An atlas of shoulder arthroscopy

367 Pages·2003·8.086 MB·English

by  Andreas B Imhoff, Freddie H Fu, Jonathan B Ticker

An Atlas of
Shoulder Arthroscopy
Andreas B Imhoff
MD
Professor of Orthopaedics and Orthopaedic Surgery and Director,
Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Jonathan B Ticker
MD
Assistant Clinical Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery
College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York
Island Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Massapequa, New York, USA
Freddie H Fu
MD DSci (Hon)
David Silver Professor and Chairman
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Division of Sports Medicine
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center
Head Team Physician
Department of Athletics, University of Pittsburgh
Adjunct Professor
School of Health and Rehabilitation Science, University of Pittsburgh
Adjunct Professor
School of Education, University of Pittsburgh
Pennsylvania, USA
Editors
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
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© 2003 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
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Version Date: 20130401
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4822-0746-0 (eBook - PDF)
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Dedications
ABI
To my parents, Urs and Marianne, my wife, Susann, and our sons, Florian, Pascal and Dominik for their love,
encouragement and accepting the lifestyle of an orthopaedic surgeon, and to my fellows for their
support and questions.
JBT
In honor of my wife, Alyse, and our children, Sam and Anna, who maintained their love and tolerance
during this project; and in memory of my father, Marvin, a man who continues to be deserving
of my reverence.
FHF
To my wife, Hilda, our son, Gordon and our daughter, Joyce.
Contents
Contents v 12 Anterior shoulder instability: FASTak/Bio-FASTak
technique 127
Contributors vii
Brian S Cohen and Anthony A Romeo
Preface xi
13 Anterior shoulder instability: Laser-assisted
Acknowledgements xii
capsular shrinkage (LACS) 139
Michael Kunz and Klaus Johann
I INTRODUCTION AND IMAGING
1 History of shoulder arthroscopy 3 14 Anterior shoulder instability: Electrothermally-
James C Esch assisted capsular shrinkage (ETACS) 145
Amir M Khan and Gary S Fanton
2 Anatomy and biomechanics of the shoulder 11
Andreas B Imhoff and Jonathan B Ticker 15 Arthroscopic suture capsulorraphy 157
Jeffrey S Abrams
3 Physical examination of the shoulder 27
Andreas Burkart and Andreas B Imhoff 16 Multidirectional shoulder instability 165
Uwe König, Jens D Agneskirchner
4 Imaging of the shoulder 37 and Andreas B Imhoff
Thomas Merl
17 Posterior shoulder instability:
5 Ultrasound of the shoulder 55 Arthroscopic management 175
Dean W Ziegler Eugene M Wolf and William T Pennington
18 Superior instability: SLAP lesions 181
II BASIC TECHNIQUES
Ralph Wischatta, Franz Kralinger and Karl Golser
6 Diagnostic shoulder arthroscopy: The 23-point
arthroscopic evaluation with normal anatomical 19 SLAP lesions: Suture fixation 187
variants and pathology 71 Julious P Smith III, Felix H Savoie III and
Don Buford Jr and Stephen J Snyder Larry D Field
7 Arthroscopic knot-tying techniques 81 20 Arthroscopic treatment of SLAP lesions:
Eric R McMillan and †Richard B Caspari Types III, IV and V 197
Vladimir Martinek and Andreas B Imhoff
III GLENOHUMERAL INSTABILITY
21 Rotator interval: Closure with sutures 205
8 Anterior shoulder instability: Dann C Byck, Larry D Field and
Transglenoidal technique 99 Felix H Savoie III
Franz Landsiedl
IV IMPINGEMENT PATHOLOGY AND
9 Anterior shoulder instability:
ACROMIOCLAVICULAR JOINT
Extra-articular Bankart repair 107
Herbert Resch, Erwin Aschauer and Gernot Sperner 22 Subacromial impingement 213
Guido Engel and Andreas B Imhoff
10 Anterior-inferior labral tears: The new inferior
portal (5.30 o’clock) and the FASTak/Bio-FASTak 23 Posterosuperior impingement 221
technique 113 Gilles Walch and Laurent Nové-Josserand
Andreas Burkart and Andreas B Imhoff
24 Arthroscopic treatment of calcific tendinitis 229
11 Arthroscopic shoulder stabilization with Suzanne L Miller, Jonathan B Ticker and
absorbable suture anchors 121 James N Gladstone
Frank Hoffmann
vi Contents
25 Calcific tendinitis: The role of arthroscopic 33 Arthroscopic repair of large and retracted
