Advancement of intelligent production

827 Pages·1994·41.833 MB·English

by  Eiji Usui, Seiki Gakkai (Japan), Chiba-ken (Japan), Chiba Industrial Technology Advancement Center

SPONSORBEYD
The] paa nS ocieftoyPr r ecisEinogni neering
•
ChibPar efecture
•
ChibIan dustTreicahln olAodgvya ncemeCnetn ter
JSPEP uBILCATISOENR IENSo .
r
•
Advancement
ofn tIelligent
Production
7THI NTERNATIOCNOANLF ERENCOEN PRODUCTION/
PRECISIEONNG INEERING
•
4TH INTERNATIOCNOANLF ERENCOEN HIGHT ECHNOLOGY
•
CHIBAJ,A PANS,E PTEMBER 1994
15-17,
•
Editbeyd
EijUis ui
TokyDoe nkUin iversity
TokyoJ,a pan
1994
ELSEVISECRI ENCBE. V.
AMSTERDA-ML AUSANN-EN EWY ORK- OXFOR-DS HANNON-T OKYO
ELSEVIESRC IENCBE. V.
SarBau rgerhartstraat
P.OB.o x woo AE2 5A msterdTahme,N etherlands
21,1
ISBN:o o
4448 1901
ElsevSiceire nBc.eV /.T heJ apaSno cieftoyPr r ecisEinogni neerAilnrlgi .g hrtess erved.
© 9194
No parotf t hipsu blicamtaiyob ne r eproducsetdo,r iedna retriesvyaslt eomr t ransmititnae ndy f ormo rb ya nym eans,
electromneicch,a nicpahlo,t ocopyriencgo,r doirno gt herwiwsiet,h otuhte p riowrr ittpeenr missoifot nh ep ublishEelrs,e vier
ScienBc.eV .C,o pyrighPte rmissiDoenpsa rtmePn.tO,B. o x woo AM AmsterdTamh,eN etherlands.
& 521,
Speciraelg ulatfioorrne sa deirnst heU .S.A�.T hisp ublicahtaisob ne enr egistweriettdhh eC opyrigChlte araCnecnet eIrn c.
(CCC)S,a lemM,a ssachusIentftosr.m atciaonbn e o btainferdo mt heC CC aboucto nditiuonndsew rh icphh otocopoifpe asr tosf
thipsu blicamtaiyob ne m adei nt heU .S.AA.lo lt hecro pyright questions, including tphheoU t.oSc.oAsp.hy,oi unlgd outside of
ber efertroet dh ec opyriogwhnte rE,l sevSiceire nBc.eV .u,nl eostsh erwiinsdei cated.
No responsiibsia lsistuym ebdyt hep ublisohreb ryT heJ apaSno cieftoyrP recisEinogni neerfionargn yi njuaryn d/odra mage
top ersoonrsp roperatsay m atteorfp roducltisa binleigtlyi,g eonrco et herwiosrfe r,o ma nyu seo ro peratoifoa nn ym ethods,
producitnss,t ructoirio dnesa s conitnat ihneme adt erhiearle in.
pp. Copyringohttt ransferred.
120-15,2 912-926,3 }3-338, 43424-548-4,43 4590-,4 55746·- ,55 8915-600:
Thisb ooki sp rintoenda cid-fpraepee r.
PrintienTd h eN etherlands.
v
Preface
The7 ht InternaCtoinofnearolen nP creo ductiioosnniE /nPgrience(eIrCiPnaEgn) dt h4et h
IntaetrinoCnoanlf eroenHn icgeTh e chno(lIoCgHyaT r)be e ihneglj do inatttl hIyen taetrinoCnoanlf erence
HalolfM akuhMaersis Ceh,i bPare tfuercJea,p farno Sme ptem1b5te or1 71,99 4T.h ec onferiesn ce
sponsobryte hdJe a paSno cifeotPryr iecsiEonng ineeCrhiinbPgar, e tfuercaen dC hibIan dustrial
TechnoAldovgayn ceCmeenntte r.
