American National Standard for High-Visibility Safety Apparel and Headwear

40 Pages·2005·1.33 MB·English

ANSlllSEA 107-2004
(REVISION OF ANSlllSEA 107-1999)
American National Standard
for High-Visibility Safety Apparel
and Headwear
Secretariat
International Safety Equipment Association
Approved September 15, 2004
American National Standards Institute, Inc.
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Published by
International Safety Equipment Association
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Copyright 2004 by ISEA
All rights reserved.
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Printed in the United States of Arnetka
This standard was processed and approved for submittal to ANSI by the Canvass Method. The following
organizations were contacted prior to the approval of this standard. Inclusion in this list does n6t I
necessarily imply that the organization concurred with the submittal of the proposed standard to ANSI.
M AA utomotive Services Louisiana Department of Transportation
American Public Transit Association Maryland State Highway Administration
American Road and Transportation Builders Association Memphis Light Gas &Water Co.
American Society of Safety Engineers Minnesota Department of Transportation
City of Chicago National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
City of Seattle Police Department National Utility Contractors Association
Emergency Responder Institute Ohio Department of Transportation
Federal Highway Administration Safety Equipment lnstitute
Florida Department of Transportation Salt River Project
Henkels & McCoy SSM Industries, Inc.
Illinois Department of Transportation Struck-by Alliance
International Personnel Protection, Inc. US Department of Labor - OSHA
International Safety Equipment Association
Contents
SECTION PAGE
1. Scope .................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Purpose ............................................................................................................................... 1
3 . Compliance ..................................................................................................................... 1
4 . Definitions. ........................................................................................................................... 2
5 . Types, Classes and Colors ................................................................................................. 2
6 . Design ................................................................................................................................. 4
6.1 Garment Requirements ............................................................................................. 4
6.2 Apparel Design Configurations. .............................................................................. 5
6.3 Ergonomics. ............................................................................................................... 5
6.4 Headwear Requirements. .......................................................................................... 6
7 . Requirements for Background and Combined-Performance Retroreflective Materials. ............... 6
7.1 Color .......................................................................................................................... 6
7.2 Colorfastness of Background Materials ....................................................................7
7.3 Dimensional Change of Background Materials ......................................................... 8
7.4 Mechanical Properties of Background Materials .......................................................8
7.5 Resistance to Water Penetration. ..............................................................................8
7.6 Water Vapor Permeability for Background Materials Classified as Breathable ........ 8
Photometric and Physical Performance Requirements for Retroreflective Materials ......... 9
8.1 Retroreflective Performance Requirements prior to Test Exposure ......................... 9
8.2 Retroreflective Performance Requirements after Test Exposure ............................. 9
Test Methods. ............................................................................................................... 9
9.1 Sampling and Conditioning .......................................................................................9
9.2 Determination of Color .............................................................................................. 9
9.3 Method for Determination of Retroreflective Photometric Performance ................. 10
9.4 Retroreflection after Test Exposure. ........................................................................ 10
Care Labeling ....................................................................................................................1 1
Marking. ............................................................................................................................I. I
11.1 General Marking ...................................................................................................... 11
11.2 Specific Marking ...................................................................................................... 11
Instructions for Use ......................................................................................................... 12
Contents
APPENDICES
-
Appendix A Method of Measuring Wet Retroreflective Performance ..................................... A-I
Al. Principle ................................................................................................................. A-I
A2. Apparatus ....................................................................................................... A-I
A3. Procedure .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. ... .... .. ... .. .. .. . .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. . . .. . .. .. ........... . .. .. .... .. .. . .. .. .. ... ... .. .. .. .. ... .. A-I
Appendix B - Suggested Performance Class Guidelines and Scenarios ................................. A-3
Appendix C - Examples of Garment Designs ........................................................................... A-4
Appendix D - Test Reports. ................................................................................................. A-8
Dl. Background Material Testing Report ................................................................ A-9
D2. Combined-Performance Retroreflective Material Testing Report, Level 2.. ...... .. A-1 2
03. Combined-Performance Retroreflective Material Testing Report, Level 1 .. ... .. ... A-14
D4. Retroreflective Material Testing Report, Level 2 .................................................A -16
D5. Retroreflective Material Testing Report, Level 1 .................................................A -18
D6. Apparel and Headwear Compliance Certificate Format ......................................A -20
REFERENCES. ................................................................................. ..................................... A-21
American National Standard
for High-Visibility Safety Apparel and Headwear
1. Scope 3. Compliance
This standard specifies performance 3.1 Background materials shall be certified
requirements for high-visibility safety apparel to verify performance to the requirements as
and headwear PPE. For the purpose of this specified in Sections 7 and 9 of this standard.
