Table Of ContentANNOTATED
CHECKLIST OF THE VASCULAR FLORA OF THE LOBLOLLY UNIT
OF THE
THICKET NATIONAL
BIG PRESERVE, LIBERTY COUNTY, TEXAS
MacRoberts
Barbara
R.
Larry Brown and Michael MacRoberts
H.
E.
Herbarium, Spring Branch Science Center Bog
Research,
Museum
of
Sciences
Life
i,
[email protected]
Louisiana State University in Shreveport
Shreveport, Louisiana, 71
U.S.A.
15,
1
Warren W. Pruess and Sandra Suzanne Birmingham Walker
Elsik
I.
Department of Ecology and Azimuth
Forestry Services, Inc
Evolutionary Biology 14671 Highway 87 South
State
Rice University Texas 75973
Shelbyville, U.S.A.
Houston, Texas 77005,
U.S.A.
INTRODUCTION
This paper is the 6th part of an inventory, based on available voucher specimens, of the vascular flora of the
Big Thicket National Preserve in southeastern Texas. In 5 previous papers, we provided annotated
checklists
of the Hickory Creek, Turkey Creek, Big Sandy Creek, Lance Rosier, and Beech Creek units (MacRoberts
et
al.
Brown
2002; et 2005, 2006a, 2006b, 2008). At this time, the Menard Creek Unit has been inventoried, and
al.
a paper is anticipated in the near future. Here, we provide an annotated checklist of the Loblolly Unit.
AND METHODS
SITE
The
Big Thicket located in the West Gulf Coastal Plain in southeastern Texas Diggs 2006
is (see et al. for
and
Peacock
literature description). (1994) reported 12 units for the Big Thicket National Preserve. Since
then the Big Sandy Creek Corridor (1,798 hectares), the Canyonlands (350 hectares), and Village Creek
Corridor (2,059 hectares) have been added. The addition of these 3 units has added 4,207 hectares to the
34,000 reported by Peacock in 1994. However, Deanna Boensch, Big Thicket ecologist comm.),
fire (pers.
now
indicated the total hectares are 40,088. The units range from 222 to 10,000 hectares and are scattered
over 7 Texas counties. The Loblolly Unit consists of 222 hectares in Liberty County (Fig. 1). It is located on
the Beaumont formation on Aldine-Aris/Gyron-Aldine, Vamont, and Waller and topographically
soils, is
flat, and poorly drained with very slow permeability (Deshotels 1978; Aronow 1981; Shelby et 1992;
al.
Griffith 1996). Elevation about 30 meters. After heavy rain standing water present in the flatwoods
is falls, is
for extended periods of time. The Unit consists of basically plant community complex: Floodplain and/
1
&
Hardwood common
or Flatland Marks Harcombe
Forest, a association in the area (Ajilvsgi 1979; 1981;
Bezanson
2000).
2006). However, others have questioned this interpretation maintaining that has always been Flatland
al.
it
&
Hardwood although may have been (Harcombe Marks Our
Forest cleared in the past 1979). study of
it
the Loblolly Unit found no prairie species or any remnant prairie habitat. Therefore, the flora is clearly a
& &
Hardwood (Harcombe Marks Marks Harcombe
Flatland Forest 1979; 1981).
Like units of the Big Thicket National Preserve, the Loblolly Unit has not previously been the subject
all
of a detailed floristic inventory.
known
Because our purpose is to produce a list of taxa to occur on the Loblolly Unit, a vouchered
A
specimen was considered to be the only evidence acceptable for inclusion in the total of 471 herbarium
list.
specimens form the data for this report. All specimens have been annotated by Larry Brown.
