Table Of ContentA AND NOMENCLATOR OF THE
SYNOPSIS
GENUS YRSINACEAE)
PARATHESIS (M
John
Jon M. Ricketson Pipoly
J.
III
Road
Box 299 935 Old Cutler
P.O.
1 1
MO
63166-0299, Coral Gables FL 33 156-4299, U.S.A
Louis U.S.A. (Miarrii)
St.
[email protected] [email protected]: clusia@latinmail.
ABSTRACT
A new infrageneric classification for the genus Parathesis is proposed. The genus is divided int.
&
and Lateraks
Laterales further divided into sections Calophyllae Ricketson Pipoly, Rick.
is
&
&r Pipoly. Para subg. Parathesis also further divided into sections Cuhanae Ricketson P
esi is
s
t li
&
Parathesis, and Versailles Ricketson Pipoly. All 95 species are listed in their respective sectic
RESUMEN
Se propone una nueva clasificacion infragenerica para el genero Parathesis. Se divide el genero e
subgeneros, Parathesis subg. Laterales
INTRODUCTION
was
The genus Parathesis (A.DC.) Hook, described as a section of Ardisia
f first
.
Sw. by Alphonse de Candolle (1844) and included five species: Ardisia cubana
&
DC)
A. DC. (P cuhana (A. Molinet M. Gomez), A. crenulata Vent. (P crenulata
Hook, ex Hemsl.), A. serrulata Sw. (P serrulata (Sw.) Mez), A. lateriflora
(Vent.)
f
.
Mez) and Kunth. Geissanthus
Sw. (= Stylogyne lateriflora (Sw.) A. lepidota (=
was by
lepidotus (Kunth) Mez). Parathesis elevated to the generic level J.D.
Hooker
(1876).
Mez
20
In the in-depth study of the genus, Carl (1902) listed species of
first
new
including seven However, wasn't until C.L. Lundell
Parathesis, species.
it
monograph
published his on the genus Parathesis that a usable classi-
(1966)
and
fication was developed. Lundell listed 71 species divided into two "Sections"
23 Admittedly Lundell stated (1966: 8) that his infrageneric classifi-
"Series". p.
and com-
cation was "designed to expedite the use of the general key," therefore
prises a numerical hsting rather than a formal classification.
monograph was numerous have been
Since Lundell's published, species
Cur-
described, usually with no refernece to Lundell's classification system.
we rank
recognize approximately 150 taxa of Parathesis, 95 at the of spe-
rently,
cumbersome
and
Although Lundell's system helpful, far too large to
cies. is it is
be useful. In preparation for our treatment of the genus Parathesis for Flora
new was which
Mesoamericana, a infrageneric classification system needed,
is
The
formalized herewith. species listed reflect our current understanding of
the genus. Complete synonymies will appear in the Flora Mesoamericana and
Flora Neotropica.
TAXONOMIC TREATMENT
&
Parathesis (A. DC.) Hook. in Benth. Hook, Gen. 2:645. f876. Ardma
pi. sect.
f. f.,
DC,
Paralhcsis A. Prodr. 8:120. 1844. TYPE: Parathesis serrulata (Sw.) Mez.
Terrestrial polyaxial shrubs and Young branchlets frequently ferrugine-
trees.
ous-tomentose with stellate or dendroid trichomes, often glabrescent. Leaves
monomorphic, alternate, the blades usually pubescent on the lower surface, the
and
trichomes stellate or dendroid, often appressed bizonal, often early gla-
and primary
brescent, or glabrous, usually paler beneath; costa lateral veins
usually elevated beneath, smooth or impressed above; margins crenu-
entire,
late, dentate or serrate; petioles marginate or canaliculate. Inflorescences ter-
minal or paniculate and pyramidal, the branches umbellate, corym-
lateral,
bose or subcorymbose-racemose; pedicels accrescent. Flowers bisexual, (4-or)
-5 (or-6)-merous; calyx connate at the base, open in bud, usually glandular
tomentulose and papillose; corolla rotate, valvate, usually narrowly lanceolate,
white to pink, usually tomentulose outside, glandular papillose-tomentose in-
side at least along margins and apically connate basally to form a tube; sta-
mens
included, inserted near the base of corolla tube, the filaments well devel-
oped, slender to stout, usually connate basally to form a tube, the bright yellow
anthers erect or versatile, usually dorsifixed above base, dehiscent by introrse
mucronate,
slits or apical pores, sagittate, lanceolate to ovate, acute, apiculate
or obtuse the apex, dorsally punctate or epunctate; obturbinate, the
at pistil
and
ovary ovoid or subglobose, the style long slender, the stigma punctiform,
ovules few numerous, usually sometimes
to uniseriate, biseriate or rarely
pluriseriate on the placenta. Fruits drupaceous, 1-seeded, usually depressed-glo-
endocarp embryo
bose, the crustaceous, the cylindric, transverse.
