An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary. Supplement

775 Pages·1955·97.65 MB·English

by  Joseph Bosworth

AN
ANGLO-SAXON DICTIONARY
SUPPLEMENT
,
Oxford University Press Amen House, London E,C. 4
GLASGOW NEW YORK TORONTO MELBOURNE WELLINGTON
BOMBAY CALCUTTA MADRAS KARACHI CAPE TOWN IBADAN
Geoffrey Cumberlege, Publisher to the University
AN
ANGLO-SAXON DICTIONARY
BASED ON THE MANUSCRIPT COLLECTIONS
OF THE LATE JOSEPH BOSWORTH
k\i
SUPPLEMENT
T. NORTHCOTE TOLLER
M.A., HON. D.LITT. (Oxon.), HON. LITT.Í). (Manc.), F.R.H.S.
LATE FELLOW OF CHRIST’S COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE
EMERITUS PROFESSOR OF THE VICTORIA UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER
O X F O R D U N I V E R S I T Y PRES S
•r«s
Γ11TS
'EW
_ , 1
S u p
FIRST EDITION 1921
REPRINTED LITHOGRAPHICALLY IN GREAT BRITAIN
FROM SHEETS OF THE FIRST EDITION
BY LOWE & BRYDONE, PRINTERS, LONDON
*955
PREFACE
A few words of explanation from the editor may seem called for
in view of the amount of material, especially under the letters A-G,
contained in this Supplement. As already mentioned in the Preliminary
Notice to Parts I and II of the Dictionary and in the Preface to the
Dictionary itself most of the work under A-F was printed before
Dr. Bosworth’s death; and much of that under G was mistakenly
supposed to have been completed for the press. It is not then surprising
that considering the advance made during the last fifty years in all· that
relates to the study of Old English a revisal of the earlier part of the
Dictionary should call for large additions or alterations. In the case
of the material under the letters from G to the end it is hoped that the
need for an apology is less as is certainly the excuse for one.
The thanks of the editor are specially due to Dr. Henry Bradley
for very many and very helpful comments and suggestions : to the late
Professor A. S. Napier for advance and separate copies of articles
connected with lexicography: and to Dr. Max Förster of Leipzig for
help of the same kind. He must also acknowledge his obligations to
the late Professor Cosijn, at the sale of whose library the Delegates of
the Clarendon Press purchased copies of the first and second editions
of Bosworth’s Dictionary and of Grein’s Sprachschats. In these
Professor Cosijn had noted passages to illustrate many words; and
though the editor had often already made the same note, this was not
always the case, and he acknowledges an obligation where it is too late
to offer thanks. ■ ,
June, 1921,

ADDITIONAL AND ALTERED REFERENCES
Æ3fo. Gr.· Zup. later Ælfe. Gr. Z. LI. Lbmn. Die Gesetze der Angelsachsen. Herausgegeben
An. Ox. Anecdota Oxoniensia. Old English Glosses, edited im Aufträge der Savigny-Stiftung von F. Liebermann.
by Arthur S. Napier. 3 völs.
Archiv. Archiv für das Studium der neueren Sprachen und Lor. H. The Lorica Hymn, in Bibliothek der Angelsäch­
Literaturen, herausgegeben von Prof. Dr. Brandt und sischen Prosa, sechster Band.
Prof. Dr. Morf. Mart. H. An Old English Martyrology with Introduction
Basil admn.; Norm, later Hex. and Notes by George Herzfeld. E.E.T.S., No. 116,
Bd.; Sch. König Alfreds Übersetzung von Bedas Kirchen­ 1900.
geschichte, herausgegeben von Jacob Schipper (Grein’s Midd. Blur. Altenglisches Flurnamenbuch, von Dr. Hein­
A.S. Prose Library). rich Middendorf, Halle, 1902.
Beiblatt. Beiblatt zur Anglia. Mt. Kmbl., Lind., Bush, later Mt., L., B.
Blickl. Gl. later Bl. GL N. E. D. The Oxford English Dictionary.
Blick. Homl. later Bl. Ξ. Nap. Contributions to Old English Lexicography, by
Bl. N. Napier’s notes on Bückling Homilies, Modern Arthur S. Napier, published in the Philological Society’s
Philology, vol. i. no. 2. Transactions, 1906.
Boutr. Sord. later Scrd. Nie. H. Gospel of Nicodemus in Hone’s Apocryphal New
Bt.; Box later Bt.; B. Testament.
Bt.; S. King Alfred’s Old English Version of Boethius De Nicod.; Thw. later Nie. quoted by page and line.
Consolatione Philosophiae, edited by W. G. Sedgefield, O. Engl. Homl. later Ο. Έ. Hml.
Oxford, 1899. O. L. Ger. v. Gallée.
Ch, T. Tyrwhitt’s Chaucer. ' Ors.; Bos., Ors.; Swt, later Ors.; B., Ors.; S.
Chart. Erl. later Cht. E.; Chart. Th. later Cht. Th. Ore.; Th. KingÆlfred’s Anglo-Saxon version of the history
Chr.; P. Two of the Saxon Chronicles, ed. by Charles of Paulus Orosius, edv by B. Thorpe. Bohn’s Antiquarian
Plummer. , Library.
