Table Of ContentEvidence-based Anticancer Complementary
and Alternative Medicine
Volume 3
SeriesEditor
WilliamC.S.Cho
Forfurthervolumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/8883
William C. S. Cho
Editor
Acupuncture and
Moxibustion as an Evidence-
based Therapy for Cancer
2123
Editor
WilliamC.S.Cho
QueenElizabethHospital
DepartmentofClinicalOncology
Kowloon
HongKongSAR
China
ISSN2211-0534 ISSN2211-0542(Electronic)
ISBN978-94-007-4832-3 ISBN978-94-007-4833-0(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-94-007-4833-0
SpringerDordrechtHeidelbergLondonNewYork
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2012947032
© SpringerScience+BusinessMediaDordrecht2012
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Preface
In the recent decade, numerous experimental and clinical works investigating the
efficacyandsafetyofacupunctureandmoxibustionforcancercarehavebeenpub-
lished in medical journals, together with oceans of online articles.Although there
isalotofinformationonacupunctureandmoxibustion, thescientificandmedical
communitiesarethrustforup-to-dateandsystematicsourcesthataresupportedby
concretelaboratoryevidencesorclinicaltrials.Subsequenttoourpreviousvolumes
entitled Evidence-basedAnticancer Materia Medica and Materia Medica forVar-
ious Cancers, this volume steps up to gather leading oncologists, physicians and
scientistsinthefieldtodiscusstheapplicationofacupunctureandmoxibustionfor
the management of cancer. This book consists of fifteen chapters which address a
range of important aspects that will impact on the application of acupuncture and
moxibustion.Anoverviewofthesafetyandsideeffectsofacupunctureandmoxibus-
tionforcancercarearealsocovered.Inaddition,theintegrationofacupuncturewith
Westernmedicineincancertreatmentandrecentclinicaltrialsareincludedaswell.
Thisspecializedvolumedeliversevidence-basedinformationaboutacupunctureand
moxibustionforcancercarethatwouldbehelpfultobothmedicalprofessionalsand
cancerpatients.
WilliamC.S.Cho
v
Contents
1 AnOverviewofAcupunctureandMoxibustionforCancerCare..... 1
Tae-YoungChoi,MyeongSooLeeandEdzardErnst
2 TheMechanisticStudiesofAcupunctureandMoxibustion.......... 19
Jaung-GengLinandYi-HungChen
3 AcupunctureforCancerPain.................................... 51
CaroleA.PaleyandMarkI.Johnson
4 AcupuncturefortheTreatmentofHotFlashesinCancerPatients ... 67
FrancescoC.Peluso,PaulR.GravesandHaniAshamalla
5 AcupunctureandMoxibustionforCancer-RelatedSymptoms....... 83
RaimondK.WongandStephenM.Sagar
6 Use ofAcupuncture and Moxibustion in the Control ofAnticancer
Therapy-inducedNauseaandVomiting........................... 121
RieKonnoandAyeA.Gyi
7 AcupunctureandMoxibustionforSideEffectsofChemotherapy
inCancerPatients.............................................. 153
JillianL.Capodice,MitchellC.BensonandDawnL.Hershman
8 AcupuncturefortheTreatmentofSymptomsAssociated
withRadiationTherapy......................................... 183
JenniferA.Stone,SarahC.GreeneandPeterJohnstone
9 QualityofLifeofCancerPatientsafterAcupuncture
andMoxibustionTreatment ..................................... 199
NamieO.Sawada,LiyokoOkinoandAdrianaC.Nicolussi
10 AcupunctureandMoxibustionforPalliativeandSupportive
CancerCare................................................... 223
StevenK.H.Aung,DarcyL.DennisandJanT.W.Lim
vii
viii Contents
11 IsAcupunctureorMoxibustionBetterthanaSham
orPlacebo-Treatment? ......................................... 249
MyeongSooLee,Tae-HunKimandEdzardErnst
12 SafetyandSideEffectsofAcupunctureandMoxibustion
