Table Of ContentSOOJIOrH^ECKHK >KyPHAJI
1994, TOM 73, Bbin. 11
y^K
595.796
© 1994 r. A. r. PA^HEHKO
0B30P BHAOB rpyiin rubra, rugosa, arnoldii, luteola
H SCHENCKI PO/IA MYRMICA (HYMENOPTERA, FORMICIDAE)
UEHTPAJIbHOH H BOCTOHHOH nAJIEAPKTHKH
B CTatbe npHDeaeii o63op bhuob Myrmica n3 rpynn rubra, rugosa, arnodii, luteola,
schcncki c 3aMeHannHMn no chiiohhmhh. Bncpsbie onHcauM ca.MUM M. luteola; y M. lacustris
o6o3iia'ieH HeoTnn; M. caucasicola Am. h M. lacustris Ruzs. BosDeaeHbi b paiir BwaoB.
B npezibiayinHx pa6oTax (Radchenko, 1993, 1994, 1994a) naMH onncaHU Hosbie
BHabi, BbiflejiCHbi rpynnbi najieapKTHnecKHx BiiaoB h aana onpeaejiHTeabHafl raciima
Myrmica UeHxpajibHOii u Boctomhoh EajieapKTHKH. Haxe mh npHBoaiiM ooaop
BnaoB, HaHaeHHbix Ha TeppiiTopiiH 6biBmero CCCP, ii aaMe^aHHa no chhohibuikc.
npH pa36ope CHHOHHMHH BK^iioMeHbi Bcc pa6oTbi, coflepjKainne nepBooniicaHHH
BHaoB H HHcl^paBHaoBbix cJjopM; KpoMc HHx vKasaHbi rjiaBHeiimHC pa6oTbi, coaepacaniHe
aaHHbie no xaKcoHOMnn ii, MacTHMHO, no reorpacJjimecKOMy pacnpocTpaHemiio a
3KOJiorHH paccMaTpHBaeMbix BnaoB.
—
CoKpameHwe H—asBaHirir yHpe^iaieHnii, rae xpanjiTCH xMnbi: 3M SooaoriiMecKiiii
Myaeii MFY; H3 PlHCTi—iTyr aooaorHH AH YKpanHH, Khcb (BKaioHaji KOJLieKiiH—io
BB.HoAa.orKoa-pnacaiaBceBHaH)b;iH3PiIiHHCTHx3yoToaJoIrBHOMecPKAiHi,iiBnaHaCaTHHBTOyCrTOPx;AHH.3CH.-AneHTe—p6Myypsre;iiBIiiIHHh-
CTHxyT 30oaorHH riAH, BapmaBa.
rpynnA rubra
Myrmica rubra (Linnaeus, 1758)
Chhohhmhio no 1893 r. cm. Dalla Torre. 1893:110.
Linnaeus, 17.58:580. c (Formica) Enpona; Emery, 1908:169, cod" (Murmica); Yarrow, 1955:144;
ApH0.nbaH, 1970:1839; 1976:554; Hmhtphbuko. IlerpenKO, 1976:13 (3KO.ior>ia); TapOHHCKHM, 1976:40;
Collingwood, 1979:52; Agosti. CoUingwood, 1987:267; Seifert, 1988:5.
=laevinodis Nylander. 1846:927, cccf (Myrmica): Pvsckmm, 1905:662; Donistoroe, 1915:110; Finzi,
1926:78; Santschi, 1931:336; KapaBaen."1934:68: Weber, 1947:452; Sadil. 1951:239;'Bernard, 1968:119;
Baroni Urbani, 1971:2; Pisarski, 1975:9; Kutter, 1977:43; Forel, 1874:76 (rubra r.); 1915:28; Emerv,
1916:119; Emery, 1908:170 (rubra subsp.); 1921:39; Soudeck. 1922:41: KapaBaen, 1926:259.
=ruginodis: Karawajew. 1926:333 (nee. Nylander, 1846 et auct.).
reorpa4)HMecKoe pacnpocTpaneHne. TpaHcnaaeapKx, acTpeMaexcH
xaKJKC B ropax CpeaHCii Asmi, Ha KaBxase peaox; a HpHMopbe oMenb peaoK. ecxb
coo6meHHe o naxoaxe b HnoHini (Onoyama, 1989); HaiiaeH b CeBepHoii Amcphkc.