Towatrhd2e 1 tsC entuirnyd,u satrrceio emsp etlolt eudmf ro"mh ipgrho cdtuivaintdhy i gh
prieiscont"o" moiren telalnimdgo erhneut m an-ortieecnhtneoidlnm o agnyry"e spTechtcesa f.lo lpr a pers
inve iwo ft hsiuisa tticolne airnldtyie ctdah hei gh olfie tnveerlie ns tmt ohtiosift f h ceo nference around
thweo rlIdnf. a cOtr,g aniCzoimnmtgit reeec efiavmreo drp ea petrhsac no uplods sbiebf liyti tneatdt o h ree
day proagnrwdaa msr, e gretotbgalebitdlo sy c reeno fts hoemomeu t.
Thivso lu"mAed vancoefmI enntte lPlriogdteuincotcn o"n t9ai inntvsei kde ynpoatpeea rnsd1 9 1
technpiacpaewlr hsi cwhe rper esenttehdep apiensr e ssi"oAndsv anMcaneudf actSuyrsitnegm s",
"AdvanMcaecdh iTnoeo l"sC"u,t tainndAg b rasMiavceh ining",a n"dCP hheymsiiMccaaacllh ining
Preocsse"sM"e,a suremQeunaitltA ysa snudr aannc"deA "s,s emabnlidyps "u ,b liosfihfceidaa stl hlJeyS PE
PublicaSteiroNinoe1. sh ereuIptio sn .h tohptaethdv i osl uwmiesl elr tvoie n dtietc haeex issttianotgfe
thaer otfp roductiiisoonen/n pgrienceaenridil nlgu mairneaiantws eh iwcehp rocfeuerdtw hietorhu f ru ture
work.
Onb ehoaflt fhO er ganiCzoimnmgit Itc eoierd,a lalcyk nowtlhefedi gnea nscupipafolrr oCtm h iba
Prefetcott uhpreue ib clanto ifto hviosl uIms eh.o ualldsl koie t oe xtemnydd eeptehsatnt kots h geu est
speraska,eu thpoarrst,i cainpadal tnlhts esu ,p posrttaiffnotfgrh eciorn tritbotu htceio onnf erSepneccei.a l
thanskhso ubleed x prefsisneatdloP l ryo feTs.sS ohrisr aaknaTds. Hi a rawdhaom anagtehpdeu blinc.a tio
EiiUj siu
ChairOmragna,n iCzoimnmgi ttee
7tIhn ternaCtoinofnearloe nnP creou dctiroeincs/iPEonng ineering
4tIhn ternCaotnifoenraoelnHn icgehT echnology
Vll
ConfereOnrcgea nization
N.I kawaO sakUan iv.
T.H anaokCah iUbnai v.
S.M oritoSmeoi Skeoi CkoiL. t d.
T.N umatGao vrenoorfC hiPbrae fecture
S.O hkawaC hiUbna iv.
E.U suiT okyDoe nUkni iv.
InternatAidovniasloM reym bers
D.D ornfeldU niovfC. a loirnfiUaS,A
A.Y.NCe e NatioUnnaiolvf S. ni gpaorSei,gn apeo r
T.H.CCh.i ldTsh eU niovf. Lse,UeK d
IH.a m TheP ennsylvSatnaUitnaie v U.S,A
H.KT.o nshoUfnfi ovfH. a nnoGveerrm,a ny
E.RM.c ClurTeh eM oore CToomopla Innyc,U. S,A
R.K omanrdiu OklahSotmaaUt niev U.S,A
E..JAA.r mareTghoeU niovfM. e blournAeu,sr talia
J.KPr.u tKha tholUineikvee rLseiutveBeientl, guim
H.K unzmanPnh ysik-aTleicishscncBhhuen desaGnesrtmaalnty,
D.WJh.ti ehouUsnei .ov fW arwiUcKk ,
F.J ovanIest tuitdoiT echongoiIlen dusetdr iali
AutomoanzeIi,t aly
G.S purT ecihcnUanli .Bv erlGienr,m any
A.D eP enningTthoeUn n iovfL. e edUsK,
T.AD.e anT heU niovfB. r iminghUaKm ,
ScienCcoem mittee
H.K imurTah eU niovfT. o kyo
H.S uzukTih eU niovfT. o kyo
1.
