Table Of ContentLudman fpref.tex V3-August23,2012 12:30A.M. P.x
Ludman ffirs.tex V3-August23,2012 3:55P.M. P.1
Ear, Nose
and Throat
SixthEdition
Ludman ffirs.tex V3-August23,2012 3:55P.M. P.2
Ludman ffirs.tex V3-August23,2012 3:55P.M. P.3
Ear, Nose
and Throat
Sixth Edition
EDITEDBY
Harold Ludman
EmeritusConsultantSurgeoninOtolaryngology
King’sCollegeHospital
and
EmeritusConsultantSurgeoninNeuro-otology
NationalHospitalforNeurologyandNeurosurgery
London,UK
Patrick J. Bradley
HonoraryProfessor
TheUniversityofNottingham
and
EmeritusConsultantHeadandNeckOncologicSurgeon
DepartmentOtorhinolaryngology–HeadandNeckSurgery
NottinghamUniversityHospitals
QueensMedicalCentreCampus
Nottingham,UK
A John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Publication
Ludman ffirs.tex V3-August23,2012 3:55P.M. P.4
Thiseditionfirstpublished2013,©2013byBlackwellPublishingLtd
BMJBooksisanimprintofBMJPublishingGroupLimited,usedunderlicencebyBlackwellPublishingwhichwasacquiredbyJohnWiley
&SonsinFebruary2007.Blackwell’spublishingprogrammehasbeenmergedwithWiley’sglobalScientific,TechnicalandMedical
businesstoformWiley-Blackwell.
Registeredoffice:JohnWiley&SonsLtd,TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UK
Editorialoffices: 9600GarsingtonRoad,Oxford,OX42DQ,UK
TheAtrium,SouthernGate,Chichester,WestSussex,PO198SQ,UK
111RiverStreet,Hoboken,NJ07030-5774,USA
Fordetailsofourglobaleditorialoffices,forcustomerservicesandforinformationabouthowtoapplyforpermissiontoreusethe
copyrightmaterialinthisbookpleaseseeourwebsiteatwww.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell.
TherightoftheauthortobeidentifiedastheauthorofthisworkhasbeenassertedinaccordancewiththeCopyright,DesignsandPatents
Act1988.
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyany
means,electronic,mechanical,photocopying,recordingorotherwise,exceptaspermittedbytheUKCopyright,DesignsandPatentsAct
1988,withoutthepriorpermissionofthepublisher.
Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.Somecontentthatappearsinprintmaynotbeavailableinelectronicbooks.
Designationsusedbycompaniestodistinguishtheirproductsareoftenclaimedastrademarks.Allbrandnamesandproductnamesused
inthisbookaretradenames,servicemarks,trademarksorregisteredtrademarksoftheirrespectiveowners.Thepublisherisnotassociated
withanyproductorvendormentionedinthisbook.Thispublicationisdesignedtoprovideaccurateandauthoritativeinformationin
regardtothesubjectmattercovered.Itissoldontheunderstandingthatthepublisherisnotengagedinrenderingprofessionalservices.If
professionaladviceorotherexpertassistanceisrequired,theservicesofacompetentprofessionalshouldbesought.
Thecontentsofthisworkareintendedtofurthergeneralscientificresearch,understanding,anddiscussiononlyandarenotintendedand
shouldnotberelieduponasrecommendingorpromotingaspecificmethod,diagnosis,ortreatmentbyphysiciansforanyparticular
patient.Thepublisherandtheauthormakenorepresentationsorwarrantieswithrespecttotheaccuracyorcompletenessofthecontents
ofthisworkandspecificallydisclaimallwarranties,includingwithoutlimitationanyimpliedwarrantiesoffitnessforaparticularpurpose.
