All the Kaiser's Men: The Life and Death of the German Army on the Western Front 1914-1918

153 Pages·2005·37.82 MB·English

by  Ian Passingham

ATE al ELE

KAISER’S
MEN

THE LIFE.AND DEATH OF THE
GERMAN ARMY ON THE
WESTERN FRONT 1914-1918

IAN PASSINGHAM
Deutschland
‘nd worn ung nights sabe Sheg bie,
Sans ays aa Sewers,

ne enegsins at sateen Heb
Dom Troe cas Framdlings eh

Sib ls he Sacra ete riche
Adt Logg" und af Tot
Urol mrs ie Nua le Eien och,
Des Fea anchr d Noe.

Fico! Gate,

Germany
Ard Ifnorhing 6010 Us he le
There .ll rennin une 90

Which hey waded with ferce ela
Defos he enomy hard

‘Thu combrs.nre neath Wwe mice,
Les ariter indeed,

For if weed will nc a7 break,
‘Thea shal reek the need

ALL Tht
KAISER'S MEN

THE LIFE AND DEATH OF THE GERMAN
ARMY ON THE WESTERN FRONT
1914-1918

ek A eee
Fins pues shea in 208 by
Sutton FulbLebing Jared » Poe ill
Tugs Steals maceershire: Gls 2a!

this hal in 2005

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Copycieht @ lan Passieghemn, 2002

Ac tigass nertved. No pit as pub cation may be reptedaced, sed en 2 sevens

farm or hy amy "nears, evetrons, meesanseel
, vechona che prot peraioion ol

vhotwcapying cecasding oe ere
au eusaight bolder

vuisesher

dan Pecsinghs.n has asserted she “oral vighe es he icentitied as che sue ol tts work

Baitsh iheory Catalogning, 9 Pblicaroa Data
Accatalogus rececd fav shes bres ae able fre ee Brtit Libeaem

ISBN U F508 4721

in Hetpt Sabon,
ring ad orginal. by
Sotzor Pzolsking Limited
Prfsoee und avacid in Engiand by
TEE, Hsvaes 82 Ce, Li Speakon!

4

raviedgomente

Rosoes of Cusilst: 1871-1914
“Tae Scent of Victory, 23sasn oF che Marni: Aenst-Soptereber 1914
‘of Deula, Fire Yoowe and a Wenssr of Dierneent

‘We ecall need the Frenes whee ae Verdon: January-Tune 1918

he Gessnan ‘ony on she Sesame. July-Nowern ee 1 1

ile Tarnip ‘Winter: The German one Toomt in 1912

New Pans for Che = Alberied und a Corsing Plas Janusey-March 1917

Nucile: Apri-Tece V

Caustophe aad t2e Ceeotest Marry-dam vf the War
Jse Nowesber 1917

‘dons, Carabeai endl News tem the Ease: November-Lssember 19

War at Hloece anid Saserscblehe at toe From Tannacy March °978

iedensshirm The Greatest Myult of the War: April-uly 1208

Courage, Lrucat

Duslehstse: Vsesille sand the Dis blcal Layasy

fecz: Aust Noversoer L218

Appendices!
Glassery

Nees
for- Terrain

Js nézom th, contes: aud baleoe
were she cima elf ve items
a canty bistovian's ils

id te

“All the Riese Mes

sels ed, loved a.

hes wore courage, endurzace ane sactfice
were be-rapel by Grucci

ple

‘irs great cal

To Germany (Autumn 1914)
You are lind hike us. Your hurt mar designed,
‘Ane no na ceed te songs of ar le

be prepars both throug’ Fes of thought enntined
We stumb e and we do nut uncurstands

‘You only sas your fuss gruatly pw,

‘Ane vic, the eapering pace of cur om nl

‘Ane in each other's dearost ways me etanc

‘Ane hiss aed have: Ard the ls Sight th bie

‘Ane wonder Grown more loving-hinl ad ware
‘Well groap firm hands avd augh ab ve ald >a,
‘ath fe poace, Bus antl peau, Use se

The da-knes ancl che thursler a= te
ChaiesFcmlton Sosy

‘San x8
(Chresdar ne sen
Eine led ney
Chel Heras ke.
Te tierra erp 11
Dechy seanoblar areal
Detove Pan |!
Teatoettsonpe 4
Freier a

eo)

