Table Of ContentElena G. Popkova
Anastasia A. Sozinova Editors
AgroTech
AI, Big Data, IoT
AgroTech
·
Elena G. Popkova Anastasia A. Sozinova
Editors
AgroTech
AI, Big Data, IoT
Editors
Elena G. Popkova Anastasia A. Sozinova
MGIMO University Vyatka State University
Moscow, Russia Kirov, Russia
ISBN 978-981-19-3554-1 ISBN 978-981-19-3555-8 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3555-8
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AgroTech as a Digital Vector of Sustainable
Development of the Agricultural Economy
(Introduction)
At present, agricultural economics has to solve the complex and responsible task
of provision of food security. The problem with the achievement of this task is that
the innovative business trends of recent years were concentrated in other spheres of
the economy and were only indirectly connected to the agricultural economy. Thus,
in the first decade of the twenty-first century, financial innovations were actively
created and implemented in the post-industrial (service) economy. After the global
financial and economic crisis, the industry received a new impulse for development in
the second decade of the twenty-first century. Neo-industrialisation—a new cycle of
industrialisation, which implies the development of high-tech industry—took place.
The COVID-19 pandemic and crisis became a crucial moment of the modern
age of the world economy’s development since they started a global tendency for
the diversification of the economy. Despite the undoubted destructive impact on
humanity, the pandemic sent an important signal: all spheres of the economy are
important and need to be developed. It became possible to implement the idea of
economic diversification due to the Fourth Industrial Revolution. The transition to
a new—digital—technological mode created preconditions for the modernisation of
all spheres of economy. In the agricultural economy, this led to the emergence of
AgroTech, which uniqueness and high theoretical and practical significance consist
in its disseminating sustainable digital innovations.
AgroTech is not just high-tech agriculture—it is a new model of agriculture under
the conditions of the digital economy based on the leading technologies—Artificial
Intelligence (AI), Big Data and the Internet of Things (IoT). The specifics of this new
model consist in the fact that agribusiness in AgroTech is based on the innovative
production factors and innovative organisational and managerial solutions on the use
of these factors in the production and distribution processes.
In the aspect of labour, AgroTech requires digital agricultural personnel. On the
one hand, this requires serious retraining of the current agricultural personnel and
causes a serious burden on the system of professional and higher education. On the
other hand, this ensures the creation of highly efficient, knowledge-intensive and
v
vi AgroTechasaDigitalVectorofSustainableDevelopmentofthe…
well-paid jobs in the agricultural economy. The value of human resources in agri-
culture grows in the course of the development of AgroTech, and wider perspectives
for their human potential development open.
In the aspect of the land, AgroTech does not have a clear binding to land. There
is a transition from horizontal to vertical farms and from soil to hydroponics. The
transition to AgroTech allows (for the first time) reducing the role of land as a
production factor in agriculture—it gradually moves to the background, giving way
to technology, which becomes most significant. In the aspect of capital (technolo-
gies), AgroTech is connected to the use of automatized and robotised agricultural
machinery. The core of agribusiness in AgroTech is the IoT—a leading technology,
which allows for continuous communication between technical devices.
In the aspect of entrepreneurial abilities and management in AgroTech, AI
performs the automatized control of smart farms. AgroTech is a path to machine
management of agribusiness. AI allows conducting automatized phytomonitoring—
control of growth of each plant, collecting and analysing Big Data. This is a path to
predictable agriculture with stable productivity.
The importance of studying and managing the development of AgroTech is
explained by its ensuring the successful practical implementation of all main Sustain-
able Development Goals (SDGs), which are set before the modern agricultural
economy. First, SDG 2 and SDG 3: AgroTech allows achieving the maximum
possible quality of food and guaranteeing it. Due to the automatized phytomoni-
toring based on AI, Big Data and the IoT, selective quality control becomes total.
The sorting of food by the criterion of quality is accelerated and simplified.
Added value chains become more transparent in the agricultural economy. Their
control becomes accessible not only for government controlling bodies but also
for all interested parties. In addition, the establishment of AgroTech allows for the
production of food with the set and improved nutritional properties. Random (risk)
component in agriculture is reduced. Labour efficiency receives new possibilities for
growth, which allows the global fight against hunger.