Chrd. The Old English version, with the Latin original, of Past.; Swt. later Past.
the Enlarged Rule of Chrodegang, edited by Prof. A. S. Philol. Trans. Transactions of the Philological Society.
Napier. E. E. T· S., No. 150, 1916. Pref. [Ælfe.] Thw. v. Ælfc. Gen. Thw.
Cht. Crw. The Crawford Charters, ed. Napier and Prehn’s Rätsel des Exeterbuehes later Prehn.
Stevenson. Prose Psalter. The Earliest English Prose Psalter, ed. by
.Cod. Dip. B. later C. D. B. Dr, Buelbring. E. E. T. S., No. 97, 1891. .
Cod. Dip. Kmbl. later C. D. Prov. Kmbl. later Prov. K.
Coll. Monast. Th. later Coll. M. Prov. M. Proverbia Anglo-Saxonica, in Collectanea Anglo-
, Corp. Gl. ed. Hessels later Corp. Gl. H. Saxonica, edited by L. C. Müller, Havniae, 1835.
D. D. The Dialect Dictionary, compiled by Prof. J. Wright. Ps. Cam. Der Cambridger Psalter, herausgegeben von
E. H. D. H. Select English Historical Documents, ed. by Karl Wildhagen, Hamburg, 1910 (Bibliothek der Angel­
F. E. Harmer. sächsischen Prosa, vii. Band).
E. M. Burn. An English Miscellany, presented to Dr. Ps. Caht. Eadwine’s Canterbury Psalter, ed. by F. Harsley.
Furnivall in honour of his seventy-fifth birthday. E.E.T.S., No. 92, 1889.
Oxford, 1901. Ps. Lamb, later Ps. L.
E. W. The Fifty Earliest English Wills. E. E. T. S., Ps. L. Lind. Der Lambeth-Psalter, herausgegeben von
No. 78, 1882. U. Lindelöf, Helsingfors, 1909.
Engl. Stud, later E. S. Ps. Rdr. Der Altenglische. Regius-Psalter, herausgegeben
Gall. Vorstudien zu einem altniederdeutschen Wörterbuche, von Dr. Fritz Roeder, Halle, 1904.
von J. H. Gallée, Leiden, 1903. Ps. Stev. or Surt. later Ps. Srt.
Goetz. Corpus Glossariorum Latinorum, ed. Georg. Goetz, Ps. V. The Vespasiän Psalter, in Old,English Texts,
7 vols. edited by H. Sweet.
Gr. Dial, later Gr. D. Übersetzung der Dialoge Gregors des Ps. Vos. Der Altenglische Junius-Psalter, herausgegeben
Grossen, herausgegeben von Hans Hecht, Leipzig, 1900. von Eduard Brenner, Heidelberg, 1909.
Grm. D. M. (trans.). Teutonic Mythology, by Jacob Grimm, B. Ben. Interl. later B. Ben. I.
translated from the fourth edition by J. S. Stallybrass, Salm. Kmbl. later Sal. K.
4 vols., 1888. Solii. H. King Alfred’s Old English Version of St. Augus­
Guthl.; Gdwin. later Guth. tine’s Soliloquies, ed. by H. L. Hargrove, New York,
Guth. Gr. Das angelsächsische Prosa-Leben des hl. Guth- 1902.
lac, herausgegeben von Paul Gonser, Heidelberg, 1909. Stemm. Die althochdeutschen Glossen, Steinmeyer and
; H. R. N. History of the Holy Rood-tree, edited by Prof. Sievers, Berlin, 1879-98.
A. S. Napier. E. E. T. S., No. 103, 1894. Stvt. Bdr. II. A Second Anglo-Saxon Reader, archaic and
Hamp. Ps. Hampole’s Psalms and Canticles with a Com­ dialectal, by Henry Sweet, Oxford, 1887.
mentary, edited by H. R. Bramley, Oxford, 1884. Te Dm. Lye. See Anglia, ii. 357.
Hexam.; Norm, later Hex. Tupper. The Riddles of the Exeter Book, ed. by Frederic
Homl. Ass. later Hml. A. Tupper, 1910.
Homl. Skt. later Hml. S. Verc. Börst. Der Vercelli-Codex CXVII, von Max Förster,
Homl. Th. later Hml. Th. Halle, 1913.
Hymn. Surt. later Hy. S. Vis. Lfe. An Old English Vision of Leofric, Earl of Mercia,
Jord. Die altenglischen Säugetiernamen, von Richard by A. S. Napier. Philological Society’s Transactions,
Jordan, Heidelberg, 1903. 1908.
Jud. Gm. Epilog. See vol. i of Grein’s Bibliothek der Vit. Cuth. Bede’s Latin life of St. Cuthbert.
Angelsächsischen Prosa, pp. 263-5. Vit. Cuth. poet. The poetical version of the life.
Kl. Nom. Stam. Nominale Stammbildüngslehre der altger- Whitman. The Birds of Old English Literature, by C. H.
manischen Dialekte, von Friedrich Kluge, Halle, 1886. Whitman. The Journal of Germanic Philology, vol. ii,
L.; Th. later LI. Th. No. 2, 1898.
Lchdm. later Loh. Wulfst. later Wlfst.