Uberom cane else foams 20
Servers er Begins st inane 2
cima corey ney = Lesh aa ley i

retina
Sear enerett
cwdaed sta Pue

Klik 36

quer br ck vom tsleonaayy
‘Wheched Ge sn gas ad le

ILLUSTRATIONS AND
MAPS

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Trek patonrer ofr

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sietnen tioyy rete sting eve tha ewers 62
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Ll nevi ae the Geran dee das
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Gevar nisi Hae 132
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

ncetese in ebe bese Werlé Wa did coe begin Zox-rally ar se290l share
M. Tales, ots ata Gagrgran eras more cceupiel me Inston, as wl gh,
Jousney’ Kid hy RAG. Sons. Waar cagrnerd’ mg ieeaginarion moe thea

fap ache: part of this rsmacka'2 dtama wap taat ic was 9&0 122 ave of He great
Gem: alleasive af 1918 My cunesie iad ae i reed Bich Meus Rema-gue’s All
Qos on nko Weseen Frege and ates rar, he hieone Bork. Sines he", U hate. been
iarrunace ecough co ssree in re Acmy msself sod te urdesstaré thar lee bie more
abou! the exonnce if mua y hfe ar peace and wae, Hal” af my causes us spe i
Gormargétcin ye hie the Howey Army an tne Rhine AOR! a5 gaa of NATO, and
ic Berlin as a lialoan officer co be fecmer Sovier Sorces stasioned an the German
Deapoerarie Repu ble [GDK:. Bram thes: 19015 as géowr ar abd g mic ves: in
Goran history, enle oe and the German paaple, whe have a genar deal mae ia
commior with C8 Beitsh can ws efter. acknowledge,

The Fist Wor © Wor seemed 63. many Yearemnes” an how harel, nel least ef wl ca
a rhe dramas 2 revevsal of all'ances, esprcially “soar hevwean Greer Brita % and
ance uaditionsl sramtesh, and chaz of Great Britein ich We ssiaiGermany as
Lacuweal alhes. sll as hag edly 0 wneder prociily wat she uve exyeueuce of
Fe Gramnan soldier eas like bermncas 1914 and “918, and ar for avbee snd oF ths Se 8
ordethes Gartnan lesdersaip was gecainely superor :0 ches 07 te Ses duiyg, Lie
Fass Wind We foe oe els nucle testnan? sll eit,

Thave been atos epi 19 ary out eesraveh dn this Baok Se pla
ag usual, seances fazge fram iadhichal westament o emery of loved ones chyaugh &
sousiesa le woaiil of privy and seeunliay sewsess many af seller ee bee
angled Irom the ‘aeuae'ans! Gonmen Garricsevgh. ad other excellent audies gall
aszeots of she berdas. <a2algns, stat

WUE Bae ou oe Westen Hoel e) probiealay While weer eo gus bee wade 0
aekuowelsdge copyright haldees af 136 re“ercncss ged “sires ea tesial used 9 all
ds Katser’s Men, shoud avy copytigh: holée.s

Irsoul age thw wa somtact Le publishers divest

Fae ang wice ame,

docuine, leadership anc cactcs ef the Fuss

Icereenlly have beea om.ed,

ase restive pevtieulge help Fram the Bundesace'y, lepssal Wi, Mustumy Baya
Record Office, (now za a¢ be Nacional Auchiee}, che Liddle Cullecion at the
Uewseisty yf Lars. Sustain Wie Moca and Ube Gono Hiateacal “atte aed

sin ll
ng its
ronan af rine? Benes, Decuianis aud Mapping, Dopseune ts Phetegrahic il

Inage thar rar advice, assistance and genuine ina, any eos aa
be rewarded. The lmgecal War Maseum Jas pu
i

lide soutinua: suppoxt U
dL my chsks
rae to ceed sil use G.20Us spec? vt ceneared eres,

Souted Archives. gp wwe ds the Be

Jorg Teor al car,” is

te sell ho fae

diaries, aioe. emis, aad 6 A, etlee i Risers, My eats

ab sau te Reuse ane Ouser Tari, for ie poiguurt facily History ol Renate’ fate

Resse asl his ou

‘Ae 602i Lamm ceamernely arefl fur Ube ecapon! ancl vec tagetsent of cere of tke
ewere Freut auwueraion: (WRAY, 8 BOMEL wal
she sass ceavellns wih Hus’ a ete as His ony Tao why bce shown al ei
ch fers ul ove oer. ee Fs, Dial Gn a, bey x clige ly ally
sued uz wis they spend cme eave iey 19
ceslasndears, whtve kewl wal itso da Cue subjects. always cackines ae2s38 99a
as well os working 9.13, P62 W sclerosis dhe ly uf Ketee Sznbins, Michae? On
Stusst Sears. Katky Siereuton, fell Lore, Bh. Philao:., Babal Soe. Joker Lee, Lelie

