Adolescent rationality and development : cognition, morality, and identity

303 Pages·2011·3.914 MB·English

by  David Moshman

ADOLESCENT RATIONALITY
AND DEVELOPMENT
Cognition, Morality, and Identity
Third Edition

ADOLESCENT RATIONALITY
AND DEVELOPMENT
Cognition, Morality, and Identity
Third Edition
David Moshman

University of Nebraska-Lincoln
Psychology Press Psychology Press
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Moshman, David.
Adolescent rationality and development : cognition, morality, and identity /
David Moshman. -- 3rd ed.
p. cm.
Rev. ed. of: Adolescent psychological development : rationality, morality, and
identity. 2nd ed. 2005.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-84872-860-8 (hbk. : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-1-84872-861-5 (pbk. :
alk. paper)
1. Adolescent psychology--Textbooks. I. Moshman, David. Adolescent
psychological development. II. Title.
BF724.M67 2011
155.5--dc22 2010045913
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
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ISBN 0-203-83511-5 Master e-book ISBN
To Eric and Michael,
no longer adolescents, if they ever were,
and for my Sara,
always

Contents
Preface xi
Introduction xv
part I Cognitive Development
Chapter 1 Piaget’s Theory of Formal Operations 3
Piaget’s Theory of Cognitive Development 4
Piaget’s Theory of Formal Operations 8
Research on Formal Operations 11
The Quest for Postformal Operations 17
Conclusion 21
Chapter 2 Inference, Thinking, and Reasoning 23
The Ubiquity of Inference 23
Thinking as Purposeful Inference 24
Reasoning as Self-Constrained Thinking 26
Diversity in Thinking and Reasoning 33
Conclusion 36
Chapter 3 Metacognition and Epistemic Cognition 37
Rationality as Metacognition 37
Development of Metalogical Understanding 40
Epistemic Cognition and Development 42
Epistemic Domains 47
Conclusion 48
Chapter 4 The Construction of Rationality 49
The Construction of Metalogical Understanding 50
The Construction of Metasubjective Objectivity 54
Reflection, Coordination, and Peer Interaction 60
Conclusion 61
vii
viii   ■   Contents
part II Moral Development
Chapter 5 Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development 65
Female Circumcision: A Case Study in Culture
and Morality 65
Moral Rationality 67
Piaget’s Theory of Moral Development 69
Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development 70
Research on Kohlberg’s Theory 74
Conclusion 76
Chapter 6 Justice, Care, and Virtue 77
Conceptions of the Moral Domain 78
Prosocial Conceptions of Morality as Care 79
Eudaimonist Conceptions of Morality as Virtue 81
Moral Foundations 84
Conclusion 86
Chapter 7 Principles and Perspective Taking 89
Advanced Morality as Principled Morality 89
Advanced Morality as Advanced Perspective Taking 93
Morality and Culture 96
Conclusion 101
Chapter 8 The Construction of Morality 103

Mildred Loving 103
Moral Reasoning and Moral Development 105
A Pluralist Conception of Moral Development 106
Conclusion 111
part III Identity Formation
Chapter 9 Erikson’s Theory of Identity Formation 117
Erikson’s Theory of Personality Development 118
Erikson’s Theory of Adolescent Identity Formation 120
Marcia’s Theory of Identity Formation 121
Contents   ■   ix
Research on Identity Status 124
Conclusion 128
Chapter 10 Identity as a Theory of Oneself 129
Development of Self-Conceptions 130
Construing the Self as a Person 132
Domains of Identity 136
Beyond Cognition 137
Conclusion 138
Chapter 11 Personal and Social Identity 139
Social Identity 140
Ethnic Identity 142
Gender, Culture, and Identity 146
Conclusion 151
Chapter 12 The Construction of Identity 153
Developmental Process 153
Discovery or Creation 156
Sexual Identity 159
Conclusion 164
part IV Development Beyond Childhood
Chapter 13 Rational Moral Identity 169

Moral Rationality 170
Rational Identity 171
Moral Identity 176
Rational Moral Identity 179
Conclusion 180
Chapter 14 Pluralist Rational Constructivism 181
Constructivism 181
Rational Constructivism 183
Pluralist Rational Constructivism 185
Three Aspects of Diversity 188
Conclusion 191