Ld. Gl. G. _ Das Leidener Glossar. Program des kgl. In passages cited from the poetry reference is made to Grein’s
■ humanistischen Gymnasiums St. Stephan in Augsburg, Bibliothek and only the contractions used in his Lexicon
verfasst von P. Plazidius Glogger, 1901. are given; e.g. instead of Cd. 43 ; Th. 56, 21; Gen. 915
Ld. Gl. H. A late eighth-century Latin-Anglo-Saxon Glos- only Gem 915 is given.
sary, preserved in the Library of the Leiden University,
edited by J. H. Hessels, Cambridge, 1906. 1
ADDITIONAL CONTRACTIONS
An. Ox. Old English Glosses, edited by Arthur S. Napier, KL Nom. Stam. Nominale Stammbildungslehre der alt­
M.A., Ph.D., Oxford, 1900. germanischen Dialecte, von F. Kluge, Halle,' 1886.
Archiv. Archiv fur das Studium der neueren Sprachen und Iid. Gl. H. A late eighth-century Latin-Anglo-Saxon Gloss­
Literaturen, begründet von Ludwig Herrig. ary, preserved in the library of the Leiden University,
Bel.; Sch. König Alfreds Übersetzung von Bedas Kirchen­ edited by J. H. Hessels, Cambridge, 1906.
geschichte, herausgegeben von Jacob Schipper (vol. iv of 111. Iibnm. Die Gesetze der Angelsachsen, herausgegeben
Grein’s BibPothek der A.S. Prosa). Quoted by book von F. Liebermann, Halle, 1903-.
and chapter, and by page and line. lior. H. The Lorica Hymn, in vol. vi of Grein’s Bibliothek
Beiblatt. Beiblatt zur Anglia. der Angelsächsischen Prosa. Quoted by page and line.
Bl. IT. Notes on the Bückling Homilies in Modern Philology, Mart. H. An Old English Martyrology, edited by George
vol. i, Part II. Herzfeld, Ph.D. [E. E. T. Soc. Pub., No. 116, 1900.J
Bt.; S. King Alfred’s Old English Version of Boethius De Midd. Flur. Altenghsches Flumamenbuch, von Dr. Hein­
Consolatione Philosophiae, edited by W. G. Sedgefield, rich Middendorff, Halle, 1902.
Oxford, 1899. IT. E. D. The New English Dictionary, edited by Dr.
Cht, Crw. The Crawford Collection of Eárly Charters and Murray. -
Documents now in the Bodleian Library, edited by A. S. Nap. Contributions to Old English Lexicography, by Prof.
Napier and W. H. Stevenson, Oxford, 1895. A. S. Napier. [Philological Society’s Transactions,
Chr. j P. Two of the Saxon Chronicles, edited by Charles 1906.]
Plupimer, M.A., Oxford, 1892. ITio. H. The Gospel of Nicodemus in the Apocryphal New
D. D. The Dialect Dictionary, by Prof. Joseph Wright. Testament, printed for William Hone. [10th edition,
Gall. Vorstudien zu einem altniederdeutschen Wörterbuche, 1872.]
von J. H. Gallée, Leiden, 1903.· Prov. M.. Proverbia Anglosaxonica, in Collectanea Anglo-
Goetz. Corpus Glossariorum Latinorum, ed. Georg. Goetz., Saxonica, edited by L. C. Müller, Havniae, 1835.
Lips., 1888-1901. Ps. V. The Vespasian Psalter, in O. E. Texts, edited by
Grm. D. M. (trans.). Teutonic Mythology, by Jacob Grimm, H. Sweet.
translated from the fourth edition by J. S. Stallybrass, Solii. H. King Alfred’s Old English' Version of St. Augus­
1882. tine’s Soliloquies, edited by H, L. Hargreve, Ph.D.
H. R. IT. The Legend of the Cross, from a twelfth-century [Yale Studies in English.] New York, 1902.
MS., &c., edited by Prof. A. S. Napier, E.E. T.Soc. Pub., Whitman. The Birds of Ola English Literature, Journal
No. 103. of Germanic Philology, vol. ii, No. 2, 1898.
A
a; prep. Omit: Ps. Th. 18, 8 belongs to a. (? the passage seems to mean * that they fed on what nature required for
a (ð); adv. Ever. Add: Δ. always; semper. I. in reference to eter­ her needs’), Hml. S. 23b, 130. (2) where the object is something due,
nity. (i) alone:—Ealle gesceafta woldon a bión; álcere wuhte is gecynde a tax, or the like:—Ic him älyfde alle nedbäde tuegra sceopa, dä de
daet hit wilnige daet hit a sié, Bt.^34, 12; F. 152, 18. (2) defined by äbaedde beód from daem nedbäderum, C. D. i. 114, 20. Ys fíra íenig
adverbs:—Á for}> ece, Azmi a. A for]? heonan, Cri. 582. (3) empha­ dära de ... an man äge deád ábáde, íer se dæg cyme is there any
sized by noun phrases:—iÉfre sig Dryhten gebletsod, ä worulda woruld, man whom death can claim before the appointed day comes f (? the
Nie. 19, 24. Á on worlda for]), Hy. 7, 123. Á tö worulde forJ>, 6,13. passage seems corrupt), Sal. 478.