Brown
Larry collected 277 specimens during 11 days from 5 August 1978 14 June 2008. The
field to
2 8
1
Brown
et al., Vascularflora of the Loblolly Unit, Big Thicket 1483
MacRoberts' collected 127 specimens during 5 field days from 30 July 2007 to 18 May 2008. Sandra
Elsil*
and Warren
Pruess collected 35 specimens during 2007. Susan Walker 23 specimens on 22
collected Octobei
Watson
2007. Geraldine collected 9 specimens over several years in the late 1970s and early 1980s.
most
In nomenclature
cases, follows Jones Kartesz and Diggs
et al. (1997); (1999); et (2006). In cases
al.
of multiple collections, no more than 4 are listed for each taxon.
RESULTS
The
following is an annotated list of the Loblolly Unit taxa. Abbreviations used are given below.
GW
= Geraldine Watson. Her specimens TAES.
are
at
LB
= Larry Brown. His specimens with numbers TAES
collection above 29,000 are and those few
at
with numbers below 29,000 SBSC.
are
at
MM
= Barbara and Michael MacRoberts. Their specimens TAES.
are
at
SEWP
= Sandra and Warren
Elsik Pruess. Their specimens TAES.
are
at
SH
= Shawn
Harper, grandson
of LB.
SW
= Susan Walker. Her specimens TAES.
are
at
MM
&
Hygrophila lacustris (Schlecht. Cham.) Nees, 32266 Arisaema triphyllum Schott, 8004
(L.)
M
Justicia ovata (Walter) Lindau var. lanceolata (Chapm.) R.W.
A ™is*«»
MM
Long, LB 32200, 29281, 29298; 7930
MM
Ruellia caroliniensis Gmel.) Steud, LB 29318;
82:
(J.F.
Arecaceae
LBSH 33675
5abal minor (Jacq PerS LB 3241 5
')
Aceraceae "
MM
SEWP Aristolochiaceae
3044; 7906, 8094
..,
MM
Acmella
oppositifolia (Lam.) Jansen, LB 32206; 7<
MM
Ambrosia trifida L, LB 32431; 7975
Centellaerecta(U)
Fernal-
MM
7998
tlimifolia L,
Chaerophyllum
Hook,
tainturieri
v
Conoclinium coelestinum DC, LB 32269
(L.)
SEWP
3044
\
MM
Coreopsis tinctoha Nutt, LB 32261; 7926
MM
Ecliptaprostrata L, 7934, 801 LB 5849
(L.) 0;
*Cyclospermum
leptophyllum Sprague
(Pers.)
MM
Elephantopus
carolinianus Raeusch., LB 32425; 7
MM
Eiephantopus tomentosus LB 32414; 801
L,
Cynosciadium digitatum DC, LB 32202
MM
LB 32274, 3241
-Jifolia (L.) Raf., 3; £
Eryngium prostratum Nutt. ex DC, LB 32187
^3m^
MM
HHyyddrrooccoottyyllee vveerrttiicciilllaltaataTJhhuunnbb..,, LLBB 332211 9933,, 2299:323; 791 MM
Small 7999
Limnosciadiumpumilum & &
(Engelm. A. Gray) Mathias Cons-
Eupatohum
serotinum Michx., LB 32284
Euthamia leptocephala (Torr. & A. Gray) Greene ex
LB 32290
Britton,
Gamochaeta SEWP
pensylvanicum 3030
Cabrera,
(Willd.)
Trachelospermum difforme (Walter) A. Gray LB 3241 Gamochaeta purpurea Cabrera, LBSH 33305, 33488
(L.)
amarum
•lenium Rock amarum, LB 32265; Mlv
(Raf.) var.
7902
Chambers
gia cespitosa LBSh
(Raf.) K.L. var. cespitosa,
33292
33666
1
Pluchea camphorata DC, LB 32426; 8002
(L.)
SW
SEWP
Cornus florida L, 3005; 45; LBSH 33672
1
SW
Cornus foemina LB 29320, 29304; 38
Mill.,
1
Pyrrhopappuspauciflorus (D. Don) DC, LB 29309a Nyssa biflora Walter, LB 32304; LBSH 33301
MM
MM
Solidago altissima L, 7976 Nyssa sylvatica Marsh., LB 29306; 8085; LBSH 3:
Solidago rugosa Mill. var. asper (Aiton) Female 32293;
Penthorum
sedoides LB 32433,
L,
MM
& Cayaponia quinqueloba Shinners,
Symphyotrichum Love 8099 (Raf.)
lateriflorum Love, 5
(L.)