asaTherapyforCancer ........................................ 265
StephenM.SagarandRaimondK.Wong
13 AcupunctureandMoxibustioninAnimalModelsofCancer......... 291
RuixinZhangandLixingLao
14 IntegratingAcupuncturewithWesternMedicine
inCancerTreatment ........................................... 313
JunJ.MaoandMaliniM.Khanna
15 RecentClinicalTrialsofAcupunctureforCancerPatients .......... 329
GaryDeng,DavidSetoandBarrieCassileth
Index ............................................................ 349
Contributors
HaniAshamalla RadiationOncologyDepartment, NewYorkMethodistHospital
andWeillMedicalCollegeofCornellUniversity,Brooklyn,NY11215,USA
Steven K. H. Aung Department of Medicine and Family Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, 9904 106 Street NW, Edmonton,
Alberta,ALT5K1C4,Canada
Mitchell C. Benson Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 10th Floor,
161FortWashingtonAvenue,NewYork,NY10032,USA
Jillian L. Capodice Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 10th Floor,
161FortWashingtonAvenue,NewYork,NY10032,USA
BarrieCassileth IntegrativeMedicineService,MemorialSloan-KetteringCancer
Center,1429FirstAvenue,NewYork,NY10021,USA
Yi-HungChen GraduateInstituteofAcupunctureScience,ChinaMedicalUniver-
sity,Taichung,Taiwan
Tae-YoungChoi MedicalResearchDivision,KoreaInstituteofOrientalMedicine,
461-24,Jeonmin-dong,Yuseong-gu,Daejeon305-811,SouthKorea
GaryDeng IntegrativeMedicineService,MemorialSloan-KetteringCancerCen-
ter,1429FirstAvenue,NewYork,NY10021,USA
Darcy L. Dennis Department of Clinical Research, Vancouver Island Cancer
Centre,BCCancerAgency,2410LeeAvenue,Victoria,BCV8R6V5,Canada
EdzardErnst ComplementaryMedicine,PeninsulaMedicalSchool,Universityof
Exeter,Exeter,UK
Paul R. Graves Radiation Oncology Department, NewYork Methodist Hospital
andWeillMedicalCollegeofCornellUniversity,Brooklyn,NY11215,USA
SarahC.Greene IndianaUniversity,357S.LandmarkAve.SuiteB,Bloomington,
IN47403,USA
AyeA.Gyi NeurosurgeryDepartment,SchoolofMedicalScience,FacultyofHealth
Sciences,TheUniversityofAdelaide,Adelaide,SouthAustralia,Australia
ix
x Contributors
Dawn L. Hershman Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 10th Floor,
161FortWashingtonAvenue,NewYork,NY10032,USA
Mark I. Johnson Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Leeds Metropolitan
University,Leeds,UK
Peter Johnstone Chair of the Department of Radiation Oncology, 535 Barnhill
DriveRT041,Indianapolis,IN46202,USA
Tae-Hun Kim Medical Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine,
461-24,Jeonmin-dong,Yuseong-gu,Daejeon305-811,SouthKorea
Malini M. Khanna Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Perel-
man School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Spruce Street/5Gates,
Philadelphia,PA19104,USA
RieKonno JoannaBriggsInstitute,FacultyofHealthSciences,TheUniversityof
Adelaide,Adelaide,SouthAustralia,Australia
Lixing Lao Center for Integrative Medicine, School of Medicine, University of
Maryland, Rm 8-22, MSTF, 685 West Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201,
USA
MyeongSooLee MedicalResearchDivision,KoreaInstituteofOrientalMedicine,
461-24Jeonmin-dong,Yuseong-gu,Daejeon305-811,SouthKorea
JanT.W.Lim DepartmentofRadiationOncology,FacultyofSurgery,University
ofBritishColumbia,VancouverIslandCancerCentre,BCCancerAgency,2410Lee
Avenue,Victoria,BCV8R6V5,Canada
Jaung-Geng Lin School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University,
Taichung,Taiwan
Jun J. Mao Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, Abram-
