ALEXANDRIA'S ASHES: WAR AND THE LOSS OF LIBRARIES by Penelope Hamblin A Master's ...

67 Pages·1999·0.15 MB·English

SEIRARB I FLSOS OEL HDT N RA: ASWEH SSA’AIRDNAXELA

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red r nosinoitcell oycrarb ieltairporp p rayoorts eyd asmtneregil l. esBs orlie h fttonemom
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ar onoitazilivi caf otnemidobm eeh ts aeula vcilobmy semuss ao traepp aosl aseirarbil
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References ……………………………………………………... 56

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8 .y1letamixo r.p npoAtele kesno tdsen i duanra ,srepapsw e,nstpircsun a,msko onboillim
. )7 9 .2,p69 9,1oæe Zd(ehsir edp a,hsme teilbaecalper ryin agmnidulc n,islanru odjna
19 9e 1hgtnir utdeg r eaamt a.c tetnbIedic cynabr ut bod niydrarb ielhT - 1995 war
aivalsog ufnYooitargetnis ie dhdtewoll otfaht ne edb aohvejar a,S29 9l1ir peAc n. iS
nihti wetat snaibre Sylevisulcx en ahsilbats eo tgnikee ssrethgi fbre Snainso By bdegeiseb
, 54 . 39p,29pm1locl asMr(ed rso’bainsoB - b r ,et5Ss2u ggfunoA i.n )e e9vnh3eOt2
fovejara Sgnikoolrev oslli heh tn isrennug lareve smor fyrarbi leh tt ayltceri dderi
ko onbedo ot wed sntahgily kpsotfo osr’gnidli ue bhhtguor hdtehsa rscl l.e shnSoitisop
enih c. aeMzal bsakcats nailivi cdn as-rethgiferi ft ademi asa weri fratro mdn anug
nidli ue bhetv aodstelggur to shswreetnulov e hstem iltare v. enSiht iswko oeb hdt nga
,gninr otmx ee n h. ytdBemus egrnille hes hrtet fnaia gdaetin g ei obytl nto uto usp aewrif

floicnu oeC h,tyraun agJniwoll oef hgtnite erMetniwd isM ttiA nacirem Aeht
nains oe Bhfntooitcurts ee dhgtninmedn oncoitulo s deaertpo dnaoitaicos syArarbiL
5
fsoesu odh nsamues u,msevihc r,aseirarb irleh t nosokcat t salal e swyararb illanoitaN
odsesserp xtenemeta tss’licnu o.e CahiTvalsog urYemr oe f hnptiihsrow hti wytiradil
s soet cecra o“s ttosrte orrf iftreerohoft psdpenuuasgae lllaoncoisse fdoerlpttabme
sf so eodhletil psmrievre srbeo hsft doo ) r,.. eo3p2hw 9T,9n1oitulos e”Rn(oitamrofni
.lu ogsniv i,alerut u,af t:s naaopitamrof nnia hetr ogmnihtemos okta ltZsilanru oe jhT
slaal es,wats aeplo hr wudoevrese repc ntoa hytrarb idlerrah ce “hfetoto ræwiveradziD
doog trap fo ruo ”eru t,uæfiveradziD (,3991 .p .)251 sre tdierzWiretcarahc eht kcatta no
“s ayrarbi leht bibliocide ” r e,d )rfsuokmo“(ob luc leadriuctoneg larut l eurfhceotdr u”m(
d“ n)aelpo e fapyotitnedi ediciromem
nidze mte e Sd orn.pea)t 6i ed9rf,hn 9wor te1 e;iAd2r d9f,o9sH1gn i;t6 s9a9H1
yrarb iglninr ueb hgtnihpargoto hp --
citsit reatanoiss atpah tl“lifl u ofgtniy rnte edb adhnei rsf itha hdtetcelf eærivonidemheM
. ) 6 .4,p89 9” 1…(hta e fdeolcatce pes hmto ryftua edbl igwnillits i fdeorised
e msonSoitc akeorot eht mrof fo citeop roitra .se r nnutcaat eiirseotnoehpssGgToB
e hyrt bie ahott ndieirr aecr e,wseh sraie htts ut jo,nslu o’ssko oe bhtta hdteniga mæiimiS
:semalf
h tginwilg n,ismtee r etdhsetred nsarwetcar a,hsckc a etmhs oter eftrefS…
sressap -.sreidl odsa e fdsolu oes hdt nyab
gnigni wosdomisa uw Q a:Isecn edfrayeva rdgeni uer h ntgonitt irsehtr ewW aIs
eno -æim i(S..…teran imamo rdfednah , 1997, p. 14)