Karl wi Alby ta We. 25 AL co Musee ub,

i Consists (ar Mian Tio

ke proce” OF g l-ye st of feu

Grae, Movie Fiall ast Lucy Cowary wane otsers, eons, partcuarls leon
Ine asiduona tas acellrteflors oF Jos Thea i ves te Bai dah Ollcal Kory
vow life wale coasts of she des
flan cissd ce uae My opsual thst 4
callecion of re: Nora, Wor ms-niealiia
Inc gest ects, sadies 0f Es guean coarlin Ise paid jpservee 1 be asta
aori-tions ‘or hs Weops on bay Obese uf HO maw’ land wes acemaleeying Uae
Fisuk. vier, Chis is by 2

1 Geese inSgrmatiory hele chests au all is
2 Gute Ales far aocess 20 W's curated,

‘awd. Blood sat “ecco 4H = bw prin a: hae

wom the full piutusy oe sentendous ates nove arcu gree com. eng, Gong
be Peswors a pant is eseiion ase cacellecssLadies are-wae avaiable

whack Relieve .s still missi g's. warrares avoount of sll the Kadsey’s mea
peateulscly be tain theane of vag deuwere 82 21 BIE — ae Mele 4 Ki

Tang not dls ming, bs ur any way a vefcciee academic snags of toe Geena
semy i the Fase World Wag Lie, sh ther Ail he Kaiser’ Alem wil, gure
readcvsl-y ay sua Inga te Ji ane death 6 the German Avis at Ul, sie 2 58
gtingt:a¢ * knele

ribahs ‘iush, Bywuniens ove expesiense

br Corelli Barnett ané Joba Terie sho sessed aneay sn 28th Decembe:
bur weraselagiey <4 profound ages have bee” gavtiauleeieegire igen 19 wie 08S he
years, 261 “erat hocause Of 10H Quists ding coasiburless o ke BAC? "Gier War
i599 seties ane thelr“ “weverng, eetoumival na I. sc, aectisiy Ameo aol. om.

smouee subject as the Firs: World Wer

ly shenks ge 60 4 Surges Pablo “ar ek “g me on ser
Joratkga Falearsr, Sick Kepnalds, sata* Fig't a al “ow liglirg, ro cake che
manus: Ws protograpas, ras avd dlogtems ené ~apieal’y preece be ves
process rari Easiraes mie > ey tr

cand tone ar 1

Tear bar by na miaane lea, cent ane Ties esa aon.s agi she oes seehou che
cerasidina y Ruboars er and understanding oF Sly [| and France. 1 hope :hey wail

vale,

ssorsiarthe ice rine Sarton Pub ah ng has elec elas egapre eek wore

PREFACE

‘Angona who has ever lookac ints the cased ever sf escier dying
‘nthe bar efeld wil tik hard before starting a me
‘Coont Ges wan Bisons

speech tte Rucrstap. Sern, 1267;

the: Creas War, er Tiss Word War, gained such tes trom the ergressleseal sole
I ir whith iz wis teagan fom tam octet, There had cever eee st yreat a
onestracion of armed tance in werk histiy to that whien harmed che respecsine
sl against cach ocher in Ausest 1614, Each a che aigion sinters az
mary, Trance, Mesto Tungery ané Rassia, had arouse ous 22.200

6 and am ious st reseree we

onles heen.
Toe only erprion, as key olayes on the Wessera Teunt, wis Gi

Army of less thas 350,209 and 1 mere 120,000 assigned to the B:
Papréssionary Force, o: BEC. Bee
[power wit an empine fear
ineperval interests, ins military stoength veled or Pre then exckallenged sapremacy of
the Roval Navy, acker sham a large star:

