Advances in Squid Biology, Ecology and Fisheries; Part II - Oegopsid Squids; Volume in the Fish, Fishing and Fisheries Series - NOVA

289 Pages·2016·12.19 MB·English

by  Rosa R.

FISH, FISHING AND FISHERIES

A S B ,
DVANCES IN QUID IOLOGY
E F
COLOGY AND ISHERIES

PART II – OEGOPSID SQUIDS

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FISH, FISHING AND FISHERIES

A S B ,
DVANCES IN QUID IOLOGY
E F
COLOGY AND ISHERIES

P II – O S
ART EGOPSID QUIDS

RUI ROSA
GRAHAM PIERCE

AND
RON O'DOR
EDITORS

New York
Copyright © 2013 by Nova Science Publishers, Inc.

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Published by Nova Science Publishers, Inc. † New York
Contents

Chapter I Berryteuthis magister, Schoolmaster Gonate Squid 1
Oleg N. Katugin, Gennadyi A. Shevtsov, Mikhail A. Zuev,
Vasilyi D. Didenko, Vladimir V. Kulik and Nickolai S. Vanin
Chapter II Illex coindetii, Broadtail Shortfin Squid 49
Ángel F. González and Ángel Guerra
Chapter III Illex illecebrosus, Northern Short-Finned Squid 73
Ron K. O'Dor and Earl G. Dawe
Chapter IV Illex argentinus, Argentine Shortfin Squid 109
Paul G. K. Rodhouse, Alexander I. Arkhipkin, Vladimir Laptikhovsky,
Chingis Nigmatullin and Claire M. Waluda
Chapter V Todaropsis eblanae, Lesser Flying Squid 149
Ángel Guerra, Paola Belcari and Ángel F. González
Chapter VI Dosidicus gigas, Humboldt Squid 169
Rui Rosa, Carmen Yamashiro, Unai Markaida, Paul G. K. Rodhouse,
Claire M. Waluda, César A. Salinas-Zavala, Friedemann Keyl,
Ron O´Dor, Julia S. Stewart and William F. Gilly
Chapter VII Sthenoteuthis oualaniensis, Purpleback Flying Squid 207
Xinjun Chen, Bilin Liu and Yong Chen
Chapter VIII Todarodes sagittatus, European Flying Squid 223
Vladimir Laptikhovsky
Chapter IX Todarodes pacificus, Japanese Common Squid 249
Yasunori Sakurai, Hideaki Kidokoro, Norio Yamashita,
Jun Yamamoto, Kazuhisa Uchikawa and Hideo Takahara
Index 273

In: Advances in Squid Biology, Ecology and Fisheries. Part II ISBN: 978-1-62808-333-0
Editors: R. Rosa, G. Pierce and R. O'Dor © 2013 Nova Science Publishers, Inc.

Chapter I

Berryteuthis magister,
Schoolmaster Gonate Squid

Oleg N. Katugin, Gennadyi A. Shevtsov, Mikhail A. Zuev,
Vasilyi D. Didenko, Vladimir V. Kulik and Nickolai S. Vanin
Pacific Research Fisheries Centre (TINRO-Centre), Vladivostok, Russia

Abstract

Biology, ecology and fisheries of one of the most highly abundant and wide-spread
North Pacific commercially valuable gonatid squid Berryteuthis magister have been
reviewed, based on the analysis of early life history, age and growth, fecundity and
maturation, size-and-maturity, distribution at different ontogenetic stages, feeding habits,
population structure, and changes in catch and abundance.

1. Introduction

The schoolmaster gonate squid Berryteuthis magister (Berry, 1913) is a wide-spread
boreal North Pacific species of the oegopsid family Gonatidae (Nesis, 1973, 1985, 1987,
1995, 1997; Okutani, 1995, 2005; Okutani et al., 1988). This species is highly abundant and
plays an important role in various marine ecosystems of the North Pacific Ocean, being prey
to numerous predators and exhibiting life style of a predator from the early ontogenetic stages
(Chuchukalo, 2006). Berryteuthis magister is the only commercially harvested species of the
family Gonatidae in the North Pacific Ocean (Nesis, 1998; Roper et al., 2010). This species is
unique in many aspects, which is reflected in characteristic patterns of its spatial, vertical and
seasonal distribution; age, growth and maturation; intraspecific structure; and behavior
(Arkhipkin et al., 1996; Fedorets, 2006; Katugin, 1995a, 1998, 2002; Kubodera, 1992; Nesis,
1998).

 Corresponding author: Oleg N. Katugin. Pacific Research Fisheries Centre (TINRO-Centre), 4 Shevchenko Alley,
Vladivostok 690090, Russia. E-mails: [email protected], [email protected].
2 Oleg N. Katugin, Gennadyi A. Shevtsov, Mikhail A. Zuev et al.
Irrespective of the fact that a huge body of information about this species has been
published in the scientific literature, its life cycle remains to a greater part a mystery, because
there still is no or very few reliable information about the squid spawning sites, egg-masses
and the earliest ontogenetic stages. Most of the available data on B. magister comes from the
studies of post-paralarval stages, juveniles and adults. Even though the information about B.
magister is somewhat restricted ontogenetically, it nevertheless enabled the researchers to
expand our understanding of various biological traits of this species. In this review, we will
consider both published and original information about the species, and pay special attention
to those features of the squid biology and fisheries that had been weakly covered in the
literature. Most of the data that we have used were collected during research cruises of
TINRO-Centre into the boreal North Pacific Ocean in the late 20th – early 21st centuries.

2. Life History Biology

Berryteuthis magister is a benthopelagic species, and its mode of life can be characterized
as quasibenthic, indicating that the squid life cycle is strongly associated with the bottom
(Okutani, 1988).
In most areas across its geographic range, the species occurs almost exclusively in deep
water primarily on the continental slope, which makes it rather difficult to study life history of
this squid, in particular, the earliest and latest phases of ontogenesis. Data on spawning and
earliest ontogenetic stages of B. magister are scarce and often rather controversial.
Nevertheless, critical assessment of the existing data makes it possible to reconstruct a
reliable version of the species life history.

2.1. Early Stages

Direct observations on spawning and hatching of B. magister have never ever been
recorded. The only reliable information on presumably B. magister egg masses comes from
the coastal waters off southeast Alaska (Bruce Wing, pers. comm.).
These egg masses were described as brown-colored gelatinous spheres 25-50 cm in
diameter and tapering on the top; they were observed drifting below the surface to about 15 m
depths in January through March. Individual eggs were ovoid in shape (1.7 by 2.0 mm) inside
colorless spherical outer capsule of about 2.5-3.0 mm in diameter.
Those eggs from floating egg masses appeared very close in size to the known size of
ripe eggs from oviducts of spawning and spent B. magister females from the northwestern
Bering Sea, which ranged 2.50-3.22 mm in diameter (Nigmatullin et al., 1996). Judging from
the egg size and occurrence of spawning B. magister females in the area where egg masses
have been observed, these egg masses most likely belong to this particular species.
In the Northeast Pacific, spawning of the species was indirectly evidenced by the
occurrence of recently hatched individuals. In the Strait of Georgia, the smallest reported
paralarvae were 4.9 mm in mantle length, had dome-shaped mantle without developed fins,
internal yolk, relatively large funnel and only three pairs of small appendages; they were
captured from February through April (Okutani, 1988).