:et osrewh gdt ueehHTospil gednhnEtA
ytinasn is’for Pnaibre SA
,tra ee hhttil po,stsn uggnidnammoC
lpoe psi hdn asiH e’s, tore apart
. ),.17p3 9,9s1ehg uyHr(ar boivleja reahST
6
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s ’ etfcrona azmorMofrep Requiem .gnidliu byrarbi ldeniu reh tf omuirt aeh tn idegat s
ehT trecnoc saw tsacdaorbw elpo ee phd tiosatdn uefsi aonrtgiapm aftcor asepadiwdlro
.,) 44.9 4p9,1sni ue rhnctiisu Ma(ins ofBo
y e hd tirndooitamrof nositsec cfyaot ie chetvirp eoddtnet nsireyorts ee dhdtiD
?tr a sekthai enoratbem

WAR AND THE LOSS OF LIBRARIES: AN E XPLORATION OF THEMES
sdo i.r eecPnats ndietalo snt iaos naawins ofyBorarb ilLanoit ae Nhfntooitcurts eedhT
eva hseirarbi ls agno ls aro fseirarbi ln onoitatsave ddekaer weva htcilfno cyratili mfo
rarb ihlci h nwsiecnats nsiuoirot olnarev e rs. odFetsixe ,deyorts eydletarebil eedr eswei
,stnapicitr adp nsaessent i ywybnomits e ftmor oef h ntsitsi xneoitatnemuc oedlbaredisnoc
hc ursu o ffnooitagitsev ns ii. hsTeidu tysradnoc eds n,aselcinor hycraropmetnoc
hmto rsft cease h ftgonina eem hsterolp xseecnatsni teso ssehfoovwolhittcep serep
d n,astnemeta t,ssecnatsmucr i fcsoisyl a .n nmaAe hdteyorts eod hewso hdt nsaeirarbil
lanosr ed pnlaarutl ue chdtnatsred nspuul elhl itwa hstnrett alpaev eodrtednet nssiinoitca
erehn irieh ts alle ws aseirarbi lf oeulav fsodoir egpnir uydtilibarenl udv nnaoitcart ttan
er eyw h:Wnoitnet traalucitr anpev i eglbl iswnoitse ueqe r. htTcilfn olcacitil odp nraaw
slal e sw,adetcef fyaltcer iedso hdt iw?d osHtegr a stdaetcel esseirarb ielseht
etc a,rs arhecvre slbaonoitanretni sn oits eeus q esohrttew s? etnso h aasdtrhoiWl eehztir
?seirarb ielse httuo btahguo hetlpo ey pae whttuo bslaulet
ko o fbnooitagitsev n nita o snsiihT - t usbko ocbifice po,snses aecs e. hgntnIinrub
irar b .ie dlheTtegr aetr esweirarb ielrit nreehtar den wo o hydwbenimret eedr eswet a’fse
7
se stua hd wnmaeht — cilobmy sdn alaer — derru csceocnat sens i ee.fhedo trehv Tryeesht
yrarb ie lh,tes atcseilr ae. e hyntrIutn ehctneetnev ee s hnet in,oyrutn ehcteitne we thnti
e“ h.Tsdn athnereff i ndti u,bdevivrus Biblioteca Palatina dereh tnaogitcel lbor ce” p,aus
y nhsap ac oai drteoetahtvVto ms,easrwecn itrnpatset onra Pm srfeeocGip seruheatdnu
eviss admevlov nyirutn ehcteitne wet h ntdierruc ctoa hstecnats ne.i h3T2 6 n1ri afwo
gnidl oyhrarb i flnooitcurtsed f oytisrevin Ucilohta Ceh tf oyrarbi le h .Tsgnidliu bdn as
degel ltasnia glaasirp e nr4i1 9 n1sipoo rntamr e yGdbenr usb a)wmuigle Bn(iavuoL
iza Nredn uderednul pere w)ainauhtiL (anli Vn iseirarbi lhsiw e .Jsrepin snailivic
.noitap uc c sortineehtTrneowc e sorted into two groups: books to be destroyed and books
o tdieretbosnfua ains o fByorarb iyL-tisrevi ndU nlaanoit a eN” h.Thcraese rc“itimeS -
r agwnig anwe hstbr enSains oydBbetegr as ta,wovejar andSietac o,lanivogezreH
et oattnsednepe detnhsitniaga laireta mecruo selpm af oytilibaliav ae h .Tainso Bf —
yratnemm oycraropmetn o fcyolralucitrap — fnooitcel ees h ntriotc ayframi rep hstaw
odatetim isnlioitagitsev nsii htta h,tyletanutrof n,usna e sm.i shrTeh troe vsoes aecseht
.evitc enpaserpeopruE
esfhtotnuo c ecerara e,htts r.ieFcned isfvmoe r oodywfebttnese r hpe sce siaraEc
e h.Tsecru oysradnoc egsni shucraes endroes anboitcurts esd’yrarb ie lhfstoecnatsmucric
ehports a steoeahtictraropme t nnfoooict c eaescehinrte d m ifrdvoonefoces — cni gnidul
edis tsfutoonem m do,ncsatnapicit r dasnpeassen tsfitownemet a,tsss e ersnhptitroper
ytidil alvanret nri odfetaula veer eswecru olsacirot s. isHrevresbo — ,noitatnemu croideht
r odfesses sear eswecru ol sl,anoiti d. dgnanIinosa ed rn,aycnetsisnoc :ytidila vlanretxe
ostsengnill irwie hdt n,ahtu ret hgtniwo nrkie h ftdooohilek iel h,tes aec h nttiseret nriieht
8
d n,ase ndoesa ie brsanoitavres bgonill etts oe mh,tsecnats nfrioe b. m hnuatInu re thltlet
.hc u ssdaeifitne dei ryaeht
In order to set t lacirots ieh hstsucs ildl irwetpa hsci h,ttxetn o ncsielpma xeeseh
noitceto re phr tosftnemug rlaacih td enlaag e,lr answieirarb ifnlooitatsav ee dhfetopocs
tra u eed,rhnygtatrep olraprut lrue chdstneoairar bfiol - e h :tsemal fn iyrarbi leh tf ohtym
b .airdnaxel At ayrarbi lf ogninru