Ä tð worulde, ä bütan ende, Sat. 315· Ä bütan ende ece, Cri. 415· á-bæran to bring out, bring to light:—Ðæt dæt díhle waes openum
Á to ealdre, D6m. 29. Á tð feore, Cri. 1678. II. denoting con­ wordum sý eall ábæred omnia luci verbis reddantur apertis, Dðm. L. 41.
tinuity or continual recurrence in temporary matters:—Ä þenden standeþ v. æ-bære (-bere), ä-beran.
woruld, Gen. 915 : B. 283. Á fordh in dies, Txts. 70, 529. For]) abal. v. afol.
unwemme á, Cri. 300. Ä mid seldom in álce tíd geweorj)ad, 405.^ Us a-bannan. Add:—Ábanie (-banne?) jussus, Germ. 391, 55.
freedom gief from yfla gehwäm á tð wídan feore, Hy. 5» **· A in a-barian. Add: I. to make bare, strip:—Stówe rðde äbarude locum
wintra worn, Dan. 334. Á ic syrnles wæs willan pints georn, An. 64. cruce denudatum, Angl. xiii. 42 7,894. II. to lay bare, expose, disclose:—
Ic á and symble cwæj), Ps. 94, to. Ä on symbel semper, Gr. D. 283, 6. Ælfremeda wunda nä äbarian {detegere) and geswutelian, R. Ben. I. 80,
On dä gerad dæt hi gecuron heora kynecyn ää on dá wífhealfa, Chr. 12. Gylt äbarian delictum denudare, Scint. 195, 2. For äbaredum
Erl. p. 3, 16. Of Angle se ä syddan stðd westig, 449; Erl. 13, 16. (äbored, in marg.) ob detectum, apertum, revelatum, Hpt. Gl. 474, 78.
Ää after dam hit yfelode, 975 ; Erl. 127, 32. He wíslíce ráédde oftost ä Äbarude retectos, Germ. 393, 64. [Q. B. Ger. ar-barðn denudare,
simie, 959; Erl. 119, 26. Wæs ä blídemod, 1065; Erl. 196, 34. Hí prodere.]
S baerndon swá M geférdon, 1010; Erl. 144,1. II a. of continuity abbod-häd. Add:—Dä de daene abbod ίδ abbodhäde gecuron qui
in space-measurement:—Waes daet land genemnad Nazanleóg ä oj) abbatem ordinant, R. Ben. 124, 16. Sé de t6 abbodhäde sceal qui
Certices ford, Chr. 508; Erl. 15, 19. II b. of continuous increase ordinandus est, 118, 3.
or decrease (with comparatives) :—Sceal him danan ford ä ]>e bet abbodisse. Add:—Seó abbodyssa, Lch. iii. 428, ΐβ. Abbodesse,
belimpan, Wlfst. 39, 11. Ðeós woruld is sorhful and fram daege to daege L. In. 23 ; Th. i. 118, I. Abbudesse, Chr. 805; Erl. 60, 17.
á swä leng swä wyrse, 189, 6. II 0. of continuous correspondence, abbod-íeást, e; f. Lack of an abbot:—Ðæt mynstres ])incg ne
quite {as) :—Da sendon hie eft Marius angeán Geoweor]>an, a swä lytigne forwyr)>an for abbudleáste ut non res monasterii abbatis privatione
and ä swá brægdenne swä he waes Marius, qui non minore pene quam depereant, C. D. B. i. 155, 37*
ipse praeditus erat astutia, Ors. 5, 7 i S. 228, 32· P&r wæs ^ swa á-beátan. Add:—Ic dé dine te]> of abeáte, Lch. i. 326, 15.
micel dem swä on Alexandria wres, 6,14 ; S. 270, 2. III. making abécédé;/. An ABC, alphabet:—Seó forme äbecede on dam gerime
a condition emphatic:—Nan ænig þing ]>eáh })e ä lytel {anything though ys bfitan pricon, and seó öder ys gepricod on da swydran healfe, and seó
always small, though never great) hys ägenre findinege don geþrístlæce þrydde on dä wynstran healfe. . . . Hersefter we wyllaþ tðdálan dä
nullus quippiam quamuis parum sua propria adinuentione agere pre- abecedaria on twä tðdselednyssa, Angl. viii. 332, 42. Wé willa]) da
sumat, Angl. xiii. 441, 1081. B. at any time; unquam. I. in stafas onsundron gewrídan de dä estfullan preóstas on heora getæle
any,case, at all:—Mid märan unráede done him ä behofode {than was habbaj), and dáeræfter Ebreiscra ábécedé wé willa}) geswutelian, and
at all proper for him), Chr. 1093 ; Erl. 229, 3. Gif he 5 wære geenyssed Greciscra, and dæt getæl dæra stafena we þenca}) tð cýdanne, 335, 39.
mid maenniscre herenesse, Gr. D. 59, 28. E4 lä! daet du ä woldest sæne á-bedecian; p. ode To get by begging, v. a-be^ecian sit Diet., and
weorþan, An. 203. Hwæder siddan ä Drihten ämetan wolde wrece be bedecian.
gewyrhtum, Met. 9, 34. II. strengthening a negation:—Hié ä á-bégendlíc, a-behðfian. v. un-äbigendlic, ä, B. I.
noldon, Dan. 189. No dæs fela . . . dæt ä se ríca recan wolde, 596: ä-belgan. Add:—Äbealg exacerbavit, provocavit, adflixit, Wrt. Voc.