treatment 237 rotator cuff tears 319
Mark S Falworth and Roger J Emery Joseph C Tauro
26 Acromioclavicular joint: Distal clavicle 34 Arthroscopic subscapularis tendon repair 327
resection 249 Stephen S Burkhart, Armin M Tehrany and
Ariane Gerber and Christian Gerber Peter M Parten
35 Arthroscopic biceps tenodesis 335
Jeffrey L Halbrecht
V ROTATOR CUFF PATHOLOGY
27 Mini-open rotator cuff repair 257
Vladimir Martinek and Andreas B Imhoff
VI SPECIALIZEDARTHROSCOPICTECHNIQUES
28 Mini-open rotator cuff repair with transosseous 36 Arthroscopic capsular release 343
tunnels 263 Gregory P Nicholson and Jonathan B Ticker
Jonathan B Ticker, Evan L Flatow and
William W Colman 37 Arthroscopic decompression of periglenoid
ganglion cysts 353
29 Arthroscopic repair of rotator cuff tears: Douglas S Musgrave, Freddie H Fu and
Principles and techniques 273 Mark W Rodosky
Stephen S Burkhart
38 Arthroscopic treatment of osteoarthritis:
30 Rotator cuff tear: Arthroscopic repair 289 Debridement and microfracture arthroplasty 359
Brian S Cohen and Anthony A Romeo Steven J Klepps, Leesa M Galatz and
Ken Yamaguchi
31 Rotator cuff tear: Arthroscopic technique
with suture anchors 303 39 Arthroscopic treatment of inflammatory synovitis
Dominique F Gazielly, Rami El Abiad and and tumors 367
Luis A Garcia Louis W Catalano, William N Levine and
Louis U Bigliani
32 Arthroscopic repair of rotator cuff tears:
Absorbable Panolok RC anchors with 40 Scapulothoracic bursoscopy 373
Panacryl sutures 313 Michael P Staebler and Leslie S Matthews
Laurent Lafosse
Index 380
Contributors
Jeffrey S Abrams MD Brian S Cohen MD
Princeton Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Associates Center for Advanced Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine
Princeton NJ Adena Health System
USA Chillicothe OH, USA
Jens D Agneskirchner MD William W Colman MD
Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Orthopaedic Associates of Duchess County
Technical University of Munich Lagrangeville NY, USA
Munich, Germany
Rami El Abiad MD
Erwin Aschauer MD Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
General Hospital Salzburg Saint Joseph University
Salzburg, Austria Beirut, Lebanon
Louis U Bigliani MD Roger J Emery MD
The Shoulder Service Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics
New York Presbyterian Hospital St Mary’s Hospital
Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center Campus London, UK
New York NY, USA
Guido Engel MD
Don Buford Jr MD Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
Sports Medicine Clinic of North Texas Technical University of Munich
Dallas TX, USA Munich, Germany
Andreas Burkart MD James C Esch MD
Assistant Professor Tri-City Orthopaedics
Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Oceanside CA
Technical University of Munich and Assistant Clinical Professor
Munich, Germany Department of Orthopaedics
University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine
Stephen S Burkhart MD San Diego CA, USA
Clinical Associate Professor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Mark S Falworth MD
The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics
Antonio St Mary’s Hospital
And the San Antonio Orthopaedic Group, LLP London, UK
San Antonio TX, USA
Gary S Fanton MD
Dann C Byck MD Sports Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Group
Fellow, Mississippi Sports Medicine Menlo Park CA, USA
and Orthopaedic Center
Jackson MS, USA Larry D Field MD
Co-Director, Upper Extremity Service
† Richard B Caspari MD Mississippi Sports Medicine and Orthopaedic Center
Clinical Instructor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Louis W Catalano III MD University of Mississippi School of Medicine
The Shoulder Service Jackson MS, USA
New York Presbyterian Hospital
Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center Campus
New York NY, USA
viii Contributors
Evan L Flatow MD Klaus Johann MD
Lasker Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Orthopaedic Department
Chief of Shoulder Surgery St Elisabeth Clinic
Mount Sinai Medical Center Saarlouis, Germany
New York NY, USA
Amir M Khan MD
Leesa M Galatz MD Sports Orthopaedic and Rehabilitation Group
Assistant Professor Menlo Park CA, USA
Shoulder and Elbow Service
Washington University Department of Orthopaedics Steven J Klepps MD
Barnes-Jewish Hospital Shoulder and Elbow Service
St Louis MO, USA Washington University Department of Orthopaedics