AdvanMcaendu factSuyrsitnegm s
E.A raiT okyMoe tropoUlniivt.a n
Y.H ukudaJ apSaonc ifeottryh M ee trooltpiaonf
MachiInnedu stry
M.I koshTio kyMoe tropUonlvii.t an
Y.K akazHuo kkaUindiov .
S. KaTnoakiy Ion suttoieftT echnology
T.K ojmia Mechanical LEanbgoirnaeteorriyn g
M.O nosatOos akUan i.v
K.U edaK obUen iv.
S.T akatWaa seUdnai v.
Vlll
2.
Advanced TMoaoclhsi ne
T.A oyamaK eio GiUjniyvu.k u
T.I harCah uUon vi.
N.S umguiraK obUeni v.
K. TakNaadgaa oUknvai.o f T echongoyl
Y.T akeucThhieU niovf. Eol-eCcotmrmcuantiions
M.T sutsuTmoik yUoni v.A gorfui lcrteau nTde chnology
3.
CuttainnAdgb rasMiavceh ining
S.A nmiM usaIsnhsiut toieftT echnology
H.E da lbarUanikvi.
H.I nouMee chanEincgailn eLearbionrga tory
T.I namurNaa goIynats utotiefT echnology
T.K agiwaHdoak kaUindiov .
Y.K andaT oyUon vi.
A.K yujsnio NagaoUknvai. of T echnology
T.M atsuKoum amoUtnoi v.
T.O bikawTao kyIon stoiftT uetceh nology
T.O hnoT okyMoe tropIonlsiutttoiaefnt
Technology
S.O kuyamNaa tioDneafleA ncsaed emy
Y.S aitCoh iUbnai v.
T.S ugaT he UonfTi ovk.y o
M.Y okogawKao gakUuniinv .
4.
PhysaincCdah le miMcaaclh iPnrioncge sses
K.H oriSoa itUanmiav .
M.K uniedTao kyUoni vo.fA griucruaeln td
Technology
T.M asuzaTwhae U nivo.fT okyo
N.M ohriT oyoTteacn hologIincsatli tute
5.
MeasureamnQedun atl Aistsyu rance
T.K ohnoT okyMoe tropolitoafn Institute
Technology
K.M atumoNtaot ioRneasle aLracbho raotfo ry
Metlroog y
K.T akamaTshueU nivo.fT okyo
6.
Assembly
H.H riaokCah uUon iv.
H.M akinYoa manaUsnvhi.i
(Twroe ferreeveise ewaecpdha pfeoror r igiannaqdlu iiattlyy .)
AdvanceomfeI nntte lPlriogdeounnctE,t i ijUis u(iE ditor)
© 199E4l sevier B.SVc.iT ehneJc aep aSno cifoert y K-1
I
PreciEsnigoinn eeArlirlni gg.rh etss erved.
Towardtsh eI ntegraotfCi ADo,n CAE andF asFtr eFeo rmF abrication
a b b b a
M.I.BGl.o o,Mc .SB.l oo,Tr .H.CCh.i l,dA s.d eP enningatnodMn .JW.i lson
a
AppliMeadt hematicaUln iSvteurodsfLii eetesyd,L s S,29 JT,U nitKeidn gdom
b
MechanEincgailn eeUrniinvge,ro sfLi eteydL sS,29 JT,U nitKeidn gdom
Engineearnidbn ugs inceosmsp levxairtifryeo smm anufactsuercittnoosgr e cttoodr r iavr ea ngoefi nte­
grating tecThhniposal poaegdrid erse.ts hsreoesfte h esien:f ormeaxtcihoansn tgaen dardnieswad teiveo­n,
lopmeinntt hsde e scriopfgt eioomne rteryl attope rdod ufucntc tionaanldli atyy,me arn ufactfourrr aipnigd
prototyping.