A
genus of ca. 95 species ranging from northern Mexico to Panama, the
Carribean and throughout the Andes from Venezuela Members
to Bolivia. of
the genus occur from coastal mangroves formations high
to elfin forest at el-
evations. The genus diagnosed by the unique glandular papillae of the calyx
is
and and
corolla lobes, the bright yellow anthers.
AND
KEY TO THE SUBGENERA SECTIONS OF PARATHESIS
Tomentum
2. of branchlets and the undersurface of the leaves fine, mostly stellate
: :
Tomentum
of branchlets and undersur
2.
spicuous and of distinct reddish trichc
or stipitate, or tlie triciiomes stellate v
trichonnes either sessile, subsessile, or
Inflorescences terminal, pyramidal-panici
and
lorescences lateral (axillary), or terminal lateral (axillai
Parathesis subg. Later ales as circumscribed here consists
i
and and 42
Calophyllae sect. Laterales) includes species.
;t.
and tomentum and
Inflorescences axillary, or terminal axillary; of branchlets
undersurface of the leaves usually coarse and conspicuous and of distinct red-
dish trichomes, the trichomes dendroid and sessile or stipitate, or the trichomes
stellate with erect and spreading rays, the stellate trichomes either sessile,
subsessile, or stipitate.
Parathesis subg. Lateralis Calophyllae contains 9 species:
sect.
Donn. Sm. P Brandegee
Parathesis calophylla reflexa
P Mez P
oerstediana Lundell
schultesii
P
pipolyana Ricketson travisae Lundell
P.
P pleurohotryosa Donn. Sm. P Lundell
vestita
&
Ppseudocalophylla Ricketson Pipoly
& &
Parathesis subg. Laterales Ricketson Pipoly Laterales Ricketson Pipoly
sect.
ubadpresso atque plerumque glabrescentes
and
ub-appressed rather often glabrescen
loose,
Parathesi
Parathesis adenanthera He P montana Lundell
iUiq.)
P Mez
moritziana
Lunddl P LundeW
Pangustijolia multiflora
Lunddl
Paurantiaca psychotrioides Lundell
P.
P LundeW P
calzadae
rekoi Standi.
Mez
P candolleana P Lundell
seibertii
P LundeW P
cintalapana Lundell
sfeutchii
P con^attii Blake) Lundell Psubulata Lundell
(S.F.
P
Pcuspidata Lundell Lundell
tartarea
P glaherrima LundeW P
tenuis Standi.
P Donn.Sm. P
glabra tomentosa Lundell
P LundeW
gracilis
P P
Lundell Lundell
leptopa
vi Host?
P macrantha P
Lundell vulgata Lundell
Pmacronema
Bullock P wendtii Lundell
P melanosticta (Schltdl.) Hemsl. P rekoi Standi.
P minuM/iora Lundell
Parathesis (A. DC.) Hook, subg. Parathesis.
f
.
Inflorescences terminal, pyramidal-paniculate
Parathesis subg. Parathesis as circumscribed here consists of three sec
Cuhanae, and and
(sect. sect. Parathesis sect. Versatiles) includes 53 specie
&
Cubanae
Parathesis subg. Parathe; Ricketson Pipoly,
5
.
adpresse- (nee grosse ereeic) lomentosis pcrelare distinguitur.
et
Inflorescence terminal, pyramidal-paniculate; anthers with longitudinal
erect,
slits and/or subterminal pores, usually dorsifixed near base, never versatile; fila-
ments shorter than the anthers, usually one-half as long; tomentum of
branchlets and undersurface of leaves fine, mostly stellate and usually closely
appressed, sometimes subappressed and rather loose, often glabrescent.