Barnes-Jewish Hospital
Luis A Garcia MD St Louis MO, USA
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
San Ignacio University Hospital Uwe König MD
University of Javeriana Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
Bogota, Colombia Technical University of Munich
Munich, Germany
Dominique F Gazielly MD
Shoulder Unit Franz Kralinger MD
Institut de la Main Universitätsklinik für Unfallchirurgie
Clinique Jouvenet Innsbruck, Austria
Paris, France
Michael Kunz MD
Ariane Gerber MD Head, Orthopaedic Department
Shoulder Fellow St Elisabeth Clinic
Department of Orthopaedics Saarlouis, Germany
University of Zurich
Zurich, Switzerland Laurent Lafosse MD
Clinique Générale
Christian Gerber MD Annecy, France
Professor and Chairman
Department of Orthopaedics Franz Landsiedl MD
University of Zurich Orthopädisches Spital Speising GmbH
Zurich, Switzerland Vienna, Austria
James N Gladstone MD William N Levine MD
Assistant Professor The Shoulder Service
Knee and Shoulder Surgery, Sports Medicine New York Presbyterian Hospital
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center Campus
The Mount Sinai Hospital New York NY, USA
New York NY, USA
Eric R McMillan MD
Karl Golser MD President and CEO
Universitätsklinik für Unfallchirurgie Central California Orthopedic Medical Associates, Inc
Innsbruck, Austria Turlock CA, USA
Jeffrey L Halbrecht MD Vladimir Martinek MD
Medical Director Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
The Institute of Arthroscopy and Sports Medicine Technical University of Munich
San Francisco CA, USA Munich, Germany
Frank Hoffmann MD Leslie S Matthews MD
Klinik für Orthopädie und Sportorthopädie Rosenheim Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Rosenheim, Germany Union Memorial Hospital
Baltimore MD, USA
Contributors ix
Thomas Merl MD Julious P Smith III MD
Consultant Radiologist Fellow
Department of Neuroradiology Mississippi Sports Medicine and Orthopaedic Center
Munich, Germany Jackson MS, USA
Suzanne L Miller MD Stephen J Snyder MD
Senior Resident Southern California Orthopedic Institute
Department of Orthopaedics Van Nuys CA, USA
The Mount Sinai Hospital
New York NY, USA Gernot Sperner MD
University Hospital Innsbruck
Douglas S Musgrave MD Innsbruck, Austria
Clinical Instructor
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Michael P Staebler MD
University of Pittsburgh Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
Pittsburgh PA, USA Union Memorial Hospital
Baltimore MD, USA
Gregory P Nicholson MD
Midwest Orthopaedics Joseph C Tauro MD
Chicago IL, USA Assistant Clinical Professor of Orthopedic Surgery
New Jersey Medical School
Laurent Nové-Josserand MD Ocean County Sports Medicine Center
Clinique Sainte Anne Lumière Toms River NJ, USA
Lyon, France
Armin M Tehrany MD
Peter M Parten MD Former Shoulder Arthroscopy Fellow
Former Shoulder Arthroscopy Fellow The San Antonio Orthopaedic Group
The San Antonio Orthopaedic Group Staten Island NY, USA
Summit Orthopaedics
Maplewood MN, USA Gilles Walch MD
Clinique Sainte Anne Lumière
William T Pennington MD Lyon, France
San Francisco CA, USA
Ralph Wischatta MD
Herbert Resch MD Universitätsklinik für Unfallchirurgie
General Hospital Salzburg Innsbruck, Austria
Salzburg, Austria
Eugene M Wolf MD
Mark W Rodosky MD Medical Director,
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Shoulder Arthroscopy Fellowship Program,
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center California Pacific Medical Center
Pittsburgh PA, USA San Francisco CA, USA
Anthony A Romeo MD Ken Yamaguchi MD
Assistant Professor Associate Professor
Director, Shoulder Section Program Director, Shoulder & Elbow Fellowship
Associate Professor Chief, Shoulder and Elbow Service
Department of Orthopaedics Washington University Department of Orthopaedics
Rush University Barnes-Jewish Hospital
Chicago IL, USA St Louis MO, USA
Felix H Savoie III MD Dean W Ziegler MD
Co-Director, Upper Extremity Service Blount Orthopaedic Clinic
Mississippi Sports Medicine and Orthopaedic Center Milwaukee WI, USA
Clinical Associate Professor, Department of Orthopaedic
Surgery
University of Mississippi School of Medicine
Jackson MS, USA
Preface
When we first conceived this textbook dedicated to a procedure or expand our indications for use of the
shoulder arthroscopy, it was a mere three years after we arthroscope in the shoulder.