Symphyotrichum racemosum Nesom, 32270
LB
(Elliott)
MM
7908
Vernonia missurica
Raf., 33504
H
*Youngiajapomca DC, LBSH 33308 MM
(L.) a Dewey, 8233
&
CarexcomplanataTorn Hook., LB 32248
Carex carolinianaScbwe\r\., LBSH 33293
Podophyllum peltatum
L.
Carexcherokeensis Schwein., LBSH 33289
SEWP
Carexcrus-corvi Shutlew. ex Kunze, LB 32189; 302:
Carexdebilis Michx., LB 32246
Carexflaccosperma Dewey, LBSH 33487
MM
Carexfrankii Kunth, LB 321 2931 7927, 8230
91
9;
,
Carex intumescens Rudge, LBSH 33485
MM
Carexjoori L H. Bailey, LB 32277, 3724; 7996
MM
a LB 29296, 29300, 3241 79<
Bailey,
9;
LBSH 33287
1 Bailey) Small,
Carex triangularis Boeck., LBSH 33285, 33481 LB 29324
;
32186,3
MM
*Heliotropium indicum L, 81 00
Heliotropium procumbens LB 29312, 5852
Mill.,
Bockeler, LB
s 3
a Engelm., LBSH 33297
I59
MM
Cyperus erythrorhizos Muhl., 8005 b
MM
Cyperus ochraceusVahl, 7977
Cyperus pseudovegetus LB 32283, 3231
Steud.,
Cyperus virens Michx., LB 32247
SW
usneoides 37
Tillandsia L,
(L.)
1
LBSH 33668
//'Steud.,
8022
1
Polypremum procumbens L, LB 32437 a (Kunth) Roem. & Schult, LB 32285
SEWP
32267; 3024
Campanulaceae
i
MM
MM *Fimbristylis miliacea Vahl, 8089
(L.)
Lobe/id cardinalis L, 8009; LB 14856
Isolepis carinata Hook. & Am. ex Torn, LBSH 33299
MM
+Kyilingapumiia Michx., LB 32258, 7501a; 7987, 8080
1
Rhynchospora caduca LB 32286, 32307, 321 321 92
Elliott, 96,
MM
Rhynchospora corniculata (Lam.) A. Gray; LB 32245;
7922
Rhynchospora glomerata Vahl, LB 32301, 32317; LBSH
(L.)
33678
Rhynchospora inexpansa (Michx.) Vahl, LB 32201; LBSH
33674
LB 29295; LBSH 33480
fa Britton,
.,LB32212;SW132
32423
Scleria oligantha Michx., LB
Scleria triglomerata Michx., LB 29286
pseudocaudatum
(Clute)
r.
7 5 5
1
Brown
et al., Vascular flora of the Loblolly Unit, Big Thicket
MM
(Michx.) Schott, 8095;
I
29284
LB
LB 29294
arshall,
Acalypha gracilens A. Gray, LB 32308
Walter, LB 3241 1,33132
is/s
Juncus
validus Coville,
L
MM
'Phyllanthus urinaria L, 791
MM
*Triadica sebiferum Small, LB 32268; 7905
(L.)
MM
09
ssin Durazz., 81
/ 8000
/1
GW
Centrosema
virginianum (L) Benth., 21 56 GW MM
Lycopus virginicus L, 2086; 8072
GW
Desmodium
glabellum (Michx.) DC., 215
Micromeria brownei
Benth.
(Sw.)