Second, SDGs 6-8: AgroTech is a breakthrough in water supply, energetics and
production organisation. Irrigation has always been a foundation stone of agriculture.
One of the most important problems of irrigation is the deficit of water resources in
dry territories. AgroTech allows optimising the collection, storing and spending of
water resources in case of their deficit, as well as performing a precise dosed supply
to each plant.
AgroTech is also “clean” energetics in agriculture. An increasing number of smart
farms around the world start using renewable energy sources: sun, water and wind.
It should also be noted that human resources management in AgroTech becomes
more responsible due to the automatized production process. The transition from
hard manual labour to intellectual activity makes high-tech agribusiness attractive
for employment and career-building by young agricultural personnel.
Third, SDG 10 and SDG 11: AgroTech is a source of economic growth and
development of rural territories. It is worth noting that though smart agriculture is also
accessible in cities, rural territories remain the centres of the agricultural economy.
Not only does AgroTech accelerate the economic growth of rural territories, but it also
AgroTechasaDigitalVectorofSustainableDevelopmentofthe… vii
strengthens their competitive advantages as environmental spaces for living, work,
tourism, and business. Well-balanced development of urban and rural territories is a
new reality, which is accessible due to AgroTech. Of course, it is necessary to note
the inflow of investments in the development of rural territories. Agribusiness ceases
to be very risky and unprofitable; instead, it quickly develops and brings large profits.
Fourth, SDG 13: AgroTech is a leading method of agriculture’s adaptation to
climate change. Though the fight against climate change is conducted around the
world, this problem is still very urgent as of now; it probably will not be completely
solved in the next decade (though, of course, substantial progress in its resolution
could be expected). The agricultural economy is a sphere of the economy that suffers
the most from climate change.
Climate-smart agriculture in AgroTech is a perspective answer of the agricul-
tural economy to climate change. Smart farms feature the internal artificial climate,
which is supported all year round. This makes them autonomous (independent from
the external environment). The key advantages of AgroTech in this respect are the
increased and multiple crop yield, as well as prevention of the ruin of the plants
caused by unfavourable weather conditions.
The transition from horizontal farms to vertical farms also allows leaving natural
territories untouched. This contributes to the preservation of biodiversity (SDGs 14–
15). In addition to the above, AgroTech in itself is a manifestation of the successful
practical implementation of SDG 9 in the agricultural economy. Other SDGs are
also supported in AgroTech, which ensures its systemic contribution to sustainable
development.
This book’s objective is the comprehensive study of AgroTech, formation of a
coherent scientific view, provision of scientific and methodological support, and
preparation of applied solutions for the development of AgroTech. This objective is
consistently achieved in the four parts of the book. The first part forms a scientific
concept of AgroTech as a new model of agriculture under the conditions of the digital
economy based on AI, Big Data and IoT. The second part contains the study and
analysis of the case experience of the formation and development of AgroTech in
Russia and its regions. The third part elaborates on the current problems of agriculture
and the perspectives of their resolution based on AgroTech. The fourth part contains
applied recommendations and frameworks for the development of AgroTech.
The originality and novelty of this book consist in the reconsideration of the
scientific concept of AgroTech through the lens of sustainable development, which
allows balancing high-technology and socio-environmental responsibility of the
agricultural economy. The book’s uniqueness consists in the in-depth multidisci-
plinary study of AgroTech: from the positions of economics (agribusiness), informa-
tion and communication technologies (high technologies for agriculture), manage-
ment, human support (pedagogics), agroecology, environmental economics and other
scientific disciplines.
This book is aimed primarily at scholars who study AgroTech. In this book, they
will find a coherent theoretical view of AgroTech as a multidisciplinary scientific
concept and the fundamental view of the perspective of the agricultural economy’s
sustainable development based on AgroTech. This book could be also interesting for
viii AgroTechasaDigitalVectorofSustainableDevelopmentofthe…
the representatives of agribusiness and state regulators of the agricultural economy.
