Active Electrical Distribution Network: Issues, Solution Techniques, and Applications

417 Pages·2022·19.241 MB·English

by  Sanjeevikumar Padmanaban, Baseem Khan, Om Prakash Mahela, Hassan Haes Alhelou, S. Rajkumar

ACTIVE
ELECTRICAL
DISTRIBUTION
NETWORK

ACTIVE
ELECTRICAL
DISTRIBUTION
NETWORK
Issues, Solution
Techniques, and
Applications
Edited by
SANJEEVIKUMAR PADMANABAN
DepartmentofElectricalandElectronicsEngineering,KPR
InstituteofEngineeringandTechnology,Tamilnadu,India
BASEEM KHAN
Department of Electricaland ComputerEngineering,
Faculty of ElectricalEngineering,Institute of Technology,
HawassaUniversity, Ethiopia
OM PRAKASH MAHELA
Power System Planning Division,Rajasthan Rajya Vidyut
Prasaran Nigam Limited, Jaipur, India
HASSAN HAES ALHELOU
Tishreen University, Lattakia, Syria
S. RAJKUMAR
DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,Facultyof
Manufacturing,InstituteofTechnology,HawassaUniversity,
Ethiopia
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Contributors
DessalegnBitewAeggegn
SchoolofElectricalandComputerEngineering,DebreMarkosUniversity,DebreMarkos,
Ethiopia
TakeleFeredeAgajie
DepartmentofElectricalandElectronicsEngineering,UniversityofBuea,Buea,Cameroon;
DebreMarkosUniversity,DebreMarkos;HawassaUniversity,Hawassa,Ethiopia
ZiadM.Ali
CollegeofEngineeringatWadiAddawasir,PrinceSattamBinAbdulazizUniversity,
WadiAddawasir,SaudiArabia
YayehyiradAyalewAwoke
SchoolofElectricalandComputerEngineering,DebreMarkosUniversity,DebreMarkos,
Ethiopia;DepartmentofElectricalandElectronicsEngineering,UniversityofBuea,Buea,
Cameroon
MulusewAyalew
DepartmentofElectricalandComputerEngineering,HawassaUniversity,Hawassa,
Ethiopia
I.Baranilingesan
RenewableEnergyLab,DepartmentofElectricalandElectronicsEngineering,KPR
InstituteofEngineeringandTechnology,Coimbatore,TamilNadu,India
R.Bharathwaaj
DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,KPRInstituteofEngineeringandTechnology,
Coimbatore,TamilNadu,India
GajendraSinghChawda
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,IITJodhpur,Jodhpur,India
V.KumarChinnaiyan
RenewableEnergyLab,DepartmentofElectricalandElectronicsEngineering,KPR
InstituteofEngineeringandTechnology,Coimbatore,TamilNadu,India
EmenikeC.Ejiogu
LaboratoryofIndustrialElectronics,PowerDevicesandNewEnergySystems;AfricaCentre
ofExcellenceforSustainablePowerandEnergyDevelopment,UniversityofNigeria,
Nsukka,Nigeria
MkpamdiEke
DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,UniversityofNigeria,Nsukka,Nigeria
RagabA.El-Sehiemy
KafrelsheikhUniversity,Kafrelsheikh,Egypt
xiii
xiv Contributors
AhmadEsmaeili
PowerSystemsOperationandPlanningResearchDepartment,NirooResearchInstitute,
Tehran,Iran
MesfinFanuel
DebreMarkosUniversity,DebreMarkos;HawassaUniversity,Hawassa,Ethiopia
DamotGebregziabher
DepartmentofElectricalandComputerEngineering,HawassaUniversity,Hawassa,
Ethiopia
JosepM.Guerrero
TheVillumCenterforResearchonMicrogrids(AAUCROM),AalborgUniversity,
Aalborg,Denmark
IssaiasGideyHagos
DepartmentofElectricalandComputerEngineering;InstituteofTechnology,Hawassa
University,Hawassa,Ethiopia
AmoussouIsaac
DepartmentofElectricalandElectronicsEngineering,UniversityofBuea,Buea,Cameroon
SalahKamel
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,AswanUniversity,Aswan,Egypt
J.Karpagam
RenewableEnergyLab,DepartmentofElectricalandElectronicsEngineering,KPR
InstituteofEngineeringandTechnology,Coimbatore,TamilNadu,India
AlagarKarthick
RenewableEnergyLab,DepartmentofElectricalandElectronicsEngineering,KPR
InstituteofEngineeringandTechnology,Coimbatore,TamilNadu,India
OlaKhaddam
ElectricalPowerEngineering,TishreenUniversity,Latakia,Syria
BaseemKhan
DepartmentofElectricalandComputerEngineering;InstituteofTechnology,Hawassa
University,Hawassa,Ethiopia
AshishKumar
