHEMONOGRAPHIENNr.54/2007
Testicularlacuna [Tl]: partofthe coelomic system surroundingtestisacs
Testisacs [Ts]: isolatedpartsofthecoelomfilledbyspermatogenictissue, indicatedthetesticularregion [Tr]
ofsomite
Trachelosome [T]: first6 somites ofthe bodyincludingpreclitellarandclitellarregions ofthebody
Tubercles [Tub]: projections on thedorsal surfaceofthesuckers andon thebody
Urosome [U]: apartofthe bodybetween thetrachelosome andtheposteriorsucker
Vagina[V]:anonpairedstructureofthefemalereproductivesystemcommunicatingwithoviductsandopening
bythegonoporeon theventralsurfaceoftheclitellum
Vasadeferentia [Vd]: apairchannelconnectingavasaefferentiawithaseminal reservoir(apartofthemale
reproductive system)
Vasaefferentia[Ve]:achannelconnectingeachtestisacwithavasadeferentia(apartofthemalereproductive
system)
Ventral lacuna [VI]: a longitudinal coelomic channel possessing the nerve cord [Nc] and theventralvessel
[Vv]
8