Alesina Vie ign ard Napsleon acd
tecrce bused oa the ase of thousands of men slraust a venture Betove, ie 1524

reat Brita was noz + suncinarcal, but a world

‘over a third of he ylie, As an islandmacinn ch

vale hid devehipod struc andl

with ikon
ing ane
wy ard rverice weve didbes.s enouea, che logistical

commanders such ss Tote wal

Turchormors, chase were rv’ Kons arncec wich weepors more necarats, 6

re, che a

ddese’y than ever

implicstions were 3
ako changed Eevond a]

‘Nepoleinie ere
‘The saves scale of ta ool, detecmined the nature of tre war itll, Pans essen
any. Trance and Russia prize ¢: the howilties envisaged rapid rercey via
site ansbilsaten ened che greanpe despacch of foe vast armies to the forwaed bere
‘ome ba taie. In shure, the nadive’ co 25g stock an cal seay timetables we € te see
ss. Once the armies secce in place, ie was Selleved thot s3e utheasive sprit
eloquenily labeled by the Foeuct ax Patiagne @ Ponrrance, would sn she catapult. —

up by

weed weeks, cather Uae sont oe eas
sett

The Trish provided she only eohsre sm at this grage, desvite the
rrope'ar erthusiassa for war taar kad snipped “3e zeople ne at 346
thes tocnbling hose ong sowed Armageslin, Lard Riteren, Soerera-y af Sian Far
Wis, wares bie Caines aolloggees ches chis would he nis wis, wieworome caenpatgn,
Rather, i¢ wou'd more rikely serch across a sainimucy of these #1

cansemiry~s serine love ite om ho ses
Mars poiginiesy, ws war sas tl

amasged in Condom and sera ‘Coe

ly anc de
ve the King, delighted att
vehich shey wore sb0cr tn eirkars, Foreige Seura-y Sir Tard
the re appariom of rhe war aho.s ms untold, Searing = a Ferg Office wind neh
a colleague as che lamps sere lit azrose St James's Park, be rematies <extovsflly: Ths
Tampsair going ont 2 aver Taro we shall nt sez sham again roe littims

‘On che other side. whi in chis boo’, che extsasiasan and arcoganse

oie Creat Betain ed ee

Fes alrandy ston

we sh. dv

fof 4 pation sha: was more cemtaic sLan any ctser oF its destiny = this wax, aet=cdes

swore very, sory cerent, On“ Augaa, wiser Gerteany fad dscltced war im Belgicm

and imei

y violeted ber borcem, Britain, urler the teri wl the Trewy ol Loco
fof April 1829, o:dered yeneral caobilisatiom amd ietsed an aksssatum. Iz Berlin, the
British Ambassador. Sir Edward Growehee, presented «

Ghaneellor Thenbeld us 3sthen-Holwes. The Gernae Chaneellor seas
faeandewene over wh he regarded was hypoctitcel hezpiny or. Beas, which in Es
‘opinion was mit she reason. for Gritain'scecbin co geo war Ue staced tha

Ulematues papers 20

Enwlaze is doing an unthinkable t2:n¢ in making wa: on a kirdied sation... it
‘vas lik, strike a man fn aera while ve was figtcing Ser his life sgvinve bie
apsailints and s¢ a cesalt ol cais caecible seep, Bryliad sould. be espoasille Zoe

seadiul evence chat anghe Sllow “end this sould ne] all oom fasta woe,
iy. Jest Far a serap vf paper Cireat Britain & gong te make war on ©
secre astioa!

he oltimature: seas reece snl Brita: arse Garteany we
‘But this Lire. Ue bist ce
“J on ix bead, Tae spiie of Wellngzos. ancl Blucher was torsorte and
vemies tue were by cow politically polasoed. By the eral
to Augtil ir pusoig sae, many of when faa dures aad Lsieade a Ge wtber eum
sail whove esltars swakd be
late that fie bes soften Uke hard ol thsi ...uul enna, Pace

(ol Engl sed Prussiae allignve agaszat Bescce

i, Lighting ene otaee ke
SL was irvaie that in bis duvecire auaiuse “Euan, Bethsieun Hollweg =z
uucswittagly wood she ahrase like secing 4 san fromm Lehiad while he was figeric
(6 Rour yess later Geran apitaluss 0.2 eueinpt (6 éxplaca zuay Gereaans’s
avcunity Socialis. aun! Jewish. polities us swabbing Gexrezay it
1c was lighting (ae see lle Neither socesation wes (me, al bane, 3