standard, apparel and headwear personal The form in Appendix Dl shall be used.
protective equipment (PPE) are referred to
throughout as "items". These items are intended 3.2 Combined-performance materials shall
to provide conspicuity to the user in hazardous be certified to verify performance to the
situations under any light conditions by day and requirements as specified in Sections 7.1.2,
under illumination by vehicle headlights in the 7.1.3, 8 and 9 of this standard. The forms in
dark. Appendix D2 for Level 2 and D3 for Level 1 shall
be used.
Performance requirements are included for
color, retroreflection, and minimum areas, as 3.3 Retroreflective materials shall be
well as the suggested configuration of the certified to verify performance to the
materials. Performance requirements are also requirements as specified in Sections 8 and 9 of
provided for the physical properties of this standard. The forms in Appendix D4 for
background materials used in the construction of Level 2 and D5 for level 1 shall be used.
high-visibility safety apparel and headwear. Test
methods are provided in the standard to help 3.4 Manufacturers of the finished items shall
ensure that a minimum level of visibility is verify that supplies used to make high-visibility
maintained when items are subjected to ongoing items meet the requirements of this standard.
care procedures.
All certificates and test reports that verify the
performance of materials used in manufacturing
2. Purpose the finished item shall be retained by the
manufacturer and be made available to ensure
that all items labeled as meeting this standard
Conspicuity is enhanced by high contrast
have completed all of the testing and
between the clothing andlor headwear and the
certification required by the standard.
ambient background against which it is seen.
This standard provides performance
Manufacturers of the finished items shall certify
requirements of conspicuous materials to be
or self-certify compliance that all garment design
used in high-visibility items and specifies
requirements are achieved to meet requirements
minimum areas and placement of the materials.
of Section 6.1 in their entirety.
This standard specifies minimum amounts of
The Apparel and Headwear Compliance
retroreflective materials, colors and placement of
Certificate in Appendix D6 shall be used. The
materials, for items used to enhance the visibility
compliance certificate shall be developed for all
and safety of workers. Performance Class
models produced by each company.
guidelines are identified with corresponding
recommendations for selection based on worker
NOTE: Appendix D contains the certificates to be
risk hazards, such as complex backgrounds,
used for certification Is elf-certification of the high-
vehicular traffic and speeds encountered.
visibility items, retroreflective, and background
(Appendix B provides a description of these
materials. All forms are available for download in
Performance Classes). Adobe Acrobat format on www.safetveauipment.org,
Page 1
ANSIIISEA 107-2004
4. Definitions Photometric performance level: The
effectiveness of retroreflective material in
4
Accredited laboratory: A laboratory having a returning light to its source, expressed in Table 5
certificate of accreditation meeting the as Level 2 and in Table 6 as Level I,a nd
requirements of ISOIIEC Guide Ii'O25:1999 (or measured in terms of coefficient of retro-
other equivalent standard) for the collection and reflection.
analysis of data within the parameters of this
standard. NOTE: The photometric terms and definitions used in
this document are defined in ASTM E284 and ASTM
E808.