1.IN TRODUCTION andm echansiycsatle wmista hp proximtahtee ly
samdee groefre e liaabsi lfuiltly- scale physical
Produlcicfety clesb ecaormepi rnogg ressiveexlpye rihmaebdnet sep ne rfifo rmed.
shorItnenro.v aitsti hosent rondgreisvtfoi rncgie n Integroafat c ioomnp anayc'tsi viisat c ioems­
thmea rkaenttd h eirsee v idetnhcapetr ofictasbn e pleoxp eratthiacotan n nboevt i ewfreodm a s ingle
gainfreodmt haeb iltiort eyd utciemt eom arkteot perspeacntidav neu mbeorf a pproahcahvees
am inimuOmn.l tyh sey stemaantdri acp uisdoe f attemtpotb erde tahkpe r obluep[m 5 6,,7 )T.h ese
newt echnolcoagnie enss utrhea at company arien creashienlgpilfunylp roviadfr ianmge work
remacionmsp etiintt hilevo en gteerr m. forc onsideirnitnegg riastsiuoIenns t .h ipsa per
Therhea bse eang rowiunngd erstaonftd hien gt hrelee veolfis n tegrhaatvibeoe ne and dressed
importoaftn hcveea lauded epdr oc[e1sI]sn. o rder initially:-
toi ncrevaasleiu env aridoeupsa rtmaecnttisv,i tyt hea ctiviintvioelsiv nen de wp roduicntt ro­
•
modellainndig n formamtoidoenl ltiencgh niquesd uctipoanr,t icudleasrilagynn,a, l yasnidps r ep­
capnr ovaim doer rei gorboausfosir se xaminai ng aratfoirom na nufacture;
wayfo rwar[d2 ]T.h estee chniaqrueeb se ing thien formraetqiuoinr epmaernttisc wuiltaahrn l y
•
appliteotd h ep rodulcitfc ey clfreo,m t hefo r­ aimt ofa cilictoamtmeu nicabteitownese n the
mulatoifao l ni osftr equiretmhernotudsge,hs ign, activaibtoivees; and
manufactteusrteai,nn dag n,a lytsomi asi,n tenancteh per oceswshiincighsg enersaotledeb lecya use
•
andr ecycblyiI nSgOS, T EP[ 3]S.TE P isa m ajor ofd ivearnsdeo fteinn adeqcuoamtpeu rteepr­
internateiffoonraptlr ovidai frnagm ewotrok resentoaftp iroondsua cntdws h icihsp articularly
addraelsalss peocftp sr odudcattm ao dellniontg , probleimnat thcieac s oefs hape.
jusdta teax chanUgnel.io kteh setra ndairthd ass, Thec halleonfgt eh esien tegravtairyo ns
been detsobi ege nxetde nsible. betwmeeann ufacturing sectors.
Commonluys edp artimaold elisn clude
geomettroyp,o laongday n alyrseissuT lhtesg .e n­ 2.M ANUFACTURING SECTOR FACTORS
eratioofns uchd atdau rindge sigrne quires
reseairncthto o olasn dm ethondost a vailableT hes tagoefps r oduacntdp rocepsrso totyping
todaIyn.i taitatle maprteesm ergtionp gr oviad e havceo mmofena turaecsr omsoss mta nufacturing
linbke twetehlnei osftr equireamnedanc tosn cepts ect[o2r]sA. fi rsstt agoefc onceapntde arly
desivginafu nctimoond ealnsd s chemadteisc­ prodduecsti mganyr equoinrlesy k etcohrCe ADs
criptions. visualiosram taiyob nehs e lpbeydo neo rt wo
Importdaenvte lophmaevnoetc sc urwrheidc h physical fomrom daerlkse,ta iensgt,h ectoimc­s,
makiet p ossitboul sece o mputiener nsg ineerimnugn icatvieorni,f iocraf teiaosni bcihleic(tkfoysr
decision-pmraokciewnsigst emhsu chg reartee­r exampfolre a ssemblaAb ifulritthyse)tr.a goef
liabialnidet ayst eh apnr eviously[ 4p]Io.ns sidbeltea iplreodd udcets imganyr equainrael yasnids
facti,it s n owf eastiobd leev eslooftpw aprreo ductsp rotofutnycptei otneaslt tihnpegr :o tomtaynpue­
whicwhi lmla kiet p ossitbosl iem ulsattreu cturfaaclt uring mparyod cieffsefrsro mt haitn fu ll
K-2