Hee. Foe those who were ‘eating Geemeny sate a doele ame

ih bad a pallach
wins blocs pisce
By § pst, Britsin sas ieavs“ormer ieta Germany's wast Inte enemy. ‘Cte
a anc? God punish Fagland! was on the ps af skanest every Geeta
sualct onomae 2 vd eonkh cenvinerd Lat cae wat beer betayed by aac ok eit
Crowle poked the beish Finbasey in Bev iv we ch sioces und enceged Berner’
desor.2ed ehis secrovel a8 ‘Rassow serra’, or "asia. usacen’, Macy’ Geraians shucezly
cab ts Cig a le

auricunder “ay hose phe 5. all with evil int

beliecor aha they ive wats octet Lae a

Now eves attain had je.ced im she canspieacy 36 fae ce they were conceeaee, Aes
drag ves co overt gel 9 Ginny Ising lessee 9 Buia ia chine un isi visits ow
Friends and Senlythove in were years. aes har be eved that gag‘ noes! 484
ddws.c.shed end chat sith a sare, though proles:.ann. acm, Britain would
Inses ao st a eH ony a istic
P

ausers

for 9 Faht agasst Gevunany 38 be

+ in “arene, “hep acct 19 be proved an wera,

ur as te drama over -icae's etry tweo waz and the zeaction to wes saved out
as Ra ser sas gunating, at ily se qQaighls Wy tas aliciv.s eds jn Beal
Confidenr thar hs d vine deacing was to lrar Geumany ui Ue yeawised lied of
Eetopens ~ ane chen g.obal ~ supremack he eshored his uougs a5 they ceparted fox
Pe frort w esrly Aag.s: wath 1c ungoael poopy: Us

‘You whe home befare che favruona) Jsases have flee... Ihe oaly countees
Frat Fase wade prog. ess end beeow's gis
have aor Seer ambien a7

roe wexuc eaouss Ueoee leah,

pe amounted to nonhies,

ponere war

Suadle che oy Sev van “roups 19-934. hove belies Ube sss Sl asuas eatin
the auramn of 914 wo1¢ be the thousanés af scqunded =ne who “ad ‘anon
first fowe af -illions wag sould cnife: tae same fare ~ crippled, blinded or anencally
affcted by rhe tro

As to being a su-vescul wearing naziog, Cena-y wauld seed reo ars 70 fically
ame ro oni wirh he Fact “ha she ks Prnssae tary 1-36 tio on we she was
Sounded as.a ranon state in “R71 vag, fo all os srangyne. che very aveh=cet af 3
reemeses in borh 1918 ané 1945,

Let chore Rene Furr

ofa mer tha: Gouany ad

nr £0 €ouident Of wring at

Tasiens abaut cle whws gad the whevalerciy Be itty
po'seessness. or apparont Fevliey of fas Sivet Werle War hereon 1314 aod 19K TS
why, the paint and t1 jusritcation tor the sontlier wera, and eersa.n, “oored i
cconeaie:ng the over-weaning ambiior of whe: seas. rent: Gorma

‘Tee marie stare af Germary was fae prine For erushong cha Feoacn in cha Fray
Pr-ssien Wer of 1379-71. Gra vom Bismarck, she ‘Tron Chs-ce" or. yilia wy, bor all
too arietly, eusded this fleégling nac.on. Oue gondwe | ard gond mennians wecin
cet

» aturely eased axide ander the msgid! Isacesshio of Kater Wilhelts L Genmany,
he ‘neo sid ow is Bode an Eszups, reilly sears ew Lully atte block
In Azges: 1914, t2 ‘aoe of St Juries sz: Londo, Welter
ines Pays, wrote: %
ing caweardy. war tos we

nam = seis wes 9 Lae ecime 0 tae lass i

ie sci

been wo ‘ize pears. is te Logica. eesalt ct

znd enterprise at] dovztze. It had to vome

Page fond summed st an perfec dhe Ein Word Wir was the

sable tes. of

¢

supe wilh ato
sm. for the periae 1914 to 19-8 wide sways
sin 3 was peizcinally known am she Gree
A War One an iw trie, ba Cre

rac eens aon dase pow sis

Tt is zo cocacidence sha: che Geemae
Walshiveg, 02 "Need Wer whereas in B:
Was cataer lr the First Woes, Bsr or Wt