Background material: Colored fluorescent
material intended to be highly conspicuous, but
PPE: Personal Protective Equipment
not intended to comply with the requirements of
this standard for retroreflective material.
Retroreflective material: Material that is a
retroreflector and is either 1) not intended to
Certify (background and retroreflective
comply with the requirements of this standard for
material): To obtain compliance certification
background material, or 2) is a combined-
documents based on testing from an
performance, retroreflective material.
independent, third-party accredited laboratory to
verify performance requirements as specified in
Self-certify: To verify apparel design
this standard.
requirements within this standard without the
use of an independent accredited laboratory or
Certify (finished item): To provide
other third-party.
documentation from either an independent,
third-party laboratory or to self-certify through
Shorts: A garment designed to cover the body
the use of the Apparel and Headwear
from the waist to the knees, divided into sections
Compliance Certificate. (Appendix D6)
to encircle each leg separately.
Combined-performance material: A
Trouser: A garment covering the body from the
retroreflective material that is also a fluorescent
waist to the ankle, divided into sections to
material. Combined performance materials can
encircle each leg separately.
be counted toward the minimum area
requirements for background material specified
in Table 1.
5. Types, Classes and Colors
Conspicuity: The characteristics of an object
influencing the probability that it will come to the 5.1 Finished items are specified as either
attention of an observer, especially in a complex apparel or headwear. Apparel includes, but is
environment which has competing objects. not limited to, clothing such as vests, jackets,
trousers, etc. Headwear includes, but is not
Fluorescent material: Material that limited to, items such as ball caps and knit caps.
instantaneously emits optical radiation within the
visible range at wavelengths longer than 5.2 Three Performance Classes are
absorbed and for which emission ceases upon specified in terms of minimum area of the
removal of the source of irradiation. These materials to be incorporated. A documented
materials enhance daytime visibility, especially hazard analysis should be performed to
during dawn and dusk. determine the appropriate Performance Class
required.
High-visibility headwear: Personal protective
item that is worn on the head and intended to 5.2.1 Performance Class 3: While the type of
provide conspicuity when worn both daytime and garment and the size of the wearer dictate the
nighttime. area of clothing, it is the intention of this
standard for Performance Class 3 to offer
High-visibility safety apparel: Personal greater visibility to the wearer in both complex
protective safety clothing intended to provide backgrounds and through a full range of body
conspicuity during both daytime and nighttime movements. Additionally, visibility is enhanced
usage. beyond Performance Class 2 by the 4
Page 2
enhancement of background and reflective 5.2.6 Each Performance Class shall have the
materials to the arms andlor legs. Regardless of minimum area of materials incorporated in the
)
the area of materials used, a sleeveless garment garment according to Table 1. Garments shall
or vest alone shall not be considered incorporate the minimum area of background
Performance Class 3. and retroreflective materials or combined-
performance material. The areas required are
5.2.2 Performance Class 2: Performance not intended to create a secondary hazard by
Class 2 provides superior visibility for wearers specifying garments that could get caught in
by the additional coverage of the torso, and is equipment or machinery. Care should be taken
more conspicuous than Performance Class 1. to ensure proper fit for all size wearers.
5.2.3 Performance Class 1: Performance 5.2.7 The photometric performance level of
Class 1 provides the minimum amount of retroreflective materials selected shall meet the
required material to differentiate the wearer from specifications in Table 5 or 6, in accordance with
the work environment. the Performance Class selected in Table 1.
Examples of suitable designs are illustrated in
5.2.4 Performance Class E Apparel: Appendix C.
Waistband trousers and shorts may be classified
as Performance Class E, which shall be the 5.2.8 Tables 5 and 6 specify the minimum
designation for this ensemble accessory photometric performance levels for
meeting all minimum requirements for "retroreflective" or "combined-performance"
retroreflective and background materials, except materials that shall be required for Performance
for minimum area and placement required for Class 3, Class 2, and Class 1 in accordance
Performance Class 3, 2, or 1. with Table 1.
