An Applied Visual Sociology: Picturing Harm Reduction

316 Pages·2014·4.009 MB·English

by  Stephen Parkin

An Applied VisuAl sociology:
picturing HArm reduction
For Isabella, David and Amolwan ‘Jaa’ Parkin.
… social science research with an activist agenda can produce more than
books alone.
An Applied Visual sociology:
picturing Harm reduction
stepHen pArkin
University of Huddersfield, UK
© stephen parkin 2014
All rights reserved. no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher.
stephen parkin has asserted his right under the copyright, designs and patents Act, 1988,
to be identified as the author of this work.
published by
Ashgate publishing limited Ashgate publishing company
Wey court east 110 cherry street
union road suite 3-1
Farnham Burlington, Vt 05401-3818
surrey, gu9 7pt usA
england
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British library
The Library of Congress has cataloged the printed edition as follows:
parkin, stephen george.
An applied visual sociology : picturing harm reduction / by stephen parkin.
pages cm
includes bibliographical references and index.
isBn 978-1-4094-6839-4 (hardback) -- isBn 978-1-4094-6840-0 (ebook) -- isBn 978-
1-4094-6841-7 (epub) 1. Visual sociology. 2. Visual perception. 3. drug abuse--social
aspects. 4. sociology--research. i. title.
Hm500.p37 2014
301.072--dc23
2013032331
isBn 9781409468394 (hbk)
isBn 9781409468400 (ebk – pdF)
isBn 9781409468417 (ebk – epuB)
Contents
List of Boxes, Tables and Figures vii
Acknowledgements xi
Part I revIew
Introduction 3
1 Considering an Applied Visual Sociology? 7
2 Harm Reduction and Injecting Drug Use 35
Part II emPIrIcIsm
3 Methodology and Methods 61
4 Analysis 93
5 Drug Using Environments as a ‘Continuum of Descending Safety’
105
6 Drug Related Litter as Visual Data 135
7 The Management of Drug Related Litter in UK Settings 175
Part III an aPPlIed vIsual socIology
8 The Value of Applied Visual Data in ‘Real World’ Settings 219
9 Towards an Applied Visual Sociology 239
10 Practical Exercises in Applied Visual Sociology 263
vi An Applied Visual Sociology: Picturing Harm Reduction
References 277
Appendix I: A Harm Reduction Response to Media
Reports of Needlestick Injury/Drug Related Litter 293
Appendix II: Frontline: A Photo-Ethnography of Drug-Using Environments 297
Index 299
List of Boxes, Tables and Figures
Boxes
2.1 References Relevant to ‘Safer’ Injecting Drug Use 50
6.1 A Harm Reduction Response to Negative Media Accounts
of Drug Related Litter in Community Settings 140
7.1 A 13-step Guide to Managing Drug Related Litter 178
7.2 Key Recommendations Relating to Public Conveniences and
Drug Related Litter Bins 192
Tables
3.1 Methods of Research within a Methodological Framework 75
3.2 The Collapsed Dataset 76
5.1 Frequency and Type of Injecting Environment 107
8.1 Evaluation Respondents’ Occupation/Profession 227
9.1 Visual Methods as ‘the Bridge’ between
Applied and Academic Sociology 241
Figures
2.1 Paraphernalia Associated with Injecting Drug Use 51
2.2 Needles and Syringes Used for Injecting Drug Use 52
2.3 Drug-related Litter Associated with Injecting Drug Use 53
4.1 Inside the Medically Supervised Injecting Centre, Sydney (Australia) 94
5.1 Bin Chute Room 109
5.2 Category A (Controlled) Injecting Environment (1) 121
5.3 Category A (Controlled) Injecting Environment (2) 122
5.4 Category A (Controlled) Injecting Environment (3) 123
vi An Applied Visual Sociology: Picturing Harm Reduction
5.5 Category A (Controlled) Injecting Environment (4) 124
5.6 Category A (Controlled) Injecting Environment (5) 125
5.7 Category B (Semi-Controlled) Injecting Environments (1) 126
5.8 Category B (Semi-Controlled) Injecting Environments (2) 126
5.9 Category B (Semi-Controlled) Injecting Environments (3) 127
5.10 Category B (Semi-Controlled) Injecting Environments (4) 128
5.11 Category B (Semi-Controlled) Injecting Environments (5) 129
5.12 Category C (Uncontrolled) Injecting Environments (1) 130
5.13 Category C (Uncontrolled) Injecting Environments (2) 130
5.14 Category C (Uncontrolled) Injecting Environments (3) 131
5.15 Category C (Uncontrolled) Injecting Environments (4) 132
5.16 Category C (Uncontrolled) Injecting Environments (5) 133
6.1 Harmless Drug Related Litter (1) 146
6.2 Harmless Drug Related Litter (2) 146
6.3 Harmful Drug Related Litter (3) 148
6.4 Harmful Drug Related Litter (4) 149
6.5 Harmful Drug Related Litter (5) 149
6.6 Harmful Drug Related Litter (6) 150
6.7 Harmful Drug Related Litter (7) 150
6.8 Harmful Drug Related Litter (8) 151
6.9 Massed Harm (1) 153
6.10 Massed Harm (2) 154
6.11 Hidden Harm (1) 156
6.12 Hidden Harm (2) 156
6.13 Hidden Harm (3) 157
6.14 ‘Snapping and Dropping’ (1) 160
6.15 ‘Snapping and Dropping’ (2) 161
6.16 Facilitative Space (1) 163
6.17 Facilitative Space (2) 164
6.18 Facilitative Space (3) 165
6.19 Facilitative Space (4) 166
6.20 Facilitative Space (5) 167
6.21 Facilitative Space (6) 168
6.22 Shaping Space (7) 169
6.23 Shaping Space (8) 170
7.1 Protective Equipment (1) 181
7.2 Protective Equipment (1) 181
7.3 Semi-Formal Drug Related Litter Collection 184
7.4 Drug Related Litter Bins in Public Place (1) 193
7.5 Drug Related Litter Bins in Public Place (2) 194
7.6 Drug Related Litter Bins in Public Place (3) 195
7.7 Drug Related Litter Bins in Public Place (4) 196
List of Boxes, Tables and Photographs vii
7.8 Drug Related Litter Bins in Public Place (5) 197
7.9 ‘Gold Standard’ Public Toilet/Drug Related Litter Bin Design (1) 198
7.10 ‘Gold Standard’ Public Toilet/Drug Related Litter Bin Design (2) 200
7.11 ‘Gold Standard’ Public Toilet/Drug Related Litter Bin Design (3) 200
7.12 ‘Gold Standard’ Public Toilet/Drug Related Litter Bin Design (4) 201
7.13 ‘Gold Standard’ Public Toilet/Drug Related Litter Bin Design (5) 202
7.14 ‘Gold Standard’ Public Toilet/Drug Related Litter Bin Design (6) 203
7.15 ‘Gold Standard’ Public Toilet/Drug Related Litter Bin Design (7) 204
7.16 ‘Gold Standard’ Public Toilet/Drug Related Litter Bin Design (8) 204
7.17 ‘Gold Standard’ Public Toilet/Drug Related Litter Bin Design (9) 205
7.18 Ambiguous Signage 212
7.19 ‘Hiding Places’ (1) 213
7.20 ‘Hiding Places’ (2) 213
7.21 ‘Hiding Places’ (3) 214
10.1 Gum and Butt Bin 270
10.2 Colliding Interventions 272