Guerse wis poeierred ra La Premmere Gueore
hin Sivcarsk wus feed on 0 a

lost ane the reitscy eawers, exLusizaicilly enco.caged 2 Uke sanbiGous Size,

sci, yet Eneioeably, core the habrie ef democreey aaaer, Uimucels, che Raiser
“ew he “Prussian sltury seditien ie Uke oce arc cnly ue sya. Gezaaany i

pea an global intlueive,

capled with shis psycivilowicsl exaert ot Germinay’s syzcbo.e mitery power

IST and 1914, Ciercuny's indestsial avd echmological asegeess in 32 sums
period was vstuz‘shing. Natal he Kase: wend is ge

Prwuzest cs hited snes se ig power wF Hae ante. Fonces
But wets rapid siducial ane weckowlagicel advances

ehaage At vesnwkecuinely curl pep.tius ze tasn.o

secedy hd oe the Ele> yan

betes

ds bs this

ce scully wilt social

nebaa cre, se well as a popeatice that had expanded deca: 41 sailing 1871
aleson: 10 million by 1914

Ss diger aed veduces) edcation,

riny eieativcal lors, whe
2 Germacy’s clam <2. soue of “ae jnost orutoisen acd teilbent cecists

eninstes ac! o.oczeze ic the eleetical axl commute. toms iaGustciay sh wee the

‘unt Gral wos Zepe sled te worl
an Nay as moze than sarc by
cain tnt.y loa. by

ay cae sscwuuicling

un dicseusiew ws. avian,
The ropid increase in ize
at of meecoue skipgieg and Gesncan trace, wtih, we
ne twats uf os Seu
increase ia coal ae
Adc sb by 1814 Gecsmany hi ewe Sum :acete 2s 4 ciation sud impressed
‘work’, Bes de vulcetive awhiewenun int ealy Sous deczdes detweew 1971
aad IL had sinis:er unlectones, La uhe siiads of Lae Kuriser and uve eailinasy

enya ve the

laslsteih expiatiu say at eli
peaduetie Coucdation ob the auslers sate at

sieiatwngy Genswaus's sovial, aslusteial sacl exeuuatie evolution was aut ony
loenainieg, 2 great nac'en, bat alse Last soe nee

1nd a2susaces fur a viewoe.aus az glorious

pepatragsivve that Geman

possessed the ceasuvetuce, mangowe

pane

Wir vetwere [Msi ard 191,

Lord Holdaze, srateeciae aad Bilis M
Kune Goin gny se cin! alsatvod Loe eas of dhe Raat Whakl Wear tcoce als
thes mest. He von

Tm acasan fon wa auywits Ma bios see aL sete peta i GHD abe Gera
(eacers wear Paally “st lng rons athe seos6 os ater shea ap 30 teen it Bad
hala fw xesztaine ‘the decsioc appease aa have beer: allowee et shis 2uzr e: pes
last wud in

thes srl ges ua sukbes Ls out die susie 1 have

Areiding, be econ pears end wae

Gowan sas mcesJimably a. be gas. ul ie bloouy eaeTicy dkee snarked the
rar Relf af the taeatiors esnr my ‘There’ore, Geecnary mses: be the pase ge eo zal
uunderssaad Ge conte. coohes thaw she wey13, of he Fst Wor. War,

Ursa yon wee outlay
TOMMY. HAVE YOU GOT A WIFE?

PRISONER = NEIN

TOHMY = NINE! BLIMEY ~
= WHERE'S YER IROH CROSS,

INTRODUCTION —

the vealer wii appreciaze that Aif
sve Kaiser's Mere ie a title that is
dios secasate lor che ‘paciat', as

the book deliberately concenstates wt 2
Gesu experience of tae First Work,
War on the Weeweeu trom ube a
theatre of war thrwg:out se syercesr
lous evenss @! 194 Le 1918, Never
Lbeless, witk the we lapse of Russia i
1917 aud dhe tausler of » pilicn-oese
armas sroays Lion tat beets 10 ke

suns olles.osllesnive

sau on tbe Weer Feent soneuge
cut 1958, tne vas. majority of che oops of tue Gertz Acmy ware [eee ta saree ox
toe Wes Icoul a2 une sage us another Ube was, Ulu nat Use Loe sel be ssa
sink sis min’ ad thas Ue aczretove wil be boule sooeae ale ge Faseiner"p

