AmeriFlux Measurement Component (AMC) Handbook

29 Pages·2016·0.96 MB·English

DOE/SC-ARM-TR-143
Measurement Component Instrument Handbook

K Reichl
SC Biraud

April 2016
DISCLAIMER

This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by the U.S.
Government. Neither the United States nor any agency thereof, nor any of
their employees, makes any warranty, express or implied, or assumes any
legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or
usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or
represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference
herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade
name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily
constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the
U.S. Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of
authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the
U.S. Government or any agency thereof.
DOE/SC-ARM-TR-143

Measurement Component
Instrument Handbook

K Reichl, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
SC Biraud, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

April 2016

Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy,
Office of Science, Office of Biological and Environmental Research

K Reichl and SC Biraud, April 2016, DOE/SC-ARM-TR-143
Acronyms and Abbreviations
AC alternating current
AMC AmeriFlux Measurement Component
AMF ARM Mobile Facility
ARM Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Climate Research Facility
ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange
cm centimeter
DC direct current
DOE U.S. Department of Energy
ft foot
g gram
LBNL Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
mA milliamperes
nm nanometer
NSA North Slope of Alaska
PAR photosynthetically active radiation
QA quality assurance
QC quality control
VAC volts, alternating current
VDC volts, direct current
VWC volumetric water content
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K Reichl and SC Biraud, April 2016, DOE/SC-ARM-TR-143
Contents
Acronyms and Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................... iii
1.0 General Overview ................................................................................................................................. 1
2.0 Contacts ................................................................................................................................................ 1
2.1 Mentor .......................................................................................................................................... 1
2.2 Vendor/Instrument Developer ...................................................................................................... 1
3.0 Instrument Description ......................................................................................................................... 2
4.0 Measurements Taken ............................................................................................................................ 3
5.0 Links to Definitions and Relevant Information .................................................................................... 4
5.1 Data Object Description ............................................................................................................... 4
5.2 Data Ordering ............................................................................................................................... 4
5.2.1 Primary Variables .............................................................................................................. 4
5.2.2 Secondary/Underlying Variables Body Text .................................................................... 5
5.2.3 Diagnostic Variables ......................................................................................................... 5
5.3 Data Plots ..................................................................................................................................... 5
6.0 Data Quality .......................................................................................................................................... 6
6.1 Instrument Mentor Monthly Summary......................................................................................... 6
6.2 Calibration Database .................................................................................................................... 6
6.2.1 Calibration for PQS-1 PAR Sensors ................................................................................. 6
7.0 Technical Specification ........................................................................................................................ 7
7.1 Units ............................................................................................................................................. 7
7.2 Range ............................................................................................................................................ 7
7.2.1 PS200 Logger Power Supply/Charge Regulator ............................................................... 7
7.2.2 CS210 Logger Enclosure Relative Humidity .................................................................... 7
7.2.3 CS650/CS655 Volumetric Water Content and Temperature ............................................ 7
7.2.4 PQS-1 PAR Sensors .......................................................................................................... 8
7.3 Accuracy ...................................................................................................................................... 8
7.3.1 CS650/CS655 Volumetric Water Content ........................................................................ 8
7.3.2 CS650/CS655 Temperature ............................................................................................... 8
7.3.3 PQS-1 PAR ....................................................................................................................... 8
7.4 Repeatability ................................................................................................................................ 8
7.4.1 CS650/CS655 Volumetric Water Content ........................................................................ 8
7.4.2 CS650/CS655 Temperature ............................................................................................... 9
7.4.3 PQS-1 PAR ....................................................................................................................... 9
7.5 Sensitivity ..................................................................................................................................... 9
7.5.1 CS650/655 Volumetric Water Content and Temperature ................................................. 9
7.5.2 PAR ................................................................................................................................... 9
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K Reichl and SC Biraud, April 2016, DOE/SC-ARM-TR-143
7.6 Uncertainty ................................................................................................................................... 9
7.7 Input Voltage ................................................................................................................................ 9
7.8 Input Current ................................................................................................................................ 9
7.9 Input Values ............................................................................................................................... 10
7.10 Output Values ............................................................................................................................. 10
8.0 Instrument System Functional Diagram ............................................................................................. 11
8.1 Instrument Wiring Diagrams ...................................................................................................... 12
9.0 Instrument/Measurement Theory........................................................................................................ 14
9.1 CS650/CS655 Water Content Reflectometer Method of Measuring Volumetric Water
Content ....................................................................................................................................... 14
9.1.1 Description of Measurement Method .............................................................................. 14
9.1.2 The Topp Equation .......................................................................................................... 14
9.1.3 Electrical Conductivity .................................................................................................... 15
9.2 PQS-1 PAR Quantum Sensor ..................................................................................................... 16
10.0 Setup and Operation of Instrument ..................................................................................................... 16
10.1 Logger Mount Assembly at NSA C1 ......................................................................................... 16
10.2 Tripod at AMF3 ......................................................................................................................... 16
10.3 Cable Armoring .......................................................................................................................... 16
10.3.1 NSA C1 ........................................................................................................................... 16
10.3.2 NSA AMF3 ..................................................................................................................... 17
10.4 CS650/CS655 Sensor Installation .............................................................................................. 17
10.5 PQS-1 PAR Sensor Installation .................................................................................................. 17
11.0 Software .............................................................................................................................................. 17
11.1 LoggerNet .................................................................................................................................. 17
11.2 CR1000 Program ........................................................................................................................ 18
12.0 Calibration .......................................................................................................................................... 18
12.1 CS650/CS655 Volumetric Water Content and Temperature ..................................................... 18
12.2 PQS-1 PAR ................................................................................................................................ 18
13.0 Maintenance........................................................................................................................................ 18
13.1 CS650/CS655 Volumetric Water Content and Temperature ..................................................... 18
13.2 PQS-1 PAR Sensors ................................................................................................................... 18
13.3 Cables ......................................................................................................................................... 19
14.0 Safety .................................................................................................................................................. 19
15.0 Citable References .............................................................................................................................. 19