B. 779. Ne dser hleona]) 00 unsmeþes wiht, Ph. 35. Νδ wania]) δ ii. 144, 56. Äbulge offenderet, 63, 4. Äbolgen ringescens, 90, 47.
holtes frætwe, 72 : Cri. 313: Gen. 833. III. emphasizing a ques­ (i) with dat. or uncertain:—Dä ábylignesse gebete de heó Gode ábylgd
tion, {why) ever:—Hwí eów S lyste (cf. hwT ge wilnigen, Bt. F. 68, 26), (äbealh, v.l.) iram Dei, quam excitaverit, placare, L. Ecg. P. ii. i6; Th.
Met. 10, 18. IV. in any degree, any (with comparatives)Ne ii. 188, 4. Gif us hwä abylg}), donne beó we sðna yrre, Bl. H. 33, 26.
oncnäwd ä lengc stöwe non cognoscet amplius locum, Ps. L. 102, 16 : Done mon eft lufian de him ser äbealg, Past. 220, 26, Hwi irsast dü
An. 1469: H. R. 17, 22. Hwæþer du hit ä sweotolor ongiton^maege, wiþ üs? on hwäm äbulgon we dé? Bt. 7> 5 » F. 24, i. Gif he hwäm
Bt. 34, 4; F. 138, 16: 35, 5 ; F. 166, 23 : 30, 1 ; F. 108, 28. Á lator, äbulge, Wlfst. 180, 10: Ors. 6, ir; S. 2 66, 10. (2) with ac'c.:—Dy
Gr.D.59,19. Hwí eart dü donne ä dý betera, Bt. 13; F. 38,9. Wenst læs hé äbelge mid dære suigean done dðm dæs Sceáweres ne spectatoris
du daet ht ä þe deórwyrþran seón, 14, 2; F. 44, 2: 27, 2; F. 98, 9. judicium ex silentio offendat, Past. 93, 5. Forbeád se biscop dæt hi ne
[Goth, aiw : O. Sax. Ο. H. Ger. eo: Ger. je: lcel. £, ei (ey).] v. äwa. weópon, dý læs [hi] dä hälgan treów }mrh heora w6p and teáras äbulgen
[Omit the part within brackets at end o/ä.j monuit sacerdos ut pergeremus fletum ululatumque nostrum sacras
a- [O. Sax. O. Frs. ä: O.B. Ger. ar- (ir-, ur-) : Goth. us-.] v. £-. arbores dicens offendisse\ Nar. 32, 14. pi äne þe him ár äbolgen wæs,
ab. v. o-web. Ors. 2,5; S. 80,17. Ábolgene (-bloncgne in text) weron indignati sunt,
S-bacan to bake:—Nim ælces cynnes melo and äbacae man hläf, Leb. Mt. L. 26, 8. \Laym. abalh; p.; abol3en; pp.: O. Sax. á-belgan:
1. 404, 5. post tð cicle äbacen, 364, 15: Gr. D. 87, 21. Hläfas on Ο. H. Ger. ar-belgan.]
beágwísan äbacene, 343, 15. ä-beligan. v. ä-bilgan.
ä-beedan. Substitute the following: I. to force, wring:—Ele a-beódan. Add: (1) to announce, declare a message:—He word
äbaidaii and äwringan of þam bergum ab olivis exigere oleum torquendo, ahead he delivered the words of his message, B. 390. Daet he hyre
Gr. D. 250, 22. II. to compel:—Gif daet nýd abæde]) cum ærende äbude däm bisceope dysum wordum, Hml. S. 2, 68. Ðæt ic wiþ
exhiberi mysterium ipsa necessitas compellit, Bd. 1, 27; S. 497, 1. Ne de sceolde ærendspræce äbeodan, Rä. 61, 16. Äboden bid praedica­
he on horses hrycg cuman wolde, nemne hwylc nýd märe ábædde nisi si bitur, Lk. R. 12, 3: 24, 47. (I a) where the message is given by a
major necessitas compulisset, 3, 5 ; S. 526, 28. Wé beó]> genýdede and clause:—He ábeád dæt ægder dära folca ðþrum ägeafe ealle dä men de
äbxdede, dæt wé sceolon ägyldan, Gr. D. 350, 10. III. to demand, hié gehergead hæfden, Ors. 4, 6; S. 178, 12. (2) to announce what is
require, (i) where the object is something needed or requisite:—Nániges coming:—Heáhengel hálo äbead Marian, dæt heó Meotod sceolde
fultumes ábéede}) (-d, MS.) sió lär nullum adjutorium expostulet ratio, Nar. cennan, Men. 50: An. 96. Ðæt du hellwarum hyht ne äbeode, ah dü
2, 3. Gif se geleáfa äbaede]) si fides exigat, Gr. D. 176, 14: 333, 19. him seegan miht sorga máeste, Sat. 695. Se deáþ him t5 cyme}) Godes
Dä de se hring ealles geáres on wurjmnge symbeldaga ábædde ea quae d6m tó äbeodenne, Bl. Η. 59» Ι2· (2 a) ί0 announce the coming of
totius anni circulus in celebratione dierum festorum poscebat, Bd. 4, 18 ; a person:—Hæfde hé seleweard äseted, sundornytte beheold, eoton
M. 314, 33. HÍ daet scyp gehlæsted hæfdon mid dam dingum de swä weard äbeäd {the guard's special office was to give notice of GrendeVs