LBSH 33494
SEWP
LB32207; 3037
MM
*Medicago 8228
lupulina L,
29308
Prunella vulgaris L, LB
*Trifolium campestre Schreb., LBSH 33291
SEWP
3040
Salvia lyratal.,
LBSH 33283
'pens L,
Scutellaria integrifolia L, LB 32287
iana Nutt. subsp. ludovidana, LBS!
Stachys tenuifolia Willd., LB 32190, 32260;
33669
Quercusa/fc>aL.,MM8101
MM
Quercus falcata Michx., 81 03, 8093
:t.)Nees,SEWP3014;MM7
Quercus laurifolia Michx., LB 32275a
MM
Quercus michauxii Nutt, LB 29283; 791
SEWP
MM 3010
(L)Britton,
Quercus nigra L, 8084, 8092; LB 32275
Quercus phelios LB 32250, 29290
L,
SW
Quercus shumardii Buckley, 35 32439
LB
1
MM
SW
+Quercus
velutina Lam., 8083, 8090;
1
33677
Gelsemium SEWP
on 301
f,
Mitreola petiolata Gmel.)
Torr. Gray,
(J. F.
\. L
SW
7931; 155
Lygodiumjaponicum SEWP
(Thunb. ex Murray) LB 2931
Sw.,
6;
Magnolia
grandiflon
Malvaceae
SEWP
Modiola caroliniana Don,
G. 3
(L.)
MM
MM Sida rhombifolia L, LB 32294; 7970
Hypericum
hypericoides Crantz, LB 293 791
(L.) 5;
1
MM
Hypericum mutilum LB 32299; 8087
L,
Triadenum
walteri G. Gmel.) Gleason, LB 2929I 7978
(J. :
MM
MM
Moms
8237
Rose, rubra 7903
L,
//
33287
//(Baker) Brackett,
Myricaceae
Morella cerifera Small,
(L.) 5
SEWP
isulatum Bicknell, LB 29311; 3026;
E.P.
2 8
Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 2(2)
+*Echinochloa colonum
(L.) Li
*Eleusineindica Gaertn.,
IV
(L.)
Elymus virginicus L, LB 32203;
GW
&
Eragrostis hypnoides (Lam.) B Sterns Poggenb.,
i,
2168
GW
SW
Leersia lenticularis Michx., 21 62; LB 32204; 58
1
Ludwigia d
32208
Willd, LB
Ludwigia glandulosa LB 3221
Walter,
Oplismenus hirtellus Beauv. subsp. setarius (Lam.) K
(L.) P.
Ludwigia LB 32438
hirtella Raf.,
GW MM
Ekman, LBSH 33670
231 8067;
3;
Panicum anceps Michx., LB 32300, 3231
LB 32194
Elliott,
MM
.)
Panicum dichotomiflorum Michx., 8076
t,GW2399
MM
Panicum gymnocarpon LB 5595, 32428; 792
Elliott,
SEWP
Oenothera speciosa Nutt, 3035
Panicum LBSH 33503
rigidulum Nees,
MM
*Paspalum dilatatum LB 32409; 7974
Poir.,
+Paspalum conjugatum LB 32303
Bergius,
P.J.
Paspalum laeve Michx. var. laeve, LB 32440
Paspalum notatum Flugge, LB 32273
Paspalum praecox Walter, LB 32302
Paspalum repens Bergius, LB 7502
P.J.
1
Paspalum setaceum Michx., LB 3231
Passifloraceae
*Paspalum LBSH 33497
Steud.,
urvillei
MM
Passiflora incarnata L, LB 32298; 8098 MM
Phalarisangusta Nees LBSH 33498; 8235
exTrin.,
LB 32253
Passiflora luteal.,
*Poa annua LBSH 33294
L,
SW
Saccharum giganteum 147
(Walter)
Pers.,
GW
2324
*Sacciolepis indica Chase,
(L.)
Setaria parviflora Kerguelen, LB 32209
(Poir.)