References and researc courves fruan Gesaaa cachives can 9e a mixed bescing, ae
vache Use: vs a.a. led Leon 1933 suyaals oi. base ctl Une ea. lind? oe
Narional Socialist zeyinie’s Cropagenca Miwsiny soveveled grease in if it did nat
contra 16 Use meytse and blatant satsutae she: wee peddled above “ke origins ane
conduct ul ioe First Work Wat Nevertire, providing Ue ceages ib veusona ly wells
versed in Ue betoey of that era pdf arepard 19 km 2 egee si, he sete
datieg Lom 1938 san, and sould, ail 2¢cegzrded <e impor:ent documents,
Lars aueupied tr ensiee

tee and ieclade most wt
have ine.ded eral
uy ote

‘blaseiawous sae ysed an Ta analy pag wo ke

Siprepiarn ie the gliasearya'sa. Whee eelewane

6586 and all of she poets insinéed 19 Me boo, and of

eapal lec gags wwcied "9.8 ther n the rad notes or ch: hiiegraphy.
Pie

and ‘corregeed” "manner sad stherr

eg Yper for

Place news enrrupred by a0'diers on hath sides. sich ag "Wipers
fare “anced in their ang:

ee rams € flor “een enter the Fen
Inger ar tae, they ars shaven i ali,

town of Ypres

Gorman fs aelgien eg

“The sue bes craven Heavily gn both Fe Gornen ofa’ history Wee tssich she
‘Giveesnenect salt Warning’ gen in t2ese netesl, Yoevn 1314 and the extiaerdina:y
alrnate Welebriag by Rill Seraty, which vAlecrs the te nasar? ot ‘spin’ om brhett

Gt the Natiorsl Sucialse rayne, as wall as ditsies al -oernoiss thas range: widely trem

rau

hose wf pectic abies sot xy vou lke: caym, Leenudoel, vor. [Edens ard Crowe
Prine Repraesh. of Bewach, ve hose of scomineet solders ike Ems Hieyer and ordinary
et sush as béwae Vivelice Kilus, Alvis asl Albea Molunell ata Terkert Snblacch
ese have been at euless seumce of svelte: al Bs
soraneed (ae Bratch Offi! Restor eléch has & weal af tans ‘nforration on
sau dokucsy aLitktes aud leadeaship issues iis su.crsineus festeons antl special
nan exseience of a parccals: bate o2 campales theowghose, mc of

which nas no: eeu laaped ay ceuders bithert». Natecaly, mary otzer primary end
seeondaay sucess wee oot Ue teat saad bibivarshy will ele, Were asibl, maps

wien i may aeseetch, [veal

sedis nt she

steo8 German osign aes
sake rn ree

eae

CHAPTER 1

ROOTS OF CONFLICT:
1871-1914

‘Where che army ~arenes,
¥ Ge-many marches toc!

jeériva Engels pesdioted, caat beyond te Geercan vietoay i the
issias waz, the wext major conllie, Usiuels the Kirst Waele Wal,

lp sad ia susltiuns itz-out preeesent, IL wuld
teothiey less uhar toe destnictian of eepsres, sankces 2s sad the eutien of di
for sereditary cules

This desating sue]. uss Gereueny ean no loeger sd a
Wworle surg and a world wae uf hither onlnown diateaees and

The reveges U Ube Thiesy Sears Wa
vad the sai

the
reatucm. Ie will ud i yavera! hankeestey au che collapse of the ld stace ad

Tarwaeun eotsinett, Iw

pesiience ad
| barbarization of both tke armies and seualey af tke eps

wwaional ssaeerats. I

ut despite the huge political and soe:al coheavuls, as well us che enormous sacrifice
Jor mest oi ske nstions embroiiec io the Firs: World Wa, tie suture 1 the wark aad
sad of the Tresoy of Veriles would sive the sesds af anctzer sven azeater wor'wide

‘conte: mere wenerativo later.
For Gertauns. with almost uve slliom deed ane apovaciy
waillion wouruee, euimed, cripaied sn cevitase so'Cleresetarting ta 2
slucved oy the Alliee aloekuce and delibersied &y wota! asiltary snd policies!
reat hetuveer 191° end 1918. it loged as iL it would he Snpowstle for the

‘peuple so cuccerg'ate anacher sas cores,
veto 2e urubinkehls chez Gesmany woe'd exe msczasy

fan ara ed dlemeezauy = tae Weimer Zeoublic — aud despize the servus

feoncatie eivalzes taut were ea beset il anxl che zest of che world 2 che 1920s and
eazy 1930,