Inviewofongoingresearch,equipmentmodifications,changesingovernmentalregulations,andtheconstantflowofinformationrelating
totheuseofmedicines,equipment,anddevices,thereaderisurgedtoreviewandevaluatetheinformationprovidedinthepackageinsert
orinstructionsforeachmedicine,equipment,ordevicefor,amongotherthings,anychangesintheinstructionsorindicationofusageand
foraddedwarningsandprecautions.Readersshouldconsultwithaspecialistwhereappropriate.ThefactthatanorganizationorWebsite
isreferredtointhisworkasacitationand/orapotentialsourceoffurtherinformationdoesnotmeanthattheauthororthepublisher
endorsestheinformationtheorganizationorWebsitemayprovideorrecommendationsitmaymake.Further,readersshouldbeaware
thatInternetWebsiteslistedinthisworkmayhavechangedordisappearedbetweenwhenthisworkwaswrittenandwhenitisread.No
warrantymaybecreatedorextendedbyanypromotionalstatementsforthiswork.Neitherthepublishernortheauthorshallbeliablefor
anydamagesarisingherefrom.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
ABCofear,nose,andthroat/editedbyHaroldLudman,PatrickJ.Bradley. – 6thed.
p.;cm. – (ABCseries)
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-0-470-67135-1(pbk.:alk.paper)
I. Ludman,Harold. II. Bradley,PatrickJ.,1949- III. Series:ABCseries(Malden,Mass.)
[DNLM:1.OtorhinolaryngologicDiseases.WV140]
617.5(cid:2)1–dc23
2012021107
ISBN:9780470671351
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.Somecontentthatappearsinprintmaynotbeavailableinelectronicbooks.
Coverimage:PHILJUDE/SCIENCEPHOTOLIBRARY
CoverdesignbyAndyMeaden
Setin9.25/12MinionbyLaserwordsPrivateLimited,Chennai,India
1 2011
Ludman ftoc.tex V3-August1,2012 5:30P.M. P.v
Contents
Contributors,vii
Preface,ix
1 ExaminationoftheEar,NoseandThroat,1
HaroldLudmanandPatrickJ.Bradley
2 PainintheEar,8
HaroldLudman
3 DischargefromtheEar,15
RobinYoungs
4 HearingImpairmentinAdults,21
GavinA.J.Morrison
5 HearingImpairmentinChildren,27
StephenJ.BroomfieldandAndrewH.Marshall
6 AcousticNeuromasandOtherCerebellopontineAngleTumours,33
TonyWright
7 Tinnitus,39
ThomasinaMeehanandClaudiaNogueira
8 VertigoandImbalance,44
HaroldLudman
9 FacialPalsy,49
IainSwan
10 FacialPain,53
LishaMcLellandandNickS.Jones
11 ParanasalSinusDisease,58
DerekSkinner
12 NasalDischarge,65
AndrewC.Swift
13 Epistaxis,71
GeraldW.McGarry
14 NasalObstructionandSmellDisorders,76
DesmondA.Nunez
15 FacialPlastics,81
PatrickWalsh,JulianRowe-JonesandSimonWatts
v
Ludman ftoc.tex V3-August1,2012 5:30P.M. P.vi
vi Contents
16 ThroatPain,89
WilliamMcKerrowandPatrickJ.Bradley
17 HoarsenessandVoiceDisorders,94
MeredHarries
18 AirwayObstructionandStridor,100
VinidhPaleriandPatrickJ.Bradley
19 SnoringandObstructiveSleepApnoea,108
TawakirKamaniandAnshulSama
20 SwallowingProblems,113
VinidhPaleriandPatrickJ.Bradley
21 HeadandNeckTrauma,120
PaulTierney
22 ForeignBodies,125
RicardoPersaud,AntonyNarulaandPatrickJ.Bradley
23 NeckSwellings,131
NickRolandandPatrickJ.Bradley
24 HeadandNeckCancer,139
PatrickJ.Bradley
Index,147
Ludman fbetw.tex V3-August23,2012 12:28A.M. P.vii
Contributors
Stephen J. Broomfield Gavin A. J. Morrison
OtologyFellow,DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology–HeadandNeck ConsultantOtolaryngologist,DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology–Head
Surgery,NottinghamUniversityHospitals,Queen’sMedicalCentreCampus, andNeckSurgery,Guy’sandStThomas’NHSFoundationTrust,