started the initial, and now companion, textbook An An Atlas of Shoulder Arthroscopy comprises 40
Atlas of Shoulder Surgery. In that preface we remarked, chapters and is divided into sections, beginning with an
‘Shoulder surgery has progressed most rapidly over the introduction which includes an historical perspective,
past 25 years.’ It was clear to us that shoulder surgery, basic science and diagnostic techniques. The therapeu-
in particular arthroscopic surgical techniques, had tic sections begin with an excellent review of the
progressed (and continue to do so!) at a very rapid pace. diagnostic arthroscopy and approaches to arthroscopic
Arthroscopic techniques have been developed and knot tying. Arthroscopic techniques are presented for the
successfully utilized to address myriad pathologies treatment of instability and labral pathology, impinge-
formerly treated primarily with open procedures. It is in ment and posterosuperior rotator cuff pathology,
this context and as a result of these changes in the surgi- subscapularis tears, acromioclavicular joint arthritis,
cal approach to treatment of many conditions affecting calcific tendonitis, biceps pathology, frozen shoulder,
the shoulder that we devised this book. ganglion cysts, osteoarthritis, inflammatory synovitis and
In this title, we have followed a similar formula and tumors, and scapulothoracic conditions. In addition, we
format to that of its companion textbook. Our focus is are particularly proud to offer an optional CD-ROM
on the reader and the desire to provide useful and appli- which contains video clips for many of the techniques
cable arthroscopic shoulder surgical techniques. An Atlas described in the textbook. This will allow the reader to
of Shoulder Arthroscopy includes all of the more common take another step closer to the successful application of
techniques currently employed in arthroscopy of the techniques for arthroscopic shoulder surgery.
shoulder. In addition, we recognize that the pace of As we stated in the preface of our first atlas, ‘We hope
advancement in arthroscopic shoulder surgery may turn that this atlas will serve as an invaluable resource for
some of the more advanced techniques we present in both the novice and accomplished shoulder surgeon.’
this textbook into more commonly utilized procedures Indeed, this book offers both fundamental and advanced
in the near future. Our goal is to present all of these techniques for arthroscopic shoulder surgery. It is our
techniques, as described by authorities in the field of aim to offer physicians who practice arthroscopic shoul-
arthroscopic shoulder surgery from Europe and the der surgery, both on the early part of the learning curve
United States, in a straightforward manner that can be or at a more advanced level, the necessary tools to
applied in clinical practice. Many sections within this achieve a successful surgical outcome. For the patient,
textbook present two or more alternative techniques to we also recognize that an operation completed to perfec-
address the same clinical condition, in an effort to tion will only be successful if the indications, prepara-
provide greater perspective for the reader. Arthroscopic tion and rehabilitation are performed correctly. We
images, color photographs and drawings are used to encourage readers to further develop their understand-
highlight the steps of each procedure. However, we do ing of gross and arthroscopic shoulder anatomy, as well
not expect or desire that these techniques be considered as basic science concepts, in the ‘pursuit of knowledge
the only methods that should be used to treat particular in all aspects of the shoulder.’
shoulder conditions. It would be a greater service to the
field of shoulder surgery if these techniques served to Andreas B Imhoff MD
stimulate other surgeons to develop modifications of Jonathan B Ticker MD
these techniques or, even, develop new ways to simplify Freddie H Fu MD DSci (Hon)
Acknowledgements
As with all endeavours of this magnitude, there are many To our commissioning editor at Martin Dunitz
people who worked on this atlas and the optional CD- Publishers, Robert Peden, who provided us with the
ROM who are deserving of our thanks and appreciation: necessary guidance to achieve our goals, after having the
To the numerous contributors, it is clear to us that we knowledge of working with us on the first book. Your
could not have produced such a high level of achieve- fortitude and perseverance are admirable.
ment with this atlas if we had not had such an accom- Especially to Jens Agneskirchner, MD – the video
plished group of arthroscopic shoulder surgeons who images on the optional CD-ROM could not have been
were willing to contribute their knowledge to these completed without your collective knowledge and skills.
chapters. We shall all benefit from these efforts, and we Finally, to our office staffs and residents who rose to
extend our gratitude to each one of you. the challenge once again by providing invaluable assis-
To the production and editorial staff at Martin Dunitz, tance.
including Charlotte Mossop, Abigail Griffin and Dan We thank you all from the bottom of our hearts.
Edwards, we thank you for providing the necessary links
between the editors, the authors and the publisher to ABI
reach our goals. The hundreds of e-mail messages that JBT
provided us with an improved method of communication FHF
and distribution of material will attest to these efforts.