Sphenopholis obtusata (Michx.) Scribn., LBSH 33500
Platanus occidentalism 32420; 33
Polypodiaceae
&
Agrostis hyemalis (Walter) Britton, Sterns Poggenb., LBSH
Andrews & Windham
Pleopeltis polypodioides subsp.
E.B.
(L.)
michauxiana (Weatherby) Andrews & Windham,
E.B.
Axonopus Kuhlmann,
(Raddi) LB 32314, 32303a;
fissifolius
GW2177
Axonopus furcatus (Flugge) A. Hitchc, LB 32427
S.
SEWP
*Anagallis arvensis L, LB 29322; 3036
L
*Bromusjaponicus Thunb. ex Murray, LB 32181 Samolus valerandi subsp. parviflorus (Raf.) H^ 293
1 3,
GW
Chasmanthium laxum 2314 32182;SEWP3018;MM7920
(L) H.O. Yates,
Dichanthelium acuminatum Gould &
(Sw.) C.A. Clark
\
acuminatum, LB 29301a, 32320
Dichanthelium acuminatum Gould &
(Sw.) C.A. Clark var.
i
&
dheimeri (Nash) Gould C.A. Clark, LBSH 33489
Berchemia scandens 29321, 32322;
commutatum comn
Dichanthelium Gould
subsp.
(Schult.) (
tatum, LB 29287, 32422; LBSH 33679
Dicnanmenum aichotomum Gould
(L)
:
MM
MM
LB 29301; 7988
Crataegus marshallii EggL, 8097
Dichanthelium dichotomum Gould
(L) Crataegus opaca Hook. & Am. ex Hook., LB 32282, 29
&
(Muhl. ex Freckmann Lelong, LB 32197, 32257,
Elliott) 29307
32323; LBSH 33478 SW
SEWP
*Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke, 3033; 54
1
Dichanthelium laxiflorum (Lam.) Gould, LB 32435 SEWP
Prunus serotina Ehrh. var serotina, 301 LBSH 33'
2;
MM
Dichanthelium ovale Gould &C.A. Clark subsp. SEWP
( Elliott) Rubus argutus Link, LB 32280, 3023, 3007; 79
simum Freckmann &
(Nash) Lelong, LB 32321
SEWP
Dichanthelium sphaerocarpon Gould
3020;
(Elliott)
,
LBSH 33491
2
;
a of the Loblolly Unit, Big Thicket
MM
Diodia virginiana L, LB 32259; 791
SEWP
*Galium aparine 3046 SW
L, LBSH
29282; 33300;
3
Galium tinctorium L, LBSH 33304, 33306
Houstonia pusilia Schoepf., LBSH 33283a
Mitchella repens L, LB 2931
(Desv.) Morton, LB 29281a, 32185;
7
I
Ulmus americana LB 32249; SEWP 300
L,
Bacopo
monnieri Penn., LB 32262;
(L.) IV
SEWP
Gratiola virginiana L, LB 31 938;
3'
Leucospora
multifida (Michx.) Nutt, LB
MM
Boehmeria
cylindrica Sw., LB 5595; 7
MM (L.)
7969
Valerianaceae
Valerianella radiata (L) Dufr., LBSH 33286
MM
Mecardonia acuminata
7972
(Walter) Small,
Verbenaceae
MM
Mecardonia procumbens SEWP
Small, 3029; 791 MM
(Mill.)
9, Callicarpa americana L LB 32281 7898
7971 MM
Phyla nodiflora Greene, 7929
(L.)
"
Micranthemum umbrosum " 1
Gmel.)
Blake,
(J.F. S.F.
LBSH 33667
I,
MM
SW
Mimulus
alatus Aiton, 7932; 143 MM
Verbena scabra Vahl, 7981
Verbena urtia L, LB 32183
'folia
a
peregrin<
SEWP
(Green) McKinney,
Smilaxglai
EWP
Smilax
rotundifolia L, S 3008; 29297;
SEWP
Smilaxsmallii Morong, 3006
Parthenocissus quinquefolia LB 3231
Planch.,
(L.)