son Comprehensive Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of
Pennsylvania,3400SpruceStreet/2Gates,Philadelphia,PA19104,USA
AdrianaC.Nicolussi CollegeofNursingatRibeirãoPreto,UniversityofSaoPaulo,
RibeirãoPreto,SP,Brazil
Liyoko Okino College of Nursing at Ribeirão Preto, University of Sao Paulo,
RibeirãoPreto,SP,Brazil
CaroleA.Paley AiredaleNHSFoundationTrust,Ward12,ResearchOffice,Skip-
tonRoad,Steeton,Keighley,WestYorkshire,BD206TD,UK
FacultyofHealthandSocialSciences,LeedsMetropolitanUniversity,Leeds,UK
Francesco C. Peluso State University of NewYork Downstate Medical Center,
Brooklyn,NY,USA
StephenM.Sagar DepartmentsofOncologyandMedicine,McMasterUniversity;
JuravinskiCancerCentre,699ConcessionStreet,Hamilton,ONL8V5C2,Canada
Contributors xi
NamieO.Sawada CollegeofNursingatRibeirãoPreto,UniversityofSaoPaulo,
RibeirãoPreto,SP,Brazil
David Seto Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, NewYork,
NY,USA
JenniferA.Stone DepartmentofRadiationOncology,SchoolofMedicine,Indiana
University,357S.LandmarkAve.SuiteB,Bloomington,IN47403,USA
RaimondK.Wong DepartmentsofOncologyandMedicine,McMasterUniversity;
JuravinskiCancerCentre,699ConcessionStreet,Hamilton,ONL8V5C2,Canada
RuixinZhang CenterforIntegrativeMedicine,SchoolofMedicine,Universityof
Maryland,Rm8-22,MSTF,685WestBaltimoreStreet,Baltimore,MD21201,USA
Chapter 1
An Overview of Acupuncture and Moxibustion
for Cancer Care
Tae-YoungChoi,MyeongSooLeeandEdzardErnst
Abstract Acupuncture and moxibustion are frequently used in palliative and sup-
portivecancercare.Manyclinicaltrialshavebeenconducted,andtheirresultshave
beenevaluatedinnumeroussystematicreviews(SRs).Theobjectiveofthischapter
istoprovideanoverviewoftheseSRs.Fourteendatabasesweresearchedfromtheir
inceptionthroughNovember2011.Studyselection,dataextraction,andvalidations
wereperformedindependentlybytworeviewers.ThequalityofSRswasassessed
using The Overview QualityAssessment Questionnaire. We identified 14 relevant
SRs: 11 SRs relating to acupuncture, 2 SRs relating to acupressure and 1 SR re-
latedtomoxibustionmetourinclusioncriteria.Theadverseeventsobservedamong
cancer patients included hot flashes, chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting
(CINV),leucopenia,xerostomiaandpain.Theindicationssupportedbyreasonably
goodevidencewereCINVandcancerpain.ThischapterconcludedthatCINVand
cancer pain are the only indications for acupuncture, acupressure or moxibustion
currentlysupportedbyconcreteevidence. Futurestudiesshouldbeofhighquality
withaparticularemphasisondesigningadequatecontrolinterventions.
1.1 Introduction
Cancerisaleadingcauseofdeathworldwide,accountingfor7.6milliondeaths(ap-
proximately 13% of all deaths in 2008) (Jemal et al. 2011). The estimated 5-year
survivalrateforallcancershasrisentoapproximately66%(AmericanCancerSociety
2012a,b).Cancersurvivorsexperienceawiderangeofsymptomsduringandfollow-
ingthecompletionoftreatment,andsomeofthesesymptomsmaypersistforyears
orevendecades.Whilepharmacologictreatmentsrelievemanysymptoms,theymay
havenegativesideeffects(Cassilethetal.2007;Wesaetal.2008).
M.S.Lee((cid:2))·T.-Y.Choi
MedicalResearchDivision,KoreaInstituteofOrientalMedicine,461-24,
Jeonmin-dong,Yuseong-gu,Daejeon305-811,SouthKorea
e-mail:[email protected]
E.Ernst
ComplementaryMedicine,PeninsulaMedicalSchool,UniversityofExeter,Exeter,UK
W.C.S.Cho(ed.),AcupunctureandMoxibustionasanEvidence-basedTherapy 1
forCancer,Evidence-basedAnticancerComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine3,
DOI10.1007/978-94-007-4833-0_1,©SpringerScience+BusinessMediaDordrecht2012