mycles síjfaetes nýd abædde quae tanti itineris necessitas poscebat, 5, 9; coming), B. 668. (3) in formulae of greeting, to bid farewell, (hail
S, 623,18. Hí wáron gefedde mid dæs gecyndes neádþearfnysse ábæde äbeodan) to hail;—He hælo äbead heordgeneátum he bade farewell to
A.-S. SUPPL,
2 A-BEOFIAN—A-BISGIAN
his comrades, B. 241$. Héht he Elenan hæl abeódan he sent salutation hit sum öder man äbiddan wolde oþþe gebicgan (would get it by asking
to Elene, EL 1004. (4) to announce what may be accepted, to offer:— or by purchase), Chr. 1044; P. 164, If. Ðeáh de ic georne bilde, ne
Nü ic de cyst abeád Ιο! I have offered you a choice, Gen. 1919. Fe!a mihte ic lýfnesse äbiddan porro diligentius obsecrans, nequaquam impe­
gl mS earda Sboden habbaþ, Gu. 280. (5) to announce what is to be trare potui, Bd. 5,6; S. 619,8. (ia) the object a clause:—Ða abáedan
obeyed, to bid, command:—He up locade, swä se är ahead, EL 87: hý uneáde, dset mon gedyigode sume hwíle, Wlfst. 100, 7. (lb) the
Gen. 1362. Ahead cyning Regnum sinum, dæt hid . . ., 1869. De object an acc. and Infra.:—Lucius bsed hine Crístenne beón and eác absed,
ábeódau het he, dæt du , Gu. 1348. Engel stefne ábeád, het dæt Bd. 1,4; S. 473, 25. (2) where the person from whom the object (acc.
treow ceorfan, Dan. 510. (6) to summon, call outHe fyrde het ut or clause) is obtained is given :—Dä äbsedon hié set Gode, dæt hit rínde
abeódan, Chr. 1091 ; Erl, 227, 33. Ábeódende eliciens (igniferas fui- ad invocationem nominis Christi vis pluviae effecta est, Ors. 6,13; S. 268,
minum coruscationes, Aid. 62), Wrt. Voc. ii, 85, 46. Bid geban mice! 15. Ðæt ge æt ænegum godum mehten ren äbiddan ut optati imbres
and äboden j>ider eal Adames cnosl omnes homines cogentur adesse, Dom. L. superveniant, 4, 10; S. 194, 26: BL H. 187, 19. Hé hsefde of ðþerum
128. [He his ærnde abed (bed, 2nd MS.), Lay. 4423. Ο. H. Ger. ar- þeódum äbeden IlII CM, Ors. 2, 5; S. 8ο, 5. Gif he wolde äbiddan set
biotan exhibere} offerre: Ger, er-bieten,] Gode, dset he moste his feónde äfyllan, Chr. 626; P. 25, 11: 1093;
a-beofian. v. ä-bifian. P. 228,15. (3) where the person for whom is given;—Ðæt oft wæpen
a-beornan (-bi(e)rnan). Add:—Ábyrndexardescit,Ps. L. 38,4. Hé abaed his mondryhtne weapon oft it (a sheath) got for its lord, Ra.
äbarn (exarsit) mid dý bryne wselhreównesse, Gr. D. 162, 22. Ðset his 56, 12. (4) where the purpose for which is given:—Hió hiere tð
mod ábume (exardesceret), 337, 33. Áburnon exarserunt, Ps. L. 117, 12. fultume abaed Moiosorum cyning prosequeute rege Molossorum, Ors,
S-beówed. v. a-bíwan. 3, ii; S. 148, ii. (5) where (2) and (3) are combined:—Monige
a-bsran. Add: I. with sense of movement, (1) to bear off, men him forgifenesse set urum Drihtne äbiddaj?, BL H. 65, 8. Dä Pyhtas
bring, carry:—Se hwæl hine abser to Niuiuea birig, Ælfc. T. Gm. 10, heom abáédon wif set Scottum, Chr. P. p. 3, 15. (6) with gen. of
13. Mid dý we ure scyp fram dam ýjmm upp Sbæron (exportaremus), thing:—Se de sum wundorltc ding on Godes naman don wile, odde
Bd. 5, i; S. 614, II. Ic gaderode me ... da wlitegostan treówo be se de sumes wundres dyslíce set Gode äbiddan wile, Hml. Th. 170, 30.
dám dæle de ic äberan mihte; ne com ic mid änre byrdene hám, de mé (7) govt* uncertain:—Gif hwä him ryhtes bidde, and äbiddan ne mæge,
ne lyste eaine dane wude häm brengan, gif ic hyne ealne äberan mihte, L. In. 8 ; Th. i. ιοβ, 21. [Goth. us-bid(j)an optare: O. Sax. ä-biddian:
Shm. 163,5-11. (1 a) reflex.:—He ongann to däm swýde cwacian and O. H. Ger. ar-bitan obsecrare, exposcere: Ger. er-bitten.] v.un-abeden
mid fotum tealtian, dæt he uneáde hine sylfne äberan mihte coepit and äbeden in Diet.
tremere, seque ipsum nutanti gressu vix posse portare, Gr. D. 36, 21. a-bifian. Add:—Ðæt hüs äbifpde (contremuit), Gr. D. 182, 2I.
