An Economic and Sociological Survey of Lancaster County and the Relationship to the Educational Program, 1930-1940

135 Pages·012.03 MB·English

by  Booker, James Judson

m ^gosokxo as© socxombxcai s w m t of
lAHOASSEB COTJHW AW THB BEMTIOBSHEP
TO THE ED0CATI0H4X. PBQGRUI, 1930-1940
by
Jamas Jadaon Bookar, Jr.
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789 East Eisenhower Parkway
P.O. Box 1346
Ann Arbor, Ml 48106 - 1346
OP SHE RBQtOIREHESTS
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for m m ©bgree op
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1942

AcmowLmmtmT
flie author wishes to acknowledge and express his
appreciation to Dr* Bharrey Babeck at whose suggestion
this study was made; to Dr* George H* Arina cost for M s as-
sistance in preparing this thesis, without whose guidance and
cooperation this publication could hardly haire been possible,
fo Dr. Eremer «T* Hoke, Dean of the College of William and Mary,
Dr# Daniel *T. Blocker and Mr* Bibbert D. Oorey, members of the
reading committee, the writer is also indebted, fo Superinten­
dent William S* Brent, who furnished data concerning the school
system of Lancaster County; to Mr. Archie H. Beane, treasurer
of the county, who supplied data concerning the financial mat­
ters; to Mr* Oscar 3. Chilton, clerk of the county, who assisted
in searching the county’s records; and to the many citizens of
the county who furnished materials and information pertinent to
this study, the author expresses his appreciation*
COS'TENTS
Chanter Page
X XKtRCSDIIOXIW * * * * * * * . * * * * * • * 1
1be Need for the Study 1
the Problem Defined * ♦ * * . . * . . . 4
XX A BBXEJT HXSTCRX 0P fHB DB9BL0«Birr
m mmcATim m imcmTm cotarrr ***** e
xxx xhb nmmmmmT ct m^rmfxm ro
3AN<mSfIB C0OT9Y 1930*1940 * * * * * * * . 18
Physical facilities * * * * * * * * * * 18
Buildings * * * * * * • * « • * • * • 18
Equipment • • * * * « « * • * • • * * El
^ransporf ca tion * * * * * * * * * * * 25
School Grounds * . * * * * * • » * • 25
Teaching Staff * • • • • * * • * * * * * B5
Certification of teachers * * * * * * 25
Teacher Turn-over * * * * * * * * * * 2?
School Census Data * • * * * * * • * * * 20
Enrollment * * . . . * * * * . . * * 39
Betardation * * * * * * * * * * * * * 54
Pupil Withdrawal * * * * * * * * * * €0
High School* Graduates * * * * * * * * 45
Administration - * * * * * * * * * * * * 45
Community Eolations * * * * * * . * * * 48
Educational Program * * * * * * * * * * 49
Changes in Curriculum Offering * * . 49
Changes In Method * * * * * * * * * * 49
Change in Curriculum * * * * * * * * 51
Supervisory Program * * * * * * * * * * 82
Revenue for Governmental Agencies * * * 54
fas Bate * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 58
Eevanue for Schools * * * * * * * * . * 88
Barents# from the County * * * • * . * 58
Expenditure for Schools * * * * * * * * 80
Summary * • » • * » « . • * * « • * • * 84