Due to the in-depth elaboration of the given topical area, the book is a practical
guide for agriculture’s transitioning to AgroTech. The applied recommendations and
frameworks of the development of AgroTech, which are proposed in the book, will
be useful in practice.
Contents
AgroTech: A New Model of Agriculture Under the Conditions of
the Digital Economy Based on AI, Big Data and IoT
Farm Machinery Depots in Technical and Digital Support
of Agriculture ..................................................... 3
Yuliya S. Korotkikh, Yuliya V. Chutcheva, and Nikolay N. Pulyaev
Directions for Stimulating Digitalization in the Agricultural Sector
of the Russian Economy ............................................ 11
Elena V. Plotnikova, Alexander A. Mokrushin, Karina S. Prikhodko,
Natalia A. Asanova, and Saniyat Y. Hut
Agroecology in the Context of Sustainable Development:
Improving the Environmental Information System ................... 23
Elvira A. Yarnykh, Marina D. Simonova, and Maxim S. Telyuk
Green Energy Stimulating State Policy as a Factor of New
Economic Cycle Formation ......................................... 35
Igor A. Basko
Study of “Digital Portraits” and Value Priorities of Rural
and Urban Residents as a Component of Strategic Planning
and Forecasting of Rural Socio-economic Development ............... 47
Andrey I. Podolskiy, Olga A. Idobaeva, Viktoriya V. Shcherbakova,
Anastasia S. Nikulina, and Vyacheslav L. Goiko
Case Experience of the Formation and Development of AgroTech
in Russia and Its Regions
Issues Related to the Implementation of Russian Regulatory
Documents Harmonized with International Approaches Regarding
Food Safety Control ............................................... 59
Alexey D. Dimitriev, Marina G. Andreeva, Vladimir F. Ivanov,
Anna S. Kirillova, and Natalya D. Sorokina
ix
x Contents
Prerequisites for the Administrative Reform of Rural Areas
(on the Example of the Republic of Bashkortostan) ................... 69
Rinat F. Gataullin, Alfis S. Gayazov, Albina U. Baigildina,
and Rafik M. Sagatgareev
Development of Digital Regional Ecosystems: Russian Specifics
and Risk Leveling ................................................. 79
Larisa V. Moskovtceva, Nadezhda V. Pilipchuk, Bella O. Khashir,
Yuliya N. Popova, and Zhanna A. Aksenova
Prospects for the Development of Export-Oriented Agricultural
Production in the Stavropol Region ................................. 89
Alexey N. Gerasimov, Evgeniy I. Gromov, Oksana P. Grigoryeva,
Yuri S. Skripnichenko, and Elena I. Kapustina
The Value of Cooperation and Tendencies of Its Development
in the Agricultural Business of Geostrategic Border Territories ........ 99
Olga A. Moiseeva
Current Global and Russian Trends in the Development
of Investment and Innovation in the Agro-Industrial Complex ......... 109
Lyudmila Yu. Piterskaya, Yulia M. Sklyarova, Lyudmila A. Latysheva,
Denis S. Veselov, and Artem M. Shaposhnikov
Economic Efficiency of Anti-Stress and Phytohormone
Preparations in Cultivation of Spring Rape in Soil and Climatic
Conditions of the Republic of Tatarstan ............................. 119
Faik N. Safiollin, Mars M. Khismatullin, Marsel M. Khismatullin,
Ilhamiya M. Minnehametova, and Liliya F. Gafiullina
The Current Problems of Agriculture and the Perspectives of
Their Resolution Based on AgroTech
Quality as an Integral Component of the Reproduction of Technical
Resources in Agriculture ........................................... 129
Elena V. Kovaleva
Environmental and Economic Problems of Using the Biofuel
Market ........................................................... 139
Galina P. Butko, Tatiana L. Bezrukova, Valery L. Pozdeev,
Vladimir I. Grigoryev, and Igor V. Grigoryev
Assessment of Trends in Financial Indicators of State Support
for the Agricultural Sector in the Context of Integration
Interactions ....................................................... 151
Lubov K. Ulybina, Parviz Azizi, Marina V. Vatolina,
Elena E. Oksenyuk, and Meri V. Gogitidze