T EH “C TFNOIALPMO B SKOO A GAINST W RA ”
e hetto r”wr afswotlum ue thystbko ofeboc ae rhndtoetcilf nsiess oe lhe trsaseldnE“
si hn iyru Be ddrahci Relihpoilbi bhsilgnE nolbibolihP n,i8 4 59,41y3/r1 5u4B3(1 .p .)54
ehT hteitne w ntsieirarb idl nsako o fbnooitatsav ed - dnoy e sbeino lsar aywrutnec
dessent iows l IarI adWlr o,Wts oslev i flsonoill iem hgtnittegr otf oenl i. hnWoitaluclac
rar bsfidolna s.us othnTet nroic e dhsnteairar blilla froe etbevheportsa ttasc reohwt ,sei
noill itmhg ideetamit s netas oylnam r. edGegam a rddoeyorts eedr e,wlla mds neagral
e. h)T1 1 .2,p37 9,1nosnho Js(eirarb irloj asm t fisognidl oeh hftl anha hetr o,msemulov
r enda vs(emul onvoill i0m 0 t1daetamit s sesieirarb itleiv o nSlol ost’raw d nnaeveoH
.d n a nl n aoeithPtAtelp me orncoomitat s,a 6 v e.9s e,eh)9a.d art41wpde1ah bwloAN
yrtn u sdoaincal o,Pelo he whnto …e“to rnwairarb ihlsi l ,oar Pae whfetoso lecht
il o,Pslooh cr sosfkoobtx e,tsko ocbifitnei c,sseirarb i,lsevihc rtauohtiw ngiero fdn ahs
. ),26 2 4.0,9p1a1ksnil i”By(rt e donnpoait c,iefrutaretil
n eee vb ea.rhe echnTerru cecuo q t iyoanlnuetanutro f sn rIaudaIwlWroW
ts ael h ftsotcilfn odc nsar arweh t nosinoitcell oycrarb idl nsaeirarb i flsoess osluomrone
.sra edyerdnuh o r,pain am onRI - e h ntsievlesme hdtedacirr asbecr oyftiruc etsnemnrevog
9
gnitt eysllautne v,e98 9 f1”onoitulov esRamtsirh Ce“ hgtnir uydrarb iyLtisrevi nlUartneC
,aidob m. a)nC0I 8.,1p09 9,1leffin Ks(ko o0b00,0 0g5niyorts ed dnganidli ue b hoettrif
eht 57 9m1o ryfcnadnec seagu orRem h fKdooir ep - lanoit ae N hfgtoniso le chw ta9s791
e h ftsorebm etms o fmeocnaraeppas ied hdt n,asnoitcell osc t figiniretta ces h,tyrarbiL
1 9.3 p,p59 9,1sivr af Jf(a tysrarbil -ir uddetatsav eedr eawireg insNieira r.b )i2L93 eghnt
larutl unCairatelo rtPae rsG’ani hg Cn. i)r9 u7 D9,1ahokayn As(06 9e1t ae l hfrt oalwivic
snoilli melih w,emi tf osdoire pro fdesol cere wseirarbi lll a,669 1n idehcnua lnoituloveR
gni Tg(nilcyc er rosfll irmep aotptn erdsoenr uebr eswko oebr afro , 1983, p. 147).
lartn esc’tiaw ufnKooitcell oecrit ne eh,t09 9nt1iiaw ufnKooitapuc cso’qa rgIniruD
derevoc enre eebv ashme tl ilt aot nu,bts ohmguoht l,aqa rodItevom es raywrarbil
ledbA( - ciloht ae Chfytor a.r )b 3 ie 4.,lh4p2T9 9,1do o yml&eHAtoM f oytisrevinU
,rI adWlr o fWsoy aydlr aee h ntsipoo rntamr e yGdbenr usb amwuigl e nBniiavuoL
namr e yGebm idtnoc edaseyorts edd n,ayen onmacire mhAt iswr aew hnteewt etbliuber
. 04 9ns1iecrof
nfooitatsa veemdit rta swto amdhetdulc n)o5c4 9t1t(immaH sa hseirarbi l
seta e rreacswua c te,ubdbeteg rea rtseewvlesm eshetirar beislua c tedobenneppah
:citoa hd cntanelo ie vrtaa hstnoitidnoc
seaar ifef oseutanimircsid ne i hoet t u eodrbteht asrme eesgam aedht…
mfaorpg olraptned i ,c enornfhotaiotpwaew b odm n,anoitcurts e,degalli
. pn(oisav nnniao ptuneuqesn otccelg ed nneasus ifsdoegav ae r hodt tn,aesnecil
307).