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K Reichl and SC Biraud, April 2016, DOE/SC-ARM-TR-143
Figures
1. Sample plot showing VWC for all 12 sensors for 1 week of data. ....................................................... 3
2. Sample plot showing soil temperature for all 12 sensors for 1 week of data. ....................................... 3
3. Sample plot showing PAR sensors for 1 week of data ......................................................................... 3
4. Signal diagram for AMC at NSA AMF3 ............................................................................................ 11

Tables
1. Calibration performed by the AmeriFlux QA/QC Laboratory for NSA M1 sensors............................ 6
2. Calibration performed by the Kipp & Zonen for NSA C1 sensors. ...................................................... 7
3. CS655 VWC/temperature sensors. ..................................................................................................... 12
4. PQS-1 PAR sensors. ........................................................................................................................... 13
5. CS210 enclosure relative humidity sensor. ......................................................................................... 13
6. AM16/32B multiplexer. ...................................................................................................................... 13
7. System power. ..................................................................................................................................... 13

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1.0 General Overview
AmeriFlux Measurement Component (AMC)
2.0 Contacts
2.1 Mentor
Lead Mentor: Ken Reichl
Earth Sciences Division
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
One Cyclotron Road
Berkeley, CA 94720
Phone: [phone]
[email protected]
Associate Mentor: Sebastien C. Biraud
Earth Sciences Division
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
One Cyclotron Road
Berkeley, CA 94720
Phone: [phone]
[email protected]
2.2 Vendor/Instrument Developer
Ken Reichl
Earth Sciences Division
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
One Cyclotron Road
Berkeley, CA 94720
Phone: [phone]
[email protected]
Dave Billesbach
157 L.W. Chase Hall
University of Nebraska
Lincoln, NE 68583
Phone: [phone]
[email protected]
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K Reichl and SC Biraud, April 2016, DOE/SC-ARM-TR-143
For CS655 Soil Volumetric Water Content/Temperature Sensors and CS210 Relative Humidity/Air
Temperature Sensors:
Campbell Scientific
815 West 1800 North
Logan, UT 84321
Phone: [phone]
Website: http://www.campbellsci.com/
For PQS-1 Photosynthetically Active Radiation (PAR) Sensors
Calibration:
AmeriFlux QA/QC Technical Laboratory
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Once Cyclotron Road
Berkeley, CA 94720
[email protected]
Repair:
Kipp & Zonen
Delftechpark 36
2628 XH Delft
The Netherlands
Phone: [phone]
[email protected]
3.0 Instrument Description
An AMC system was installed at the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Atmospheric Radiation
Measurement (ARM) Climate Research Facility North Slope of Alaska (NSA) Barrow site, also known as
NSA C1 at the ARM Data Archive, in August 2012. A second AMC system was installed at the third
ARM Mobile Facility deployment at Oliktok Point, also known as NSA M1.
This in situ system consists of 12 combination soil temperature and volumetric water content (VWC)
reflectometers and one set of upwelling and downwelling photosynthetically active radiation (PAR)
sensors, all deployed within the fetch of the Eddy Correlation Flux Measurement System. Soil
temperature and VWC sensors placed at two depths (10 and 30 cm below the vegetation layer) at six
locations (or microsites) allow soil property inhomogeneity to be monitored across a landscape.
The soil VWC and temperature sensors used at NSA C1 are the Campbell Scientific CS650L and the
sensors at NSA M1 use the Campbell Scientific CS655. The two sensors are nearly identical in function,
and vendor specifications are based on the CS650 unless otherwise stated.
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