Performance Class E trousers shall have a 5.2.9 The photometric performance of Level 2
i
minimum of 0.30 m (465 in of background retroreflective material is intended to provide
2 greater contrast and visibility over wider viewing
material and 0.07 m (108 in ) of retroreflective
angles of safety apparel when seen in
material. Retroreflective material for trousers
headlights during darkness. When greater
shall encircle each leg. Retroreflective material
conspicuity is required, the higher performance
shall not be placed less than 50 mm (1.97 in.)
level of retroreflective material should be used.
above the bottom of the trouser leg. When such
The specified level of retroreflective material
Performance Class E trousers are worn with a
used in the construction of a garment shall be
Performance Class 2 or 3 garment, the overall
indicated on the label as described in Section
classification for the ensemble shall be classified
11.2.
as a Performance Class 3 ensemble.
5.3 Table 2 and Table 3 specify the
Performance Class E shorts shall have a
performance requirements for the different
2 2
minimum of 0.30 m (465 in ) of background colors of background and combined-
2
material and 0.07 m2(108 in ) of retroreflective performance materials, providing options that
material. For shorts, the retroreflective material are intended to confer conspicuity against most
shall encircle each leg. When such environmental backgrounds found in urban and
Performance Class E shorts are worn with a rural work situation. Users should consider the
Performance Class 2 or 3 garment, the overall prevailing ambient background in which
classification for the ensemble shall be classified protection is required and select the color
as a Performance Class 3 ensemble. providing the preferred contrast.
5.2.5 Headwear is considered an important
accessory and complements the overall visibility
of the wearer. High-visibility headwear
enhances visibility to the head of a moving
worker in daylight and helps define the shape of
the human form during nighttime exposure.
Page 3
Table 1. Minimum areas of visible material
Performance Performance Performance Performance
Class 3 Class 2 Class 1 Class E
Background material 0.80 m2
(1240 in2)
material with
background material
Photometric performance ~ ~ v2 eor l Level 2 or Level 2 or Level 2 or Level 2
Level 1 Level 1 Level 1 Level 1
Combined-performance
material used without (310 in2)
background material I
(
Photometric performance Level 2 or Level 2 or I
6. Design into the garment shall not be less than 35 mm
(1.38 in.) wide.
6.1 Garment Requirements
For Performance Class 1, where retroreflective
Each Performance Class shall have the material is used in conjunction with specified
minimum areas of materials incorporated into background material, the bands of retroreflective
the garment in accordance with Table 1. material incorporated into the garment shall not
be less than 25 mm (0.98 in.) wide. If the
6.1.1 Minimum Widths of Retroreflective or Performance Class 1 garment is constructed
Combined-Performance Materials with "non-compliant" background material, the
bands of combined-performance material
Configurations of retroreflective bands or incorporated into the garment shall not be less
patterns, such as logos, design icons or than 50 mm (1.97 in.) wide.
identification text, may contribute to the
minimum area requirements specified in Table 6.1.2 Spacing Between Multiple Bands
1.
Whenever multiple bands are placed on the
When utilized, these retroreflective or combined- garment, the minimum distance between bands
performance materials shall be distributed within of retroreflective or combined-performance
an area of "non-compliant" background materials material shall be at least equal to the width of
in such a manner that a minimum of 50 percent the band.
of the contiguous area making up the bands or
patterns be comprised of combined-performance 6.1.3 Distance from Bottom Edge of
or retroreflective materials meeting the Garment
specifications of Table 5 or 6.
Whenever horizontal retroreflective or
For Performance Class 3, the retroreflective or combined-performance materials are placed
combined-performance materials incorporated near the bottom edge of a jacket, vest, or
into the garment shall not be less than 50 mm poncho, the material shall not be placed less
(1.97 in.) wide. than 50mm (1.97 in.) above the bottom edge of
the garment.
For Performance Class 2, the retroreflective or
combined-performance materials incorporated
Page 4