Table Of ContentADVANCED APPLICATIONS OF
IONIC LIQUIDS
ADVANCED
APPLICATIONS OF
IONIC LIQUIDS
Edited by
J A S
AMAL KHTER IDDIQUE
MarieCuriefellow(List-B),SASPRO-2,SlovakAcademyofSciences,Bratislava,Slovakia
S P A
HAHID ERVEZ NSARI
DepartmentofAppliedChemistry,ZakirHusainCollegeofEngineeringandTechnology,Facultyof
EngineeringandTechnology,AligarhMuslimUniversity,Aligarh,India
A A P K
FTAB SLAM ARWAZ HAN
CenterofExcellenceforAdvancedMaterialsResearch,KingAbdulazizUniversity,
Jeddah,SaudiArabia
A M. A
BDULLAH SIRI
CenterofExcellenceforAdvancedMaterialsResearch,KingAbdulazizUniversity,
Jeddah,SaudiArabia
Elsevier
Radarweg29,POBox211,1000AEAmsterdam,Netherlands
TheBoulevard,LangfordLane,Kidlington,OxfordOX51GB,UnitedKingdom
50HampshireStreet,5thFloor,Cambridge,MA02139,UnitedStates
Copyright©2023ElsevierInc.Allrightsreserved.
Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,elec-
tronicormechanical,includingphotocopying,recording,oranyinformationstorageandretrieval
system,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher.Detailsonhowtoseekpermission,fur-
therinformationaboutthePublisher’spermissionspoliciesandourarrangementswithorganiza-
tionssuchastheCopyrightClearanceCenterandtheCopyrightLicensingAgency,canbefoundat
ourwebsite:www.elsevier.com/permissions.
Thisbookandtheindividualcontributionscontainedinitareprotectedundercopyrightbythe
Publisher(otherthanasmaybenotedherein).
Notices
Knowledgeandbestpracticeinthisfieldareconstantlychanging.Asnewresearchandexperience
broadenourunderstanding,changesinresearchmethods,professionalpractices,ormedicaltreat-
mentmaybecomenecessary.
Practitionersandresearchersmustalwaysrelyontheirownexperienceandknowledgeinevaluat-
ingandusinganyinformation,methods,compounds,orexperimentsdescribedherein.Inusing
suchinformationormethodstheyshouldbemindfuloftheirownsafetyandthesafetyofothers,
includingpartiesforwhomtheyhaveaprofessionalresponsibility.
Tothefullestextentofthelaw,neitherthePublishernortheauthors,contributors,oreditors,
assumeanyliabilityforanyinjuryand/ordamagetopersonsorpropertyasamatterofproducts
liability,negligenceorotherwise,orfromanyuseoroperationofanymethods,products,instruc-
tions,orideascontainedinthematerialherein.
ISBN:978-0-323-99921-2
ForInformationonallElsevierpublications
visitourwebsiteathttps://www.elsevier.com/books-and-journals
Publisher:SusanDennis
AcquisitionsEditor:GabrielaD.Capille
EditorialProjectManager:ZsereenaRoseMampusti
ProductionProjectManager:RashmiManoharan
CoverDesigner:GregHarris
TypesetbyMPSLimited,Chennai,India
List of contributors
Maroof Ali Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh,
UttarPradesh,India
FahmeenaAsmat AligarhMuslimUniversity,Aligarh,UttarPradesh,India
Elham Avirdi Department of Chemistry, Material Science Innovation &
Modelling(MaSIM)ResearchFocusArea,FacultyofNaturalandAgricultural
Sciences,North-WestUniversity,Mmabatho,SouthAfrica
Indra Bahadur Department of Chemistry, Material Science Innovation &
Modelling(MaSIM)ResearchFocusArea,FacultyofNaturalandAgricultural
Sciences,North-WestUniversity,Mmabatho,SouthAfrica
Moghal Zubair Khalid Baig Department of Advanced Organic Materials
Engineering,ChungnamNationalUniversity,Daejeon,RepublicofKorea
Shaista Bano Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh,
UttarPradesh,India
Vijaykumar S. Bhamare Department of Chemistry and Centre for
Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, KLS Gogte Institute of Technology,
Udyambag,Belagavi,Karnataka,India
Mansi Chaudhary Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma
College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India; Amity Institute of Applied
Sciences,AmityUniversity,Noida,India
Chien-Yen Chen Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National
ChungChengUniversity,Min-Hsiung,ChiayiCounty,Taiwan
IndrajitDas DepartmentofChemistry,IndianInstituteofTechnologyMadras,