(2) to bring forth, (a) to bear a child:—Ðæt beam de abær íirne Donne hi his stdfaet gemunde, donne äbläcode he eall and äbifode,
Holend, HmL A. 25,16: HniL Th. i. 19S, r. (b) to bring to light:— Shrn. 52, 2. Dset forscildgode wif eallum limum äbifode, Ap. Th. 26,
Se goldhord ne mæg beon forholen, nu hit swä upp is äboren, HmL S. 17. [0. H. Ger. ar-beben contremere: Ger. er·beben.]
23, 604. II. with sense of rest (metaph.). (1) to bear with, ä-bigan to deflect, turn away:—He nä ne afiýmde ne ne Sbýgde
tolerate:—Seó cyrice . . . swá ábireþ (portat) and seldeth, dset oft dæt fram him sylfum done ege his modes (the verbs here seem a mistranslation
yfel äberende (portando) and yldende beweraþ, Bd. 1, 27; S. 491, 31. of divulgavit in the original), Gr, D. 107, 16. Ne mihton ht done
(2) to bear, endure, not to give way under trial, suffering, &c.:—He þa 5treám fbýgan (deflectere), 192, 24. [Add here a-began in Diet„ and cf.
wítu abær tormenta ferebat, Bd. 1,7; S. 477, 46, Hwæder sió gecynd un-abtgendlic.]
dæs Jíchoman sié Strang, and eáþeltce mæge dá strangan læcedómas a-bilgan to offend, exasperate, irritate, provoke:— Ongan^mancyn
äberan, Lch. ii. 84, 13. Se drenc wæs deádbære, dä da he ne mihte abeligan God for sunnandæges weorcurn, Wlfst. 213, II. Ábælgede
ltfes täcn äberan (the vessel containing the liquor had burst when the sign wérun indignati sunt, Mt. R. 26, 8. [O. H. Ger. ar-beigen offendere,
of the cross was made), HmL Th. ii. 158, 23. (3) to bear, be under an laedere.] v. a-bseiigan, -bylgan in Diet.
obligation for an imposition, &c.:—Ábere se borh dæt hl äberan scolde, ä-bindendlio. v. un-äbindendlic.
L. Edg. ii. 6; Th. i. 268,9. [Goth, us-bairan auferre, proferre, portare: ä-birgan. Add to a-byrgan (in Diet.): (1) with gen.:—Heora áeíc
Ο. Η. Ger. ar-beran edere, afferre.] abyrige dæs haligwæteres, LI. Th. i, 226, 24. (2} with acc.:—He
a-bered. Add:—Feond abered hostis callidus, Scint. 92,12: 209, 2. äbyrgde dä forbodenan fictreówes blslda, Sal. K. l82, 34. v. on-Sirgan.
Äbered, litig callidus, Germ. 390, 41. á-birging, e;/. Taste:—Ábiringe gustum, Confess. Pecc. 183, 12.
a-berendlic. Add:—Swilc forgifnes swilce hit for Gode gebeorhlic sý, á-bisgian:—Äbysegode exercitos, Germ, 388, 23. I. to busy,
and for weorulde äberendlic, L. Edg. ii. 1; Th. i. 266, 6. Dom ... for employ, engage, occupy, exercise, (1) with acc. of person (or passive) and
worolde äberendlic, L. Eth. vi. 10; Th. i. 318, 7. v. un-áberendltc, -e. (a) gen. of occupation:—Ne sceal he hyne nä äbysgian worldlícra bysgunga
a-berstan; p. -baerst To burst forth:—Se wtlm da;s innodes ut äbirst non debet occupari mundanis negotiis, L. Ecg. P. i. 7; Th. ii. 174, 27.
(•biersd, Hat. MS.) and wterd to sceabbe fervor intimus usque ad cutis (b) gerundia! infui.:—Hl wses äbysgod wingeard to settanne ad putandam
scabiem prorumpit, Past. 70, 9. Donne äbirst (-biersd, Hat. MS.) dár vineam occupatus, Gr. D. 88,17. (c) with prepositions (a) mid, to occupy
hwæthwugu ut daes de he swugian sceolde difficile est, ut non ad aliquid, a person with something:—Donne hié mid dissum hwtlendlicum dingum
quod dicere non debet, erumpat, 164, 15, Üt äbserst eruperit, up äbserst hié seife äbisgia]* (-bisegiaj), Hat. MS.) dum temporali sollicitudini incaute
emerserit, Hpt. GL 512, 68. Da ábærst micel dunor and liget, Hml. Th. deserviunt, Past. 138, 7. Mid dæm innerran ánum ábisgad (-bisegad,
11. 184, 4. Dset äborstene clif (the detached crag) hreás ofdüneweard, (Hat. MS.) solis interioribus occupatus, 126, 15 : L. Ecg. P. iii. 9; Th.