xr sogxo-ecomckxc conbxtxms m zmammm
cawtrr ****** * * ********** m
location * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 89
Size * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 88
transportation * * * * * * * * * * * * * 88
Communities • * • • » . * * * * * „ • * 91
Industries of Lancaster County * * * * * 91
Agriculture . . . . . . . . . . . . . * 91
Tomato rectories * * * * * * * * * * 94
Chapter Page
meiiiimi m in mi m. i. mmmmmmrn
Oystertng * * * * * * * * * * * * * 94,
Pishing * * * * • * * * * * • « * .» 98
Menhaden Pishing Industry * * . * * f&
Lumbering * ■« * * * * * 80
Seasonal Work * * * * * * * * * * * 80
Trends in Population * * * * * * * * * 84
Birth Bate • * * * * * * * * * * . * * 85
Marital Status * * * * * * * * * . * . 90
Pathologies * * « * * * * * * * * * .. 95
Illegitimacy * * * * * * . * * . * . 95
Crime * * * * * . . * * * * * * * * 99
Juvenile Delinquency * * * * * * * * 98
Blindness * * * * 99
Social welfare . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Bousing. * * • * * * * . . . . . . . . . ion
Living Conditions .. ... . * * * *. 103
Bellglous life . . . . . . . . . * . * 104
Recreation * * * * * . * . . * * * . * 103
Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
W SmsMAMZ AKD PHOOIAH PROPOSED * * * * * .. 109
Sussmary and lap! lent ions * * . * . . * -109
Educational Conditions ■*'*■» * * * * • HO
Socio-Economic Conditions . . * * * ** 111
the Proposed Program . 115
The Curriculum . . . . . . . . . . . . 115
Elementary Curriculum . . • « • * * 115
High Beixool Curriculum * * . • 115
Tlm m lng the Program *■ * * * * * ** 118
nm*xmm$m * ****** * * * * • * ** m
LIST OF TABLES
T&M# wmm
x mmckTtm wm mm m m m m m m m t
coohtf
FRXOSBl TO THE 0X9X1* MSB® * * * * « - » ♦ » * * * , u
11 m0&%ms M THE BOBUS SCE00LSXBTM w
2AECASTER COCOS T3T XS90ipX95X * • * < # * * * * . * * IS
i n total mmnm m schools xh lAMcisxra cotmtf
won mm rnm rn isso-xoto * . * * * * * * * . 19
it total fmsH car school profehtf ro l&hoaothi
m
C0XJHT1 FOE THE P^SIOO 1930-1940 * * * * * * .
F HTIMHEE CST fOLCMIS Hf PtJBLTOSOHOOXi
m
LtlSRAR IBS Hf LABCASTER C(HU?H
• * * * ■* ■* * *
91 TRAHSFORTATI® » SLIIIMTtoY ABB HIGH SCHOOL
FOFHSg H LAHCASTHR OOOHTT # . * * * # * * * * m
T O PR0F2SS10HAL {KgBXBXOMBttt WSW Bf T&A0HBBS
m
HI lAHOASTSE 0GOUW SCHOOLS, 19250-1940 * * *
f HI BTMBSB OF HUES BXFEHIBSTCE OF ■ TEAOPIEHS IS
m
XAHCASfKR OOTTST, 1930-1940 * * . * * * * **
XX BUHHUiHf' AHB H23GH SCHOOL EKBOIXMEKT IB
m
JUpUn .,i.,feirt vwUIf aa , JL w*3v—*sf tp\* * <* * * * • * * *
x ssaomcBffT, attbrbmjce, asp esr cjsre a?
m
ATSSKBANCK JSf lAKCAS'DJR COCJHW 19S0-1940 . .
XX A COMFABISOH 0? XHR HOKBBR OF OTP3X8 BRTKRIHO
XBB X3BSX GBAKR AJ!D CRADOAIBB OF HXGB 8CFOOT»S
3X UURC&SHEB COUHTJT. 1930-1940 . . . . . . . m
T O HOUSES OF WHCT5 STU33BKTS RETAIBBI) H i
m
JLOTOASraE COimTr, 1030-1940 * * * * * * * * *
XXII MMB8& OF MHOB0 STUDEHTG jBFTAUBB H