Chennai,India
Saima Farooq Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, College of
Arts&Sciences,UniversityofNizwa,Nizwa,Oman
Panmei Gaijon Department of Chemistry, Kirori Mal College, University of
Delhi,NewDelhi,India
Geetu Gambhir Department of Chemistry, Acharya Narendra Dev College,
UniversityofDelhi,NewDelhi,India
Ramesh L. Gardas Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Madras,Chennai,India
Umaima Gazal Chemistry Department, Raja Bahadur Venkata Rama Reddy
Women’s College, Affiliated to Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telengana,
India
Sudipta Ghosh Department of Chemistry, Kirori Mal College, University of
Delhi,NewDelhi,India
xv
xvi
Listofcontributors
Manjunath S. Hanagadakar Department of Chemistry, S.J.P.N. Trust’s
HirasugarInstituteofTechnology,Nidasoshi,Karnataka,India
Abul Hasnat Department of Chemistry, Gandhi Faiz-E-Aam College,
Shahjahanpur,UttarPradesh,India
Seyyed Emad Hooshmand Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty
of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences,
Tehran,Iran
Sushma P. Ijardar Department of Chemistry, Veer Narmad South Gujarat
University,Surat,India
Mohd. Imran Department of Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central
University),Delhi,NewDelhi,India
Md Rabiul Islam Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University,
Aligarh,UttarPradesh,India
Shagufta Jabin Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Manav
Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad, Haryana,
India
Pallavi Jain Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Department of
Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, NCR Campus,
Ghaziabad,UttarPradesh,India
Arun Kant Department of Chemistry, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi,
NewDelhi,India
Lebogang Maureen Katata-Seru Department of Chemistry, Material Science
Innovation & Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Natural
andAgriculturalSciences,North-WestUniversity,Mmabatho,SouthAfrica
Abbul Bashar Khan Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New
Delhi,India
Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan Center of Excellence for Advanced Materials
Research,KingAbdulazizUniversity,Jeddah,SaudiArabia
Imran Khan Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Sultan Qaboos
University, Muscat, Oman; CICECO—Aveiro Institute of Materials,
ChemistryDepartment,UniversityofAveiro,Aveiro,Portugal
Jamal Ahmad Khan Applied Sciences and Humanities section, University
Polytechnic, Zakir Husain College of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh
MuslimUniversity,Aligarh,UttarPradesh,India
Mohd Arham Khan Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University,
Aligarh,UttarPradesh,India
Prasanna S. Koujalagi Department of Chemistry and Centre for Nanoscience
and Nanotechnology, KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, Udyambag,
Belagavi,Karnataka,India
Raviraj M. Kulkarni Department of Chemistry and Centre for Nanoscience
and Nanotechnology, KLS Gogte Institute of Technology, Udyambag,
Belagavi,Karnataka,India
xvii
Listofcontributors
Kamlesh Kumari Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, New Delhi,
India
Anita Kumari Yadav Department of Chemistry, Rajdhani College, University
ofDelhi,NewDelhi,India
Sandeep R. Kurundawade Department of Chemistry, KLE Technological
University,Hubballi,Karnataka,India
Moonyong Lee School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University,
Gyeongsan,RepublicofKorea
Jyoti Prakash Maity Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences,
National Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi County, Taiwan;
Department of Chemistry, School of Applied Sciences, KIIT Deemed to be
University,Bhubaneswar,Odisha,India
Ramesh S. Malladi Department of Chemistry, BLDEA’s V. P. Dr. P. G.