Nottingham,UK London,UK
Mered Harries Antony Narula
ConsultantOtolaryngologist,BrightonandSussexUniversityHospitals, ProfessorintheDepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology–HeadandNeck
Brighton,UK Surgery,StMary’sHospital,London,UK
Nick S. Jones Claudia Nogueira
ProfessorofRhinology,DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology–Headand DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology–HeadandNeckSurgery,Nottingham
NeckSurgery,NottinghamUniversityHospitals,Queen’sMedicalCentre UniversityHospitals,Queen’sMedicalCentreCampus,Nottingham,UK
Campus,Nottingham,UK
Desmond A. Nunez
Tawakir Kamani HeadDivisionofOtolaryngology,UniversityofBritishColumbia,
SpecialtyRegistrar,DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology–HeadandNeck VancouverGeneralHospital,Vancouver,BC,Canada
Surgery,NottinghamUniversityHospitals,Queen’sMedicalCentreCampus,
Nottingham,UK
Vinidh Paleri
ConsultantHeadandNeckSurgeon,DepartmentofOtolaryngology–Head
Andrew H. Marshall andNeckSurgery,NewcastleuponTyneHospitals,Newcastle,UK
ConsultantENTSurgeon,DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology–Headand
NeckSurgery,NottinghamUniversityHospitals,Queen’sMedicalCentre
Ricardo Persaud
Campus,Nottingham,UK
RhinologyFellow,DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology–HeadandNeck
Surgery,StMary’sHospital,London,UK
Gerald W. McGarry
ConsultantENTSurgeon,DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology–Headand
Nick Roland
NeckSurgery,GlasgowRoyalInfirmary,Glasgow,UK
ConsultantHeadandNeckSurgeon,UniversityHospitalAintree,
Liverpool,UK
William McKerrow
ConsultantOtolaryngologist,AssociatePostgraduateDean,Northern
Julian Rowe-Jones
Deanery,NHSEducationforScotland,CentreforHealthScience,
Inverness,UK ConsultantOtolaryngologist&FacialPlasticSurgeon,TheNoseClinic,
TheGuildfordClinic,Guildford,UK
Lisha McLelland
Anshul Sama
SpecialistRegistrarOtorhinolaryngology,Departmentof
Otorhinolaryngology–HeadandNeckSurgery,NottinghamUniversity ConsultantRhinologist,DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology–Headand
Hospitals,Queen’sMedicalCentreCampus,Nottingham,UK NeckSurgery,NottinghamUniversityHospitals,Queen’sMedicalCentre
Campus,Nottingham,UK
Thomasina Meehan
ConsultantAudiovestibularPhysician,DepartmentofAudiovestibular Derek Skinner
Medicine,NottinghamUniversityHospitals,Queen’sMedicalCentre ConsultantENTSurgeon/Rhinologist,RoyalShrewsburyHospital,
Campus,Nottingham,UK Shrewsbury,UK
vii
Ludman fbetw.tex V3-August23,2012 12:28A.M. P.viii
viii Contributors
Iain Swan Simon Watts
DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology–HeadandNeckSurgery,Glasgow ConsultantENTandFacialPlasticSurgeon,BrightonandSussexUniversity
RoyalInfirmary,Glasgow,UK Hospital,Brighton,UK
Andrew C. Swift Tony Wright
ConsultantRhinologist,UniversityHospitalAintree,Liverpool,UK EmeritusProfessorofOtolaryngology,TheEarInstitute,UniversityCollege
London,London,UK
Paul Tierney
ConsultantOtorhinolaryngologist,HeadandNeckSurgeon, Robin Youngs
DepartmentofOtorhinolaryngology-HeadandNeckSurgery,Southmeade ConsultantOtolaryngologist,GloucestershireHospitalsNHSFoundation
Hospital,Westbury-on-Trym,Bristol,UK Trust,GloucestershireRoyalHospital,Gloucester,UK
Patrick Walsh
RhinologyFellow,LinacrePrivateHospital,Hampton,VIC,Australia