Anesthesiology Examination and Board Review

476 Pages·2014·6.866 MB·English

by  Mark Dershwitz, J. Matthias Walz

McG r a w -Hill
SP ECIALTY BO ARD REVIEW
Seventh Edition
Anesthesiology
Examination & Board R view
e
Edited by
Mark Dershwitz, M.D., Ph.D.
Professor and Vice Chair of Anesthesiology
Professor of Biochemistry & Molecular Pharmacology
University of Massachusetts Medical School
and
J. Matthias Walz, M.D.
Associate Professor of Anesthesiology and Surgery
University of Massachusetts Medical School
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From M.D.:
For Renée, Phil, Eli, & Sally
From J.M.W.:
To my wonderful wife Joanna, and my children Emily, Hannah, and Lucy
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Co nte nts
Contributors ........................................................................................................................................... ix
Preface to the 7th Edition ..................................................................................................................... xi
Introduction ......................................................................................................................................... xiii
Part I: Basic Topics in Anesthesiology................................................................................................................1
1. Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics
Mar k Der shwit z, M.D., Ph.D.
Questions ...........................................................................................................................................................3
Answers and Explanations .............................................................................................................................9
2. Anesthesia Equipment
Mar k Der shwit z, M.D., Ph.D.
Questions .........................................................................................................................................................13
Answers and Explanations ...........................................................................................................................19
3. Circulation
Theodor e Al st on, M.D., Ph.D.
Questions .........................................................................................................................................................25
Answers and Explanations ...........................................................................................................................35
4. Respiration
St avr os G. Memt soudis, M.D., Ph.D.
Questions .........................................................................................................................................................41
Answers and Explanations ...........................................................................................................................52
5. Nervous System
Joh n J. A. Mar ot a, M.D., Ph.D.
Questions .........................................................................................................................................................61
Answers and Explanations ...........................................................................................................................68
6. Renal, Hepatic, Endocrine, Hematologic, and Metabolic Systems
Renée M. Goet zl er , M.D., M.P.H. and Mar k Der shwit z, M.D., Ph.D.
Questions .........................................................................................................................................................75
Answers and Explanations ...........................................................................................................................88
7. Pharmacology
J. Mat t hias Wal z, M.D. and Mar k Der shwit z, M.D., Ph.D.
Questions .........................................................................................................................................................95
Answers and Explanations .........................................................................................................................116
v
vvii 1C:o Pnhteanrtms acology
8. General Anesthesia
Mar k Der shwit z, M.D., Ph.D.
Questions .......................................................................................................................................................133
Answers and Explanations .........................................................................................................................138
9. Regional Anesthesia
John G. Ant onakakis, M.D. and Br ian D. Sit es, M.D.
Questions .......................................................................................................................................................143
Answers and Explanations .........................................................................................................................151
10. Practice Test
The Aut hor s
Questions .......................................................................................................................................................155
Answers and Explanations .........................................................................................................................176
Part II: Advanced Topics in Anesthesiology .................................................................................................189
11. Pharmacology
J. Mat t hias Wal z, M.D. and Mar k Der shwit z, M.D., Ph.D.
Questions .......................................................................................................................................................191
Answers and Explanations .........................................................................................................................200
12. Regional Anesthesia
John G. Ant onakakis, M.D. and Br ian D. Sit es, M.D.
Questions .......................................................................................................................................................207
Answers and Explanations .........................................................................................................................212
13. Anesthesia for Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery
Chr ist ian Mül l er , M.D. and J. Mat t hias Wal z, M.D.
Questions .......................................................................................................................................................215
Answers and Explanations .........................................................................................................................230
14. Anesthesia for Neurosurgery
John J. A. Mar ot a, M.D., Ph.D.
Questions .......................................................................................................................................................239
Answers and Explanations .........................................................................................................................247
15. Obstetric Anesthesia
Ronal d B. Rubin, M.D.
Questions .......................................................................................................................................................253
Answers and Explanations .........................................................................................................................270
16. Pediatric Anesthesia
Rebecca Zanconat o, M.D.
Questions .......................................................................................................................................................281
Answers and Explanations .........................................................................................................................296
Contents vii
17. Anesthesia for Miscellaneous Procedures
El eanor M. Duduch, M.D. and Mar k Der shwit z, M.D., Ph.D.
Questions .......................................................................................................................................................307
Answers and Explanations .........................................................................................................................318
18. Critical Care Medicine
Robin Guil l or y, M.D. and Rae M. Al l ain, M.D.
Questions .......................................................................................................................................................331
Answers and Explanations .........................................................................................................................347
19. Acute and Chronic Pain
Sal ahadin Abdi, M.D., Ph.D.
Questions .......................................................................................................................................................363
Answers and Explanations .........................................................................................................................373
20. Practice Test
The Aut hor s
Questions .......................................................................................................................................................385
Answers and Explanations .........................................................................................................................410
References.............................................................................................................................................................431
Index ......................................................................................................................................................................433
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Co ntributo rs
Salahadin Abdi, M.D., Ph.D. Renée M. Goetzler, M.D., M.P.H.
Professor and Chair Associate Program Director
Department of Pain Medicine Carney Hospital
Division of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine
University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Tufts University School of Medicine
Houston, TX Boston, MA
Rae M. Allain, M.D. Robin K. Guillory, M.D.
Associate Director of Surgical Critical Care Co-Medical Director of the Neuroscience ICU
Department of Anesthesiology & Pain Medicine University of Louisville Hospital
St. Elizabeth’s Medical Center Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology
Associate Professor of Anesthesiology Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative
Tufts University School of Medicine Medicine
Boston, MA University of Louisville School of Medicine
Louisville, KY
Theodore Alston, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain John J. A. Marota, M.D., Ph.D.
Medicine Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain
Massachusetts General Hospital Medicine
Assistant Professor of Anesthesia Massachusetts General Hospital
Harvard Medical School Assistant Professor of Anesthesia
Boston, MA Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA
John G. Antonakakis, M.D.
Staff Anesthesiologist Stavros G. Memtsoudis, M.D., Ph.D., F.C.C.P.
Portsmouth Regional Hospital Clinical Professor of Anesthesiology and Public
Portsmouth, NH Health
Weill Cornell Medical College
Mark Dershwitz, M.D., Ph.D. Director of Critical Care Services
Professor and Vice Chair of Anesthesiology Hospital for Special Surgery
Professor of Biochemistry & Molecular New York, NY
Pharmacology
University of Massachusetts Medical School Christian Müller, M.D.
Worcester, MA Director of Cardiac Anesthesia
Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology
Eleanor M. Duduch, M.D. University of Massachusetts Medical School
Residency Program Director Worcester, MA
Clinical Associate Professor of Anesthesiology
University of Massachusetts Medical School Ronald B. Rubin, M.D., F.A.C.O.G.
Worcester, MA Assistant Professor of Anesthesiology
University of Massachusetts Medical School
Worcester, MA
ix