Produscptec ificati:om na rketn eeds,f unctionneedasl, m anufactunreedisn g
Pass
Evaluate: Evaluate:
Evaluate:P ass Pass
analysis analysis
Concept analysis
prototype prototype3
prototype 2
1
Fail Fail Fail
Early product Detail product Process( tooling)
design design design
Fi1g..P rotodteyspiaegc nt ivities
producatnidto ynp ictawlotl oty w enptryo totypesF igu1r seh owtshs ee quentiavli eoawfc tivity
mayb en eedAe ds.t aogfep rocdeesssi ignnc,l ­thi(sa ctimvoidteyl liiscn ogn siderefodr ­more
udinpgr e-prodpurcottioomtnay npuef acotfu rem alilnyS ect3i)ow,nh iFlieg u2r iest hien te­
posshiubnldyr oefpd asr tthsed,ne peonndt shi en ­ grationv-iceewn.t red
tendperdo ducrtoiuotFneo .rm achinoirfan bg­ Withtihnifr sa mewoprrko dcuocmtp lexities,
ricartoiuotnie tis n volves procFeosrs fupnlcatninoinnmagal.ni utfiaecspt,ru orcienasgns mdea sn ­
casmto,u ldoerds inteprreodd upcrtost,o typuef actuorrignagn isdaettieorntmshi eenx et etnot
toolmiunsgbt e d evel�Tpoeodl.di envge lopmewnhti cihn tegrbaettiwoeCneAD n, CAE andp ro­
difefrbse tweceans tainndmg o uldainndgb ulk totympaen ufacatsuo rpep,o steord e liaonnc e
metfoarlm inwgh ersee veirnatle rmesdtiaagtee t radistkiiolnilascs lu, r resnutclcye osrsi fusfl e a­
toomlasyn eetdob ec onsid[e8r]e.d sibfolret hfaes teosrmt o scto setff ectiinvter o­
ductoifon ne wp roduAc stesr.oi fec sa sset udies
Produscptec ific:am tairokne t,
illustthr(iasstAe ece k nowledgements).
functiaonndma aln ufactnuereindgs
Grou1p: s impfolrem u niptr oduwcittsh,
mainaleys thdeetsiiccgo nn str(afoiren xtasm ple
Protoitnypgph ase cosmetics, orct oanbtlaeiwdnaeersreis)ga,,nn edd
madien -hobuycs oem pandieedsi ctaott ehde se
Earlyp roduct Detapirlo duct
produrcatn geFsu.n ctipornoatlo tayrpene ost
design design
needeIdn.i tcioanlc eaprcters e aatneddd i scussed
as3 DC AD surfamcoed ealnsad r foel lowbeyod n e
Desigenv aluation
ort wmoa chinnoend- funcmtodieolnfosarm l a rket
Analysis communicwaittihdoianny a sta cosotf£ 200t o
Make prototype £500P. rotomtoyuplecd a viatriceer se afrtoemd
thCeAD modeblyN C milliinno gn et ot wo
elapwseeedka sta, c osotf£ 2 ,00t0o£ 5 ,00w0i, th
markveotl uamlel owtihncego sotfa nyd esign
Process( toionlgd)es ign chantgeobes a bsorbaettd h isst aIgnet.e gration
hasb eegna intehdr outguhm -kseyys teamnsd
furtghaeirnt sh roumgohr oep eann d versatile
Manufatcure
CAD,C AE anCdAM arneo atp riohreirtey.
Figu2.rP er ototiyntp hipenr go dluiccftye c le Grou2p: s imilsairmlpyul nei ptr odutcot s
Grou1p ( fore xamplleei,sp urroed ubcutfrtso )m,
K-3
companiweist ha wideprr odurcatn gaen dc on­ rangefrso m concetpotd etatiolt oolianngd p re­
sequenltelsyfs o cussekdi lTlhse.l asrte sulitns production, pirnob taottcyhpoeefsfrs o m onest o
sub-contrtaocotleimdna gn ufactwuirtelh,i ttcloes t tentso h undreadrse n eedeEdl.a psetdi measp p­
penalbtuyt a typictailm ep enaltoyf several roachian yge aarn dc ostusp t o£ 100,00p0e rp art
monthsI.nt higsr ougpr eatienrt egratthiroonu gh mayb ei ncurrHeedr.el iteh eg reatcehsatl lenges
improvceodm municatainodd na teax chancgoeu ld andn eedfosr improviendt egrabteitowne CeAnD ,
leatdo r educteidm teo m arkeitfn, e ebde . CAE andp rototmyapneu facture.
