Table Of ContentPratyoosh Shukla
Brett I. Pletschke
Editors
Advances
in Enzyme
Biotechnology
Advances in Enzyme Biotechnology
Pratyoosh Shukla (cid:129) B rett I. Pletschke
Editors
Advances in Enzyme
Biotechnology
Editors
Pratyoosh Shukla Brett I. Pletschke
Department of Microbiology Department of Biochemistry,
Maharshi Dayanand University Microbiology and Biotechnology
Rohtak, Haryana , India Rhodes University
Grahamstown, South Africa
ISBN 978-81-322-1093-1 ISBN 978-81-322-1094-8 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-81-322-1094-8
Springer New Delhi Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London
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Foreword
This book is a collection of few recent discoveries in enzyme biotechnology
by leading researchers in Enzyme Technology and further some selected
contributions presented at the 51st Annual Conference of the Association of
Microbiologists of India (AMI- 2010) which was organized at the beautiful
campus of Birla Institute of Technology in Mesra, Ranchi, India, during
December 14–17, 2010. The book is edited by Dr. Pratyoosh Shukla, one of
the executive members of the Organizing Committee and Prof. Brett I.
Pletschke from Rhodes University in Grahamstown, South Africa, who was
one of the leading invited speakers of the meeting. The meeting was attended
mainly by participants from India but was also made international by a num-
ber of invited speakers from abroad. The meeting covered various fi elds of
microbiology, including agricultural and soil microbiology, algal biotech-
nology, biodiversity, biofuel and bioenergy, bioinformatics and metagenom-
ics, environmental microbiology, enzyme technology, and food and medical
microbiology. An important feature of the meeting was participation of
industrial researchers which contributed to fruitful interactions between
industrial and academic research indispensable for the development of new
progressive biotechnologies. The majority of chapters in the book are dedi-
cated to industrially important enzymes modifying plant polysaccharides
and lignin. On one hand, the chapters review the current state of the art in the
areas of production and application of glycoside hydrolyses, esterases, and
lignin-degrading enzymes, while on the other hand, they describe modern
trends in the development of enzyme technologies, including the computa-
tional enzyme design and enzyme mutations. The fact that most of the chap-
ters originate in India demonstrates rapid emergence of research activity and
enormous interest leading to the development of new enzyme technologies
in the country. As we know India is a country which is heavily populated,
and the sustainability of this country is very strongly dependent on environ-
ment friendly biotechnologies. Finally , I would also like to emphasize the
general tone of the meeting which was optimistic and enthusiastic about
emerging novel applications of enzymes and processes producing usable
energy for the future. This book also represents a powerful exposure of
important research of the present time to young researchers who fi lled the
v
vi Foreword
meeting/lecture rooms . The hard work of the organizers of the meeting and
the editors of this volume is greatly appreciated.
Slovak Academy of Sciences RNDr. Peter Biely, DrSc
Institute of Chemistry, Center for Glycomics
Bratislava , Slovakia
September 11, 2012
Preface
There has been a rapid expansion of the knowledge base in the fi eld of
enzyme biotechnology over the past few years. Much of this expansion has
been driven by the bio-discovery of many new enzymes from a wide range
of environments, some extreme in nature, followed by subsequent protein
(enzyme) engineering. These enzymes have found a wide range of applica-
tions, ranging from bior emediation, biomonitoring, biosensor development,
bioconversion to biofuels and other biotechnologically important value-
added products, etc.
The major goal of this book is to provide the reader with an updated view
of the latest developments in the area of enzyme biotechnology. This book
presents an exceptional combination of fascinating topics and the reader will
be pleased to see that the latest technologies available for an improved under-
standing of enzymes are included in the book. For example, a thermostable
enzyme with sugar metabolic activity is improved by targeted mutagenesis
(Chap. 1 ). The reader will note that there is a signifi cant focus on the role of
hydrolases (Chap. 2 ) and other depolymerising enzymes in this book, as these
enzymes form a major component of the annual revenue generated by indus-
trial enzymes. The various other topics ranging from the synthesis of prebi-
otic galacto-oligosaccharides (Chap. 3 ), biomass-degrading enzymes, in
general, mannanases (Chap. 4 ), glycoside hydrolases and their synergistic
interactions (Chap. 5 ), manganese peroxidases (Chap. 6 ) to the modern trends
in experimental techniques in enzyme technology (Chap. 7 ) are also covered
in the present book.
Further, the most up-to-date studies related to an overview of the method-
ologies available for motif fi nding in biological sequences (Chap. 8 ), charac-
teristic molecular features and functional aspects of chitin deacetylases
(Chap. 9 ), the role of enzymes in plant–microbe interactions (Chap. 1 0 ) and
the bioprospecting of industrial enzymes in various grain-processing indus-
tries (Chap. 1 1 ) have also been included.
Moreover, the readers of the book will be delighted to see that the most up
to date technologies available for a better understanding of enzymes are
included in this book to enhance the learning skills in key facets of research
in enzyme biotechnology.
vii
viii Preface
We hope that the reader will fi nd the information presented here valuable
and stimulating. We acknowledge and are indebted to all those who have
generously contributed to the completion of this book, and welcome com-
ments from all those who use this book.
Haryana, India Pratyoosh Shukla
Grahamstown, South Africa Brett I. Pletschke
Contents
1 Improvement of Thermostable Enzyme with Sugar
Metabolic Activity by Targeted Mutagenesis ............................. 1
Yutaka Kawarabayasi
2 Glycoside Hydrolases for Extraction and Modifi cation
of Polyphenolic Antioxidants ....................................................... 9
Kazi Zubaida Gulshan Ara , Samiullah Khan ,
Tejas S. Kulkarni , Tania Pozzo , and Eva Nordberg Karlsson
3 On the Enzyme Specifi city for the Synthesis
of Prebiotic Galactooligosaccharides .......................................... 23
Barbara Rodriguez-Colinas , Lucia Fernandez-Arrojo ,
Miguel de Abreu , Paulina Urrutia , Maria Fernandez-Lobato ,
Antonio O. Ballesteros , and Francisco J. Plou
4 Microbial Mannanases: Properties and Applications ............... 41
Hemant Soni and Naveen Kango
5 Enzyme Synergy for Enhanced Degradation
of Lignocellulosic Waste ............................................................... 57
J. Susan van Dyk and Brett I. Pletschke
6 Manganese Peroxidases: Molecular Diversity,
Heterologous Expression, and Applications ............................... 67
Samta Saroj , Pragati Agarwal , Swati Dubey , and R. P. Singh
7 Advance Techniques in Enzyme Research .................................. 89
Debamitra Chakravorty and Sanjukta Patra
8 Regulatory Motif Identifi cation in Biological Sequences:
An Overview of Computational Methodologies ......................... 111
Shripal Vijayvargiya and Pratyoosh Shukla
9 Chitin Deacetylase: Characteristic Molecular
Features and Functional Aspects ................................................. 125
Nidhi Pareek , V. Vivekanand , and R. P. Singh
10 Role of Enzymes and Proteins in Plant-Microbe
Interaction: A Study of M . oryzae Versus Rice ........................... 137
Jahangir Imam , Mukund Variar , and Pratyoosh Shukla
ix
