A-Z of Musculoskeletal and Trauma Radiology

362 Pages·2008·8.112 MB·English

by  James R D Murray, Erskine J Holmes, Rakesh R Misra

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A–Z of Musculoskeletal
and Trauma Radiology

A–Z of Musculoskeletal
and Trauma Radiology
James R.D. Murray, MA,FRCS(Orth&Tr)
ConsultantOrthopaedicSurgeon,AvonOrthopaedicCentre
NorthBristolNHSTrust,BristolandSeniorClinicalLecturer
UniversityofBristol
Erskine J. Holmes, MRCS,FCEM
ConsultantinEmergencyMedicine,HeatherwoodandWexham
ParkHospitalsNHSFoundationTrust
Rakesh R. Misra, BSc(Hons),FRCS(Eng.),FRCR
ConsultantRadiologist,WycombeHospital
BuckinghamshireHospitalsNHSTrust
Editor
R.R.Misra
CAMBRIDGEUNIVERSITYPRESS
Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo
Cambridge University Press
The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB28RU, UK
Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York
www.cambridge.org
Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521700139
© J. Murray, E. J. Holmes and R. R. Misra 2008
This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of
relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place
without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.
First published in print format 2008
ISBN-13 978-0-511-40886-1 eBook (EBL)
ISBN-13 978-0-521-70013-9 paperback
Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls
for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not
guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate.
Every effort has been made in preparing this publication to provide accurate and up-todate
information which is in accord with accepted standards and practice at the time of
publication. Although case histories are drawn from actual cases, every effort has been
made to disguise the identities of the individuals involved. Nevertheless, the authors,
editors and publishers can make no warranties that the information contained herein is
totally free from error, not least because clinical standards are constantly changing through
research and regulation. The authors, editors and publishers therefore disclaim all liability
for direct or consequential damages resulting from the use of material contained in this
publication. Readers are strongly advised to pay careful attention to information provided
by the manufacturer of any drugs or equipment that they plan to use.
With all my love to my wife, Gemma, and my children,
Tom and Emily, for allowing me the time to write this
book. J.R.D.M
Dedicated to my wonderful son Alex. E.J.H
Dedicated to my four inspirational children, Rohan,
Ela, Krishan and Maya. R.R.M

CONTENTS
Acknowledgements pagexi
Preface xiii
Listofabbreviations xiv
SectionI Musculoskeletalradiology 1
Achillestendonopathy/rupture 3
Aneurysmalbonecysts 7
Ankylosingspondylitis 10
Avascularnecrosis–osteonecrosis 13
Femoral-headosteonecrosis 17
Kienbo¨ck’sdisease 19
Backpain–includingspondylolisthesis/spondylolysis 21
Bonecysts 27
Bone infarcts (medullary) 29
Boneislands 29
Charcotjoint(neuropathicjoint) 34
Complex regional-pain syndrome 36
Crystal deposition disorders 38
Developmentaldysplasiaofthehip(DDH) 41
Discitisandvertebralosteomyelitis 45
Discprolapse–PID–‘slippeddiscs’andsciatica 49
Diffuseidiopathicskeletalhyperostosis(DISH) 53
Dysplasia–developmentaldisorders 55
Enthesopathy 60
Gout 62
Haemophilia 65
Hyperparathyroidism 68
Hypertrophicpulmonaryosteoarthropathy 71
Irritablehip/transientsynovitis 74
Juvenileidiopathicarthritis 76
vii
C Langerhans-cellhistiocytosis 78
o
n Lymphomaofbone 81
t
e
nt Metastasestobone 83
s
Multiplemyeloma 87
Myositisossificans 89
Non-accidentalinjury 92
Osteoarthrosis–osteoarthritis 96
Osteochondroses 99
Osteomyelitis(acute) 102
Osteoporosis 105
Paget’sdisease 108
Perthesdisease 113
Pigmentedvillonodularsynovitis(PVNS) 115
Psoriaticarthropathy 119
Renalosteodystrophy(includingosteomalacia) 122
Rheumatoidarthritis 124
Rickets 127
Rotator-cuffdisease 129
Scoliosis 133
Scheuermann’sdisease 137
Septicarthritis–nativeandprostheticjoints 139
Sickle-cellanaemia 143
Slippedupperfemoralepiphysis(SUFE) 149
Tendinopathy–tendonitis 151
Tuberculosis 154
Tumoursofbone(benignandmalignant) 159
SectionII Traumaradiology 177
Generaltrauma/spine 179
ATLS–AdvancedTraumaLifeSupport 179
Acetabularfractures 181
Aorticrupture 184
Cervicalspineinjury 186
Flailchest 195
Haemothorax 197
viii