Group3 : morec omplicafotremd products, Ins ummaray ,r angoef c hallenigsse ese fonr
partso fa ssemblwiietshs omes tructourrpe arl­ thei ncreasrionlogef c omputaeird eedn gineering
formancefu nctional(ifotry e xamplceo nsumer inp rototypTihnegr.ae r es implfoer m,u niptr o­
electrgiocoadls C)o.n cepdte sigwni th3 D CAD ductwsi thfu nctiodno minatbeyda esthetaincds
leadsw,i thouat p hysicmaold els taget,o s uf­ manufact(uortfeh ep roduocrtt oolidnogm)i nated
ficientfulnyc tionparlo totypcerse atebdy NC bym achiniwnigt,hp rototytpiimnegm e asuriend
machinianngd fa brication, bfoylp lroowteodt ype dayasn dw eekasn dc ostisnt housanodfps o unds,
toodle velopmfoernp tr oductmioounl dionfgp arts. for whichc omputeirn tegraotfi aocnt iviitsi es
Evenw hena lalc tiviisit ny- houtsheem, o rec omp­ adequafotre n ow.T heraer es implfoer m products
licatfoerdm sl eatdo s everwaele kfosr makintgw o witha needfo r performance atnedst thien g
ort hrepea rtly functionalc opsrtoi£tn1o,gt0 y0p0e s creatioofn p artlfuyn ctionparlo totypwehse,r e
to £5,00a0n d to tenso f weeksfo r tooling timeasn dc ostasr em easuriendm onthasn dl ow
developmaetna t c osotf £ 10,00t0o£ 50,00p0e r tenosf t housanodfps o undhse;r teh ec halleonfg e
partT.h efu nctionailsin toytc ritiecnaolu gtho integraatnidon ne wt echnoliostg oyr educteh ese
needb ettaenra lyttiocoall(s C AE)b utn ewm anu­ timeasn dc ostTsh.e raer em orec omplicafotremd
facturitnegc hnolfoorg rya pipdr ototypwionugl d producotrsa ssembluiseusa,l wliyt hp erformance
witahd vantraegdeu tciem es. dominatfuendc tionawlhiitcyah,r ec urrenCtAlDy
Group4 :s malbla tcphr oducwtist he xtreme modelleodn lyw ithr espetcott heifurn ctional
functionnaele dasn da longl ifec ycldee,s igned surfacTehsi.cs a nb eb ecauosfet het imaen dc ost
andm anufactumraeidn liyn -hou(sfoer e xample ofc reatfuilnlg3 D CAD modelosrb ecauosfel ack
aerospaFcuel)3l.D CAD isu sedt,y picawliltyh ofk nowledogffe e atunreeesd efodr manufacturing
differednetfi nitifoorn gse ometrya,n alysmiasc,h ­ (fore xamplfiel leatnsd d rafta nglefosr casting).
inincga,s tientgcI,.n tegraotfiC oAnD andC AE is Physic(anlo n-functimoondaella)sr en otp roduced
ofm ajori mportancAe .c omponednets igann d becauosfet hed ifficultiinevso lvMeids.t akmeasy
prototypingc anct yackale ye e atro c omplete, witnho tb ed etectuendt itlh efu nctionparlo totyping
thet imee qualdliyv ided bedtewseiegnmn a,n u­ stagTei.m easn dc ostosfu pt oa y eaarn dh igthe ns
facturoef sam alnlu mbero f fullyfu nctional oft housanodfsp oundmsa y be involvHeedr.e
prototyapnedts e stiNnegw. t echnolfoorg rya pid theraer em anyc hallentgoed se:v el3opD CAD
tooliwnogu lbde b eneficial. toolbse ttaebrl teo c opwei tfuhl ldye taiplreodd uct
Group5 :m assm arkeptr oducwtist hh ighly representattoei noanbsal;be s tracttoib oedn esr ived
optimipseerdf ormanneceed sa, s hortleirfec ycle from thesmeo delwsh icha res uitafobrl ed esign
thaane rospaancdew itmhu chs ub-contra(cfotri ng andm anufactuarnianlgy (sCiAsE )a;n dt od evelop
examplaeu tomotiHveer)et. h ec omplicafotremd o f techniqfoure psr ototmyapneu factbuortehfa,s ter
somep artfosr, e xamplcey lindheera dwsi tht heir for functiontaels tianngdfo r earldye sigmno dels
combustcihoanm berass,s ociaitneldaen td e xhaust tob ec reatwehde rper evioutshlecyyo ulndo tb e.