UM m m m nmmmw m m **m m . * * * * * * ** m
xif FEB CERT OF FHPILO BETA1HE0 IS IAHCASTEH
rnrnmm
1930-1940 * * * * * * * * * * * * *. m
Xf StMHSR OF FBXTS STOHSiTS ISO WITHGRJSif FHOW
C,mmi Mm
LfiHOASmi SCHOOLS GBABB SmtOB AT
wmmtmz* wm mm wwmm 1950-1940
«bk& or • 41
tttble Ba«e
271 HlMKt OP HE8R0 ST0D2NT3 WHO BZTHDBXH PROS
LANCASTER COOHTI SCHOOLS AKB GRADE STATUS
AT 12KB OF WlfHlJBA«AL FOR 2KB PERIOD 1030-MO 48
XVXI BIB CIKT 0? WSITS AND NEGRO STUDENTS W21E-
BRAWOtG FRCK L6NCASTSK COURT! SCHOOLS, 1930-
2940V..',.................... ! . . . 43
xrax TOTAL HUMBER OF m lASCMmSB
CC0ST?, 1930-2940 43
232 SCHOOL 3RDEB5SBHE3S AND AKOHHT OF KOBE? SP2HT
FOB HEW mrmfwca m IANCA3TBR COOHT? 1930-194049
22 AS3S3SBD VAXXJXS OP BBOEEHFF 3H LANCASTER
COUNT?, 1930-1940 @4
222 PKB CAPUA A^mMHpp VAISB OP FSQBXRT? SUBJECT
90 LOCAL imyiyfflfi ABO BBT PER CAPITA DBS? HI
LMICASTXR COUNT? COMPARED WITH 73BSIBX4
CWHmBS, 19S0-1940 . . . . ........ 53
2222 REVENUE FROK LOCAL SOURCES FOB SCHOOLS IN
LANCASTER COUNT?, 1930-1940 . . . ......... 59
XXI2I PftgWNHB FOB SCHOOL PURPOSES AVAILABLE TO
LANCASTER COUNT? m m THE STATE, 1930-1940 . 58
2X27 BBS CAPITA COST OP EDUCATION AND OTHER OOVBEN-
MBSmX. AGENCIES m LANCASTER CCR3ST5T, 193O-*40 59
XIV FXBXIiDinJBS FOB EDUCATION IB LANCASTER
COURT? FBCK 1S3G-1940......... 61
2X71 NtfiiUKE OP PERSONS IB LANCASTER COUNT? OVER
vtm v m p OP GA28FDLLY EMPLOYED 2B 1930 81
XXVU BIRTHRATE 2H LANCASTER 0001122, 1930-1939 . . 86
2272X2 BIRTH BATH PER 1000 PGHJIA.TI0B IK 72BS2B3R
0930-1938 87
2212 BIRTH BATE PER 1000 POPOLATXCN M LANCASTER
COBBY?, 2930-1938 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 88
\
nrr CCKPARI30H OP WTp>ms AND DEATHS PER 1000
POPULATION IB THB STATE AND LANCASTER COURT?
FROM 1900-1938 ........................ 90
XSXX HBHBBR OF MARRIAGES AND DIVORCES IN LAHCASTBB
COUHT?, 1930-1939 . . . . . . . . ......... 91
22X22 RATIO OF DIVORCES TO MAHRIAGBS 2H LANCASTER
Table Page
COOKY?, 1930-1039 ..................... 93
73X1X1 LANCASTER OGUHTY’S COMPARATIVE MARRIAGE
RATIO, 1952-1936 . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
XXXIV MARITAL STATUS IK LANCASTER COOKY? AND
VIRGINIA .......... . . . . . . . . . . 94
XXXV MARITAL STATUS OF LANCASTER COUNTY AKD THE
UNITED STATES IN 1930 . . . . . . . . . . . 98
XXXVI A COMPARISON OF THE PERCENTAGE 09
ILLEGITIMATE BIRTHS SI LANCASTER COUNTY AND
TBS STATE 09 VIRGINIA, 1930-1939 . . . . . 96
XXXVII COST 09 CRIME PREVENTION END DETENTION IN
LANCASTER COUNTS’, 1931-1939 . . . . . . . 97
XXXVIII JUVENILE DELINQUENCY IK LANCASBER COUNTS',
1934-1940 ............... 98
XXL ACES 07 JUVENILE DELXRQUENCY IN LANCASTER
county, 1934-1940 . . 99
XL AMOUNT 07 MONEY SPENT FOR PUBLIC WELFARE IK
LANCASTER COUNTY AKD VIR018IA, 1031-1939 . 100
XLX HUMBER RECEIVING AID THROUGH Y8B WELFARE
DEPARTMENT IN LANCASTER COUNTY 1940 ... 101
tttf nnfiHIM flf fpfltt W&TMAfFSt Wtffi
LANCASTER COUNTY, 1938-1940 . . . . . . . 108