Gr. D. 12, 9. [O.H. Ger. ar-brestan erumpere.] ii. 198, 23. Din mod wæs äbisgod mid dære ansíne dissa leásena gesælda
ä-bet, bepeeian, -bicgan. v. ä, B. IV, -bedecian, -bycgan, occupato ad imagines visu, Bt. 22, 2; F. 78, 9. (ß) on, to engage in
a-bidan. Add: (i) absolute:—He for intð Lodene and dáer äbäd, something:—Ne äbysga du din mod on misltcum dingum, Bas.^38, 18.
Chr. 1091; P. 226, 36. Maximus mid firde bäd (äbäd, v.l.) set Gif din willa bid gelðme äbysgod on Godes herungum, 40, 8. Ábysgod
Aquilegia Aquileiae Maximus insederat, Ors. 6, 36; S. 292, 25. Hl on wseccum and on sealmsange occupatus vigiliis et psalmis, Bd. 4, 25;.
forlet his here äbidan mid Scottum, Chr. P. p. 5,6. Nü wolde ic gebetan, S. 600, 40. (γ) ymbe, to busy, concern about somethingDset he
gif ic äbidan moste (if 1 might continue to live) . . . ac ic wät dset ic hine sylfne ne äbysige ymbe näne worldlice ábysgunge (occupari circa
ne eom wyrde daes fyrstes, Hml. S. 26, 251. (2) with gen.:—Hwaes aliqua mundana negotia), L. Ecg. P1. i. 6 i Th. ii. 174, 19. HI wæs
äbltst du?, Hml. S. 24, 23. He wederes äbäd, Chr. 1094; P. 229, 2. äbisgod ymb dæs folces dearfe infirmantium negotiis urgetur, Past. Σ03,1.
Hi äbiden heora males they waited for their pay, 1055; P. 186, 19. On smeáunga äbisgod ymb da hälgan & sacrae legis meditationibus
(3) case uncertain:—Äbtd dryht expecta Dominum, sustine Dominum, intentus, 169, i. Ymb Godes þeówdóm äbisgod, BL Η. 283, I. Ymb
P*. Srt. 26, 14. [Goth, us-beidan expectare: Ο. H. Ger, ar-bitan,] his saule hælo äbysegod erga sanitatem animae suae occupatus, Bd. 4, 25;
a-biddan. Add: I. to pray:—To msegindrymme dínurn tð äbid- S. 6oi, 10. Ymbe näne woroldbysgunge äbysgode mundano negotio
danne (idoneos) ad majestatem tuam exorandum, Rtl. 87, 31. II. nullo occupati, L. Ecg. P. iii. 8; Th. ii. 198, 22. Ða hwile de da
to pray to, entreat a person:—Ábiddaj? (biddaþ, v.l.) hine, Bt. 42; æmettan ymbe da stedan abisgode beód dum formicae circa eos occupatae
F, 258, 21. III. to ask for, entreat, (1) with acc. of thing:—Seó sunt, Nar. 35, 15. (S) wij>, to employ against:—He wid done here
äwyrgednes de eówer yídran abædon sylfe, . . . dä hio cwádon . . . , äbisgod waes, Chr. 894; P. 37, 8. (2) with acc. of time, to employ time
H. R. 7, 32. (i a) where the person from whom is given:—Heó ábæd in a pursuit:—Munecas de heora ciidhäd habbaj) äbisgod on cræftigum
In hrtdder hire to læne æt odium wife praestari sibi capisterium petiit, bocum, Angl. viii, 321, 27. (3) with acc. of place:—Wildeór ábysgiaþ
Gr. D. 96. 33. Ht absédon (petierunt) set däm Egiptiscon hira fatu, Ex. þa stðwe occupaverunt bestiae loca, Gr. D. 258, 20. (4) used intransi­
12, 35. Ðám de bid märe befæst, from dæm märe bid äbeden, R. Ben. tively, to engage in:—HI on dære mänfullan scilde ábisgode, Ap. Th.
14, 4. (i b) where the person for whom is given Willtu wit unc 2, 4. II. with the idea of trouble, worry, oppression, to trouble,
Sbiddan drincan ?, Bd. 5, 3; S. 616, 30. (2) the request given in worry, embarrass, exercise, harass, (1) with acc. of person alone:—Gif hi
a clause:—Dü äb»de set me, dset ic dl write, Guth. 4, 20. IV. to ml abysgiaþ, donne ne mæg ic smeágan mine unscylda, Ps. Th. 18, ia.
get by asking, (i) with acc. of thing:—Hié sendon Hannan, and he hit (2) also with prep, (a) mid:—Gif hwá sié äbisgod (-bisegod, Hat. MS.)
abaed Annonis oratione meruerunt, Ors. 4. 7* S. 183, 13. Ðá abæd heó mid hwelcum scyldum si praeoccupatus fuerit homo in aliquo delicto, Past.
an hridder she borrowed a sieve, Hml. Th. ii. 154, 15. He wende dæt 158, 10. His mod bid sutde iédegende and sulde abisgad mid eordlicra