manifoladnsdc oolijnagc keatnsd,t hed rivteo Whered esigann d manufactuarree sub­
reducceo satn dt imel,e adt oi ncomplCeAtDe contracatmeodn gd ifferecnotm panioersb ,e tween
modelliOnngl.yp erformance-scurriftaimccaeaysl differesnetc tioofns si ngllaer gceo mpanideesl,a ys
bem odellewdi,t hr esponsibfoirl tiotoyl icnrge ­ andc ostcsa na risfoer managemecnotm plexity
atiobne inlge ftt os killcerda ftsmeInns. o mec ases, ands chedulpirnigo rciatuys eIsn.s omec asetsh,e
nom odellibnugto nlay specificamtaiyob ne p ro­ produocwtn emra yw isohn ltyo s peciafyn dt os ub­
videbdy t hea utomotaisvsee mblAesrp .r ototyping contraacldtle sigann dm anufactruersep onsibility
K-4
too theTrhse.sb eu sinpeoslsii csys usetsr onglIyD EFIX[ llNI]AM, [21)a ndE XPRESS-[G31 )
dritvhene e efodrsi ntegroafit nifoonr mation.a rues efodr i nformation m4o idsea lns . Figure
EXPRESSi-nGf ormmaotdireoelnl attopi rnogd uct
3.I NTEGRATIOONF I NFORMATION definitdieorni,va esid sF, i gu3r,fre o mc urrent
worokn s hadpeef inaintedin ogni neaenrailnygs is
Thei mportoafan cccee ssible, avaiilna tbhleec ,o ntceooxrftr r eacptip dr ototyping (see
informiaswt eilorlne cogniitis sae nde ;s sentiAaclk nowledgAe dmieffinctusol)fit. my p lementing
featoufrc eo ncurernegnitn eering. Intfhoersrmeea ptrieosne nitsta htaioton neis s t oo soon
stratmeugssitue psp boursti annemdsa sn ufacturiinnflgu enbcyec do nstriamipnotssbe ydt oday's
strategies. compurteeprr esenit.ateth.rie eo qnusi,r eomfe nts
A distinschtoiubolendm adbee tweiennf or­thceo mpuatpeprl icsaotftiwoarnraset thheart nh e
matiaonndd atAat.a c onceplteuvaaelcl t,i viteinegsi neaecrtiinvgi ties.
requiinrpeua tnpsd r odouuctep oufit nsf ormatioAn ;u soefi nformmaotdiesolunsc a hsF igu4ri se
partiicnusltaaornf ic nepsua tnsod u tpaurtdesa ta. tos uppiomrptl emenItnSa TtiEoPan,no. b jective
Informaantddi aotnaa r ree laatsae dl geabnrda wast ofa cilidtaatetaxe c habnygd ee finiAnpgp ­
arithmFeotrei xca.m ptlhede,e siagcnt irvei­ty licaPtriootno (cAoPlc)so,,n strsauibnsoeefdat lsl
quirfuensc tiorneqauli remmaetnetrpsir,ao lp erttyh per odiuncfto rmaStTiEoPnp .r ocesfosro rs
ando thienrf ormtaobt eii onnp uwth,ip lreo ductC ADs ystweomuscl odn form tsoat nAr Pia,cn tdl y
definiitnicolnussd,hi anpmgea ,n ufacptluarnisn gd ateax chanwgoeu lbde fa cilit(abteetdw een
anpdr edibcetheadva iroieun rf ormoauttipount . systoepmesr aitnti hnsega mdeo maei.ng,B. r,e p
Currceonmtp udtaetrrae presenotfpa rtoi­onCsA D).