lair e fasomitc ievr e IwrI adWlr o nWtis osleirarb iel h ftyotiroj atmae reghT
,adab ldA nnaeve orH en;d a6v4 9,1reffah St(nemdrabmob rie hstmr eytratil i. nm)I6991
stegr adtednetni nnduoetcilf neigam a,d.e .;i”egam aldaretallo cd“etneserp enroitcurtsed
10
d nkaawttu L”(tegr aytratil iymbra e tandaem isanopa e fwroevolli pes h ytdbesuac“
,lheo K,1991 .p .)821
yleru peh t,sesa cyna mnI sei r. inFoitcurts erdie hstnialp xseko o fbeod ilsairetam
ser ief hrtehte h,wsnr uybt in ace. hsWuryp a rproep a fpeod asmtnemuc o fdyome nnea
s t,isehcr ogtniyrr ascroirr adwetnu oyrr mboie ahmto rgfnibm otbepr ayt cbeesra
. d efmIo oed rsaeirarbil elbaul a rveocra crs odfegall i eptbhg ismeirarb i,ldenr utb on
rehta eelo hfesocr u doansu o8f5 2nd1iadhg adBekc ao shswredav nliogn o.Mslairetam
gni r. u)D 9 .7,p89 9,1renre Ls(eirarb isluom asf’yt iec hmto rsfko o fbsognidn ieb hnti
d rle,arpIWoaIWp f,osnoill itm o fn,isdnasuo h ftsoderdn utha hetcra c osesmac erb
; 39 9,1niro Bg(nilcyc err osfll irmep a opttn eesr esweirarb imlo rdferednu lspkoob
.)38 9,1redlefht os&RnilloC
2 9 e9gh1ntiruD - d e ssn otkrttnouoleotn ndb,oio s vee5egr 9jef9aio1rsaS ro fy
denr uyb e. hsTde elnacisy hepr otme e omots lta uebcnanets ulsautcellet ndi nlaautirips
os lsak o. oeBl utrsinumm o fCsoy aed h ntdierov asfgniti rew hytllaicep s,ele urf osfkoob
:srekn utbnellec xeedam
pa r,tt eeank itl csako o,bsll alfle hnasehW nihti wlenparh seh tgnip
an idekro wefi wsi hesuace bdeva sefi lsi hda hwon kIy u .gAmeht
,nin e fLsoeip oece rgfnitt epge e okdte seu hesre hywrarb itlsixraM
- 75).

n I s ,idsehoekstivoat roccsebeastorp lautcellet nnia hrteht alra etrsnia gna
.s ed isdaorb
e h,tpuek almairet armie h fteocnatsmucr iec hnta hetr onmevE
. r a fwsoem i ntsieirarb irl odf nee hdtelle pss anhoitac orlie h fteocnatsmucric
dt ndaegeliv ie r hphtt isweirarb i flnooitaicos seahT nmie htt usp alhufrew oeph
s’mr a nhei ryae hetr e. hsTlatip alcacitil odp n,aseiretsan o,mselpm e,tsecalap