HalakattiCollegeofEngineeringandTechnology,Vijaypur,Karnataka,India
Ayaz Mohd Applied Biotechnology Department, University of Technology
andAppliedSciences,Sur,SultanateofOman
A. Moheman Department of Chemistry, Gandhi Faiz-E-Aam College,
Shahjahanpur,UttarPradesh,India
Zakira Naureen Department of Biological Sciences and Chemistry, College of
Arts&Sciences,UniversityofNizwa,Nizwa,Oman
Alam Nawaz School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University,
Gyeongsan,RepublicofKorea
Emmanuel A. Oke Department of Chemistry, Veer Narmad South Gujarat
University,Surat,India
Shweta Pal Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College,
University of Delhi, New Delhi, India; Amity Institute of Applied Sciences,
AmityUniversity,Noida,India
K. Rama Swami Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology
Madras,Chennai,India
Raju Kumar Sharma Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National
Chung Cheng University, Min-Hsiung, Chiayi County, Taiwan; Department
of Earth and Environmental Sciences, National Chung Cheng University,
Min-Hsiung,ChiayiCounty,Taiwan
Jamal Akhter Siddique Marie Curie fellow (List-B), SASPRO-2, Slovak
AcademyofSciences,Bratislava,Slovakia
M. Ramananda Singh Department of Chemistry, Kirori Mal College,
UniversityofDelhi,NewDelhi,India
PrashantSingh AmityInstituteofAppliedSciences,AmityUniversity,Noida,
India; Department of Chemistry, Atma Ram Sanatan Dharma College,
UniversityofDelhi,NewDelhi,India
Shailendra Kumar Singh Department of Chemistry, Hans Raj College,
UniversityofDelhi,NewDelhi,India
xviii
Listofcontributors
Md Palashuddin Sk Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University,
Aligarh,UttarPradesh,India
Young-A Son Department of Advanced Organic Materials Engineering,
ChungnamNationalUniversity,Daejeon,RepublicofKorea
MohmmadUmiad AligarhMuslimUniversity,Aligarh,UttarPradesh,India
Mohd Amil Usmani Department of Chemistry, Gandhi Faiz-E-Aam College,
Shahjahanpur,UttarPradesh,India
Rajender S. Varma Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials,
Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky´ University in
Olomouc,Olomouc,CzechRepublic
Sana Zafar Department of Applied Sciences and Humanities, Jamia Millia
Islamia(CentralUniversity),Delhi,NewDelhi,India
Preface
Alkylammonium nitrates and chloroaluminates found by the combi-
nation of aluminum chloride and quaternary heterocyclic cations pro-
vide the origin of ionic liquids. Walden (1914) invented the ionic liquid
using alkylammonium nitrate. However, their moisture sensitivity lim-
ited their potential application in various fields. It was Wilkes who dis-
covered moisture-stable ionic liquids in the 1990s. Other anions, such as
tetrafluoroborate or hexafluorophosphate, were used instead of alumi-
num chloride.
Since the turn of the century, ion liquids (ILs) have attracted consid-
erable attention. We may find different definitions of ILs at different
places, but the general definition is that these are salts with melting
(cid:1)
points below 100 C. The flexibility and broadness of such a definition
allows for considerable manipulation. The term “designer solvent”
refers to these as well.
A vast range of applications are being explored with ILs, as we will
discuss in this book. The unique properties of ILs have recently been
reported across many different research areas by scientists around the
world. Development of ILs continues to grow as more applications are
discovered for ILs. This has resulted in rapid growth of the field. The
number of papers published each year on ILs has doubled in the past
few years, and more importantly, researchers are now experimenting
with ILs and discovering how they can benefit their research. In this
book, we will present the concepts and recent advances in ionic liquid
applications. Our goal is to inspire further curiosity and enthusiasm for
these exciting and unique materials in the readers and to inspire them
to explore those further.
Jamal Akhter Siddique
Shahid Pervez Ansari
Aftab Aslam Parwaz Khan
Abdullah M. Asiri
xxiii
Dedication
The role of teachers in our life definitely started from our home,
school, colleges, anduniversitiestime to time; this isan endless
interaction throughout life. Agreat teacher is warm, accessible,
enthusiastic, andcaring. This person isapproachable,not only to
students but to everyone in and out of thecampus. This isthe teacher
to whom students know they can go with any problems or concernsor
even sharea funny story.
“Thisworkistruly dedicated to our allbeloved teachers whose
teachings continuously helpusin illuminating our academic and
moral goals in life.”
Thanks to allteachers;
Jamal A Siddique
Shahid P Ansari
Aftab APKhan
Abdullah M Asiri