ductcso,n strbayic nuerdr aerncth iteicmt­uresA,n otmhajeorir n teirste hsuets oefi nformation
pintgoeso t roonngtl hyae c tiavnidit nyf ormatimoond eilnps r odduactstah arii.naegn.i, n formation
levaenlldsi mtihtie n dusdtersiiagilnnw e hrac ta n modfoerlt hper odwuhcitmc ihn imdiuspelsi cation
bed onWeh.i tlheme e srhe quireomfCe FnDtt,hs e andh enchee lptsoe nsucroen sistSeTnEcPy .
imposfoerdm aotf l aymearn ufact[u9ar]ni dn g modealnsd m ethopdrso viad foer malifosrm
sharpeep reseinnst taatotifteo h nae r CtA Dn eed companwiiessh itnogd efinteh eiprr oduct
integrtaotdiatnyog,d asyo'lsu tmiuosnntos ct o n­ informarteiaodfonyr ,s ayd,a tbaa siem ple­
stroauivrni soifot nhfu et ure. mentatEixopne.r imaerncthailt weicttahud rde­
Anyi nformsattriaontnee egtdyos u nderstaintdi otnoaoltl osa lloiwn terproeftS aTtEiPo n
thdeo maoifni tisn terie.tseht.ae, c tivaintdi esi,n tegrreastoeudar rcbeee si dnegv elfoorpt ehdi s
therierl ationshciopnss traian.idenc .to sm,­ purp[o1 s4e] .
municabteitownea,ec nt ivTihteim eest.ho dologyH owevSeTrE,Pi tsiescl uf rreunntdleyr going
evolvtiodn egv eSlToEpeP m bratcheeissn te h seo interrneavli seiwn tchese h arrienqgu iriesm ent
calalpepdl icaarteaianoi dnbs eiandgo pwtiedde ly.w idetlrya nsilnattAoep dp licPartoitooincn otle r­
Ther atioonfaS lTeE Pi st haetn gin(eneorts operaTthiioisnsd . i reccotulnytt oet rh dee sign
"compupteeorpa"lg er)ae beo tuhte rierq uiremeanitmsos f A Psa ndc ouldde geneirnatutose eo f
andi tertaota e c ommofonr malrleyp resentseudb sfreotmas s inlgalreAg Pe,r eminiosfoc ledn t
understTahnediriseon gng. o idnegb aatbeot uhte (IGEtSe)c hno[31l)o.gy
toofolrts h is. Dateax chaanngded atsah arhiangvb ee en
STEPc ontriubsuIetD oErFs[O 01 )t om odel descraisbi endt erfaancdii nntge grwahteiroen ,
activFioterix easm.p Flieg,u3 r meo rfuel layn d appliccaatdnii oipnn st( oov ri epwa)ro tfa l arger
formaldleyv eltohpeas c tiv(iwtiittehhs e iinr­ minimmoadle Wlo.r [k51 ,1 6o)n s uppotrtoo lfosr
formatliionnok fst )hd ee silgenvo efpl r ototypicnogn curernegnitn ewehriiccnohgn sfoirdmearl ising
thadno eFsi gu2r.Ee a cahc tivfoirte yx,a mples pecifiacnadtf iuonnc tiroenqauli refomre nts
'EvalDueastiege nxsp'a ntdoas l owelre voefl electro-mpercohdauancrietecns aa lb liindn egp th
actimvoidteyl lwihnigFl,ie g u3ri et siesal nfe x­ exploroaftt hiSeoT nE Pc ontritbout thineoe nx t
pansoifao h ni ghleerva eclt i'vPirtoyda,Cu ocme­ generaotfia opnp licable sitnrfaotremgaiteiso n
ponenatn'o,tp haerrot fw hicihs' Manufactuwrhei'wc.ih bl elm orien tegtrhaattnoe dda ys'.