Parathesis subg. Parathesis Cubanae contains 26
sect. species:
P
Parathesis agostiniana Lundell crenulata Hook. ex Hemsl.
(Vent.)
f.
&
Gomez
P hracteolata Lundell P cubana DC.) Molinet M.
(A.
P Lundell P Mez
hreedlovei donnellsmithii
P crassiramea Lundell P emarginata Mez
P/erruginea Lundell
P Brandegee
lanceolata
P laxa Lundell P rosea Lundell
Mez
P Lundell P rothschuhiana
lenticellata
&
P mexicana Lundell Rsinuata (Lundell) Ricketson Pipoly
P microcalyx Donn. Sm. P suhcoriacea Lundell
P Lundell P tetramera Bullock
ohtusa
P parvissima Lundell P williamsii Lundell
P perpunctata Lundell P zuliana Lundell
Parathesis subg. Parathesis sect Parathesis
with
Inflorescences terminal, pyramidal-paniculate; anthers erect, longitudi-
nal and/or subterminal pores, usually dorsifixed near base, never versa-
slits
tomentum
filaments shorter than anthers, usually one-half as long; of
tile;
and and conspicuous and
branchlets undersurface of leaves usually coarse of
distinct reddish trichomes, the trichomes dendroid and sessile or stipitate, or
the trichomes stellate with erect and spreading rays, the stellate trichomes ei-
ther sessile, subsessile, or stipitate.
Parathesis subg. Parathesis Parathesis contains 15 species;
sect.
P
Morales Lundell
Parathesis neei
acostensisJ.Y.
P P
aeruginosa Standi. prionophylla Standi.
P amazonica Mez P Lundell
rufa
Mez
P P
chiapensis Fernald serrulata (Sw.)
P P Donn. Sm.
columnaris Lundell
sessilifolia
P Mez P Lundell
eggersiana tenorioi
Mez P
Lundell
Pfusca (Oerst.) villalohosii
P
Lundell
kochii
&
nov
Ricketson
Parathesis subg. Parathesis sect. Versatiles Pipoly, sect, Type:
pyramidal-panic
Inflorescences terminal,
with
longitudinal dorsifixed
a
satile, slits,
ally longer than the anther.
Parathesis subg. Parathesis VersatiZes contains 12 species:
sect.
Parathesis acuminata Lundell P longipedicellata Ricketson
P P
Lundell Pipoly
amplifolia palaciosii
P cartagoana Lundell P panamensis Lundell
P Ricketson P papulosa Lundell
costaricensis
P
P Lundell pyramidalis Lundell
croatii
P P Hemsl.
glendae Ricketson trichogyne
&
Hymenandra
Parathesis acutissima Cuatrec. = acutissima (Cuatrec.) Pipoly
Ricketson
Parathesis micranthera Donn. Sm. = Gentlea micranthera (Donn. Sm.) Lundell
&
Parathesis viridis Lundell = Stylogyne viridis (Lundell) Ricketson Pipoly
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
We
thank the Missouri Botanical Garden and the Flora Mesoamericana Project
lor its support to bring Ricketson and Pipoly together to work on the project.
We
many made
acknowledge from
grateful ly the loans herbaria that the study
who much
possible, along with our collaborators supplied us with ma-
critical
terial. Gerrit Davidse and Roy Gereau generously gave of their time to provide
thorough reviews of the manuscript.
REEERENCES
Candolle, A.L.R de. 844. Myrsinaceae. A.P. de Candolle, Prodr. 8:76-1 43,
In:
1
Bentham and
Hooker, J. D. 876. Myrsineae. In: G. J.D. Hooker, Gen, pi. 2:639-648.
1
Lundell, C.L 1966.The genus Parathesis of the Myrsinaceae, Contr, Texas. Res. Found., Bot,
1-206.
Stud.
5:
Mez, C. 902. Myrsinaceae. A. Engler, ed. Das Pflanzenreich 236(Heft -437.
In: 9):1
1 IV,
