Table Of ContentIndian Institute of Metals Series
N. Eswara Prasad
R.J.H. Wanhill
Editors
Aerospace
Materials
and Material
Technologies
Volume 2:
Aerospace Material Technologies
Metallurgy
Materials Engineering
Indian Institute of Metals Series
Editors-in-chief
Baldev Raj, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
U. Kamachi Mudali, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam,
Tamil Nadu, India
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/15453
N. Eswara Prasad R.J.H. Wanhill
(cid:129)
Editors
Aerospace Materials
and Material Technologies
Volume 2: Aerospace Material Technologies
123
Editors
N.EswaraPrasad R.J.H.Wanhill
Defence Materials andStores R&D Emmeloord, Flevoland
Establishment(DMSRDE) TheNetherlands
Kanpur,Uttar Pradesh
India
ISSN 2509-6400 ISSN 2509-6419 (electronic)
Indian Institute of Metals Series
ISBN978-981-10-2142-8 ISBN978-981-10-2143-5 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-981-10-2143-5
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2016948239
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To
our eminent teachers and close associates for
aerospace materials and material
technologies;
and to
our partners and families for their support,
notably during 2014–2016, the years in
which these books were prepared.
N. Eswara Prasad and R.J.H. Wanhill
Foreword by Dr. S. Christopher
Firstofall,Iwouldliketocongratulatealltheauthors,
the editors, Drs. N. Eswara Prasad, R.J.H. Wanhill,
andtheeditor-in-chief,Dr.BaldevRaj,andtheIndian
Institute of Metals (IIM) and Springer for publishing
this two-volume innovative reference work on aero-
space materials and materials technologies. I am also
extremelyhappytowritetheforewordforthisspecial
volume, since I have been associated with Indian
Avionics for more than 30 years and have fair
knowledge on the present status of the material
technologiescoveredinthissecondvolume.Materials
and material technologies are the backbone of any
engineering industry. This is especially so for the aerospace industry, which has
provided the impetus to develop many advanced manufacturing and design tech-
nologies. The world has seen massive investments in the aerospace industry in a
number of developed countries, notably the USA, Europe and Russia, and also in
developing nations, including India and China. Still more countries are becoming
importantplayersandpartnersindevelopingaerospacematerialsandtechnologies.
The present volume on aerospace material technologies is a well-devised and
considered book encompassing nearly 20 material technologies, including propul-
sion, refurbishment, stealth, failure analysis, certification and life extension, and
more traditional aerospace technologies such as metal and material processing,
characterization and property evaluation. This volume also contains a very useful
sectiononstructuraldesign,discussingfatigueandfracturerequirementsandstress
corrosion cracking (SCC) criteria. I find that the editors have taken special care to
present the book chapters with extremely useful contents and good readability. In
this context, I applaud the efforts of Dr. R.J.H. Wanhill for single-handedly
reviewing all the chapters and assisting in their revision and the equally daunting
editorial work by Dr. Eswara Prasad.
vii
viii ForewordbyDr.S.Christopher
I hope and wish that this kind of book will appear in the international literature
from time to time, so that engineering graduates, aerospace and mechanical engi-
neers, and aeronautical designers are provided with essential and state-of-the-art
knowledge and databases on aerospace material technologies. Such volumes also
aid in finalizing a number of white/approach papers for establishing material
technologyandproduction centres. Theyalsopointoutthefuturerequirementsfor
aerospace development. Every country should identify the gaps in materials
developmentandestablishfacilitiesfortheproductionofthesematerials,especially
theadvancedmaterialsrequiredforaerospaceapplications.Ifeelthesetwovolumes
greatly aid in addressing this task. Hence emerging countries like India and South
Asia can benefit greatly from these kinds of endeavours.
Finally,beingatthehelmofDRDO,India,Itakespecialprideincongratulating
several of the DRDO authors and Dr. N. Eswara Prasad, for their valuable inter-
national contributions. I wish success all around the world in the development of
future aerospace material technologies and the production, qualification and certi-
fication of aerospace components and subsystems for various aircraft, missiles and
spacecraft. If this book volume serves as a basis for such endeavours, it will have
amply achieved its purpose.
Dr. S. Christopher, FNAE, FIETE
Former Distinguished Scientist and Director
Centre for AirBorneSystems (CABS), DRDO, Bangalore,India
Presently, the Director General
Defence Research and Development Organisation, and Secretary
Department of Defence R&D, Government of India
New Delhi, India
Foreword by Dr. G. Satheesh Reddy
Whilematerialsandmaterialsdevelopmentarewidely
acknowledged ascore expertiseinengineering inany
country, the material processing and production
technologies and facilities for metal and materials
production essentially dictate the actual progress of
that country in terms of actual GDP growth. Every
country should identify its materials strengths and
develop material production around those strengths.
India has vast material resources, but it is the lack of
large-scale processing and production facilities that
limitusinjoiningtheelitemembersofthedeveloped
world.TheIndianInstituteofMetalshasonnumerous
occasions tasked its eminent members and researchers to identify technology gaps
not only for India but for the whole world, so that corrective measures could be
takenfortheadvancementofnewmaterialsandtechnologies.Iamveryhappythat
thepresentbook project,conceivedby Dr. Baldev Raj, putinplace bythe various
authors and two able editors, Dr. N. Eswara Prasad and Dr. R.J.H. Wanhill, and
brought out in book form by IIM and Springer, notably serves this purpose.
Aerospace materials andtheirmanufacturingareeasily themostbasicandmost
important core aerospace/aeronautical technologies. The present Volume 2 on
Aerospace Material Technologies of the 2-Volume Source Book Series of
IIM/Springer is a rich compilation of various traditional, advanced and futuristic
material technologies encompassing nearly 20 major areas. Each of the chapters
addressesscientificprinciplesbehindprocessingandproduction,productiondetails,
equipmentandfacilitiesforindustrialproduction,andfinallyaerospaceapplication
areas of these material technologies. The authors of these chapters have been
pioneers of industrial aerospace material technologies and they are not only from
India but from advanced countries like the Netherlands, Australia and the USA.
Thisbookhasawell-plannedlayoutin4parts.PartIdealswithprimarymetaland
material processing, including nanomanufacturing. Part II deals with materials
ix
x ForewordbyDr.G.SatheeshReddy
characterization and testing methodologies and technologies. Part III addresses
structural design. Finally, several advanced material technologies such as quality
assurance, refurbishment, failure analysis, certification, and life extension tech-
nologies are covered in Part IV. Some of the very important and advanced topics
such as ‘Structural Design by ASIP’, ‘Damage Mechanics-Based Life Prediction
and Extension’ and ‘Principles of Structural Health Monitoring’ are dealt with at
equal length as the traditional aerospace materials technology topics.
I am happy that some of these chapters bring out the present Indian scenario
vis-a-visinternationaldevelopments,thusprovidingimportantscopeforidentifying
gapsinaerospacematerialtechnologiesinIndiaandSouthAsia.Iamgladthatthe
present volume provides a summary of various aspects of the technologies and
serves as a ready reference for all the readers.
Dr. G. Satheesh Reddy
FNAE, FRIN, FAeSI, FIET, FSSWR, FIE, FAPAS, AFAIAA, HFCSI
Scientific Advisor to RakshaMantri (SA to RM)
Min. Defence, Govt. India, New Delhi, India