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,NITHamirpur,Hamirpur,India
PankajKumar
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,RTUKota,Kota,India
RavitaLamba
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,MalaviyaNationalInstituteofTechnologyJaipur,
Jaipur,India
ChikaMaduabuchi
DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,UniversityofNigeria,Nsukka,Nigeria
Contributors xv
OmPrakashMahela
PowerSystemPlanningDivision,RajasthanRajyaVidyutPrasaranNigamLtd.,Jaipur,
Rajasthan,India
RamNiwashMahia
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,NITHamirpur,Hamirpur,India
AbbasMarini
PowerSystemsOperationandPlanningResearchDepartment,NirooResearchInstitute,
Tehran,Iran
V.Mohanavel
CentreforMaterialsEngineeringandRegenerativeMedicine,BharathInstituteofHigher
EducationandResearch,Chennai,TamilNadu,India
HowardO.Njoku
AppliedRenewableandSustainableEnergyResearchGroup,Departmentof
MechanicalEngineering,UniversityofNigeria,Nsukka,Nigeria;Department
of Mechanical Engineering Science, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South
Africa
ChigboguOzoegwu
DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,UniversityofNigeria,Nsukka,Nigeria
S.Rajkumar
DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,FacultyofManufacturing,Instituteof
Technology,HawassaUniversity,Hawassa,Ethiopia
AbdelhadyRamadan
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,AswanUniversity,Aswan,Egypt
ManickamRavichandran
DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,K.RamakrishnanCollegeofEngineering,
Trichy,TamilNadu,India
T.Sakthi
DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,NationalEngineeringCollege,Kovilpatti,
TamilNadu,India
MortezaShabanzadeh
PowerSystemsOperationandPlanningResearchDepartment,NirooResearchInstitute,
Tehran,Iran
AvdheshSharma
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,FacultyofEngineeringandArchitecture,Jai
NarainVyasUniversity,Jodhpur,Rajasthan,India
SurendraSingh
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,FacultyofEngineeringandArchitecture,Jai
NarainVyasUniversity,Jodhpur,Rajasthan,India
VishwajeetKumarSinha
DepartmentofElectricalEngineering,NITHamirpur,Hamirpur,India
xvi Contributors
EndeshawSolomon
DepartmentofElectricalandComputerEngineering;InstituteofTechnology,Hawassa
University,Hawassa,Ethiopia
S.Vasanthaseelan
DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering,KPRInstituteofEngineeringandTechnology,
Coimbatore,TamilNadu,India
CHAPTER 1
Electrical distribution network:
An introduction
Baseem Khan
DepartmentofElectricalandComputerEngineering,HawassaUniversity,Hawassa,Ethiopia
Contents
1. Introduction 3
2. History 4
3. Structureofpowerdistributionnetwork 5
3.1 Distributionsystemcomponents 5
4. Classificationofdistributionnetwork 7
4.1 Typeofnatureofcurrent 7
4.2 Basedonthetypesofconnection 9
5. Featuresofidealdistributionsystem 11
5.1 Propervoltage 12
5.2 Energyavailabilityondemand 12
5.3 Reliablesupply 12
6. Designrequirements 12
6.1 Feeders 12
6.2 Distributors 13
6.3 Earthing 13
7. Conclusion 13
References 14
1 Introduction
Distribution carries energy from the transmission point and supplies it to
users. It is the last step in the supply of electricity. Low-voltage substations
(distributionsubstations)linktothetransmissionlinesthroughtransformers
and lower the voltage of the transmission to a medium level, which ranges
from2to35kV.Fig.1showsacircuitdiagramoftheelectricalpowersystem
[1,2].
The primary goal of distribution is to supply energy to customers after
obtaining large amounts of power through a transmission substation. Pri-
mary and secondary (customer) substations are the two main types of
ActiveElectricalDistributionNetwork Copyright©2022ElsevierInc.
https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-85169-5.00016-2 Allrightsreserved. 3