1;
Physalis cinerascens (Dunal) Hitchcock
A.S.
\
LB 293 10a
cinerea (Engelm.) Engelm. ex
Millardet
Vitis var.
MM
32256; 7910
3
MM
r
olium Michx., LB 32263; 7893
Xyridaceae
ambigua ex GV 32436
Xyris Bey. 2224;
species is usually found in low moist areas which are frequent in this
Brown
Unit. See et al.(2007) for a discussion of this species in Texas.
Kyllinga pumila. Kyllinga odorata is the most common Kyllinga in the Houston area (Harris and surrounding
counties) but not present in this Unit. K. pumila is rare in the Houston area but common along C.R. 2071
that extends through the center of the Unit.
Quercus woody
velutina. This plant, as of now, has not been observed as a tree in the Houston area but
grows
as a small understory shade species. It is separated from the similar Q. jalcata by the longer erect
branched on On
hairs the abaxial surface of the shade leaves. Q. jalcata these trichomes are smaller and
appressed [see the key in Smith
(1994)].
Echinochloa colonum. Most books use Ward
specific epithet. See (2005) for this change in
;
orthography.
Paspalum
conjugatum. Turner at (2003) mapped this species in Cameron County in extreme south Texas
al.
with record from Hardin County Pineywoods
1 in the region of east Texas. Diggs et al. (2006) consider the
Hardin County specimen to be from a plant cultivated as a lawn grass. For now, the only east Texas
collec-
tions of native plants are from Liberty County in the Trinity River National Refuge and the Loblolly Unit. The
plants were frequent along the southern edge west from the junction with C.R. 2071. Additional specimens
SBSC
at are from the various units of the National Wildlife Refuge complex in Brazoria County.
DISCUSSION
There are 88 families and 201 genera for the 305 taxa (271 native) on the Loblolly Unit Eight families,
list.
Poaceae Cyperaceae Asteraceae Scrophulariaceae Apiaceae
(42 taxa), (36 taxa), (31 taxa), (11 taxa), (10 taxa),
%
Lamiaceae (9 taxa), Fagaceae (8 taxa), and Fabaceae (7 taxa) account for 50 of all taxa collected.
We
compared the present list of species for Loblolly Unit with the species reported by Turner et al.
%
(2003) in their Atlas the Vascular Plants Texas and found that 115 taxa, 37.7 of the species on the
of of
County
Loblolly Unit are not reported in Liberty in that source. This result not surprising considering
list, is
that, until recently, focused collecting has been undertaken in the Big Thicket region.
little
we we
While the case that our incomplete, as are believe that have collected prob-
it is list is all floras,
% We
ably 90+ of the taxa. estimate that the Loblolly Unit has about 281 to 290 native species/taxa. Of the
7 Units inventoried so far, the following taxa are reported only for the Loblolly Unit: Hymenocallis liriosme,
Cynosciadium Rorippa Commelina Ipomoea Hy-
digitatum, lacunosa, Eleocharis engelmannii,
sessiliflora, diffusa,
drolea uniflora, Hypoxis wrightii, Micromeria brownei, Ludwigia sphaerocarpa, Paspalum conjugatum, Ranunculus
new
and Only Thus
muricatus, Physalis cinerascens var. cinerascens, Verbena 14 taxa are to this Unit.
urticifolia.
95%
of the taxa in the Loblolly Unit had already been collected in other units of the Big Thicket National
Preserve, which is to be expected since most of the other units possess Floodplain and/or Flatland Hardwood
communities.
forest
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
This study was supported in part by an All Taxa Biological Inventory (ATBI) grant from the Big Thicket Asso-
We
ciation of Saratoga, Texas. thank Paul Roling, liverwort and moss student of the Big Thicket; and Deanna
new
Boensch, Big Thicket fire ecologist, for providing information regarding the Big Thicket Units. Also
thanks to Ray C. Telfair and Eric Keith for their careful reading of the paper and for the improvements.
II
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