SKoaorna. ripiiypoiieH kaecaM, ocoochho mnpOKoaiiCTBeHHbiM h CMemaHHbiM;
o6biMeH na ayrax, b tom nnaie ropHbix. Haii6oaee rarpoc|)HabHbni npeacxasuxeab
poaa, oaHH H3 caMHX o6bmHbix MypaBbCB b aecHoii sone liaaeapKxnKH.
72
H
Myrmica ruginodis Nylandcr, 1846
Nylanclcr, 1846:928, wd' (.Myrmica); 1856:79; Mayr, 1855:407; 1861:63; Mcinort, 1860:53; E. Andre,
1882:317; Ilacoiion, 1889:72; Donistorpe, 1915:115; Fiiui, 1926:85; Yarrow, 1955:114; Bcrdard, 1968:120;
Apiio;ii.an, 1970:1839; Baroni Urbani, 1971:27; /l,MiiTpnciiKO, ncrpciiKO, 1976:13 (OKononia); Kullcr,
1977:43; Collingwood, 1979:53; Agosli, Collingwood, 1987:267; Scifcrl, 1988:6; Ford, 1874:76 (rubra r.);
KapanacB, 1908:270; 1926:258; Soudcck, 1922:441; Mayr, 1866:450 (lacviiiodis var.); PyacKHfi, 1905:671
(lacvinodis subsp.); Emery, 1921:39.
-ruginodo-laevinodis Forel, 1874:77, 9 (rubra var.); 1915:28; Donislorpc, 1915:115; Finzi, 1926:86;
Baroni Urbani, 1971:28.
-orienlalis Karawajew, 1926:47; 9 (ruginodissubsp.) (30 k.m cencpo-aanaaiicc BjiaaimocTOKa, chiithih.i
B 113, Haywciibi); KynsniCKaa, 1979:128; 1990:101,
-rubra: Santschi, 1931:335; KapaoacB, 1934:65; Weber, 1947:448; Sadil, 1951:240; Pisarski, 1975:10
(nee. Linnaeus, 1758 ct auct.).
Chhohhmhh. H3y>iCHnc TiinoB subsp. orientalis Karaw. noKaaajio, mto ohh
HC BWXOflHT 3a npCflCJlbl H3MCHUHB0CTH 3T0r0 BHfla.
rcorpacJjHMCCKOe pa cnpocrpaHCHHC. TpaiicnajicapKT, b ropax
CpcflHCH A31111 OTcyTCTBycT, Ha KaBKase o6bwcH.
3 K oji o rH H. CsjisaH npciiMymccxBCHHO cxbomhwmh.nccaMH H ropHbiMiijiyraMJi;
6o.;icc xo.;iOAoycToiii»iBUH, mcm npcflbiaymnH bha; b uiHpoKOJiHCXBCHUbix ;iccax,
oco6cnHO Ha lore apeajia, yacxo saMcmaexca M. rubra.
Myrmica dshungarica Ruzsky, 1905
PyacKHii, 1905:651, (rugosa subsp.) [CcMupcieiiCKaa o6;i., ao/nnia p. lOfi-Tac, lOJKiibiH ck.hoii fl>Kyn-
rapcKoro Ajiaray, 2000 m (iibinc KasaxcTaii), chiithh b 3M, Hayicn]; KysiieiiOB-yraMCKnH, 1927:191.
9$cr; Emery, 1908:169 (smyihiesi subsp.); 1921:42; Weber, 1947:458; Apiio.iibaii, 1976:551 (Myrmica);
TapCuiiCKHii, 1976:29; MapHKOBCKHti, 1979:165 (aKcnorna).
-ininutaRuzsky, 1905:670, 9 (laeoinodis var.) (na.Mnp, AiiAcpMaiibni, cniiTnn b3M, nsyieii); Weber,
1947:455; Emery, 1908:170 (rubra lacvinodis var.); 1921:39; ApiicabAH, 1976:548 (Myrmica), syn. n.
-smythicsi: PyscKufi, 1905:659, 9 (rugosa subsp.) (^jKyiirapcKufl Ajiatay: flojitnia p. lOii-Tac;
Bcp.xoBbH p. VccK, 2500 M, THiibi yTcpniibi), Syn. n. (provisional) (nee. Forel, 1902).
-swartschewskii Karawajew, 1915:500, 99 (Lcpiotlwrax) (OepraiiCKasi o6ji.: Knpnis-Axa, ciiiiTHiibi b
113, luyiciibi), syn. n.
-infuscata Kuznctzov-Ugamskij, 1927:192, 9 (rugosa dshungarica var.) (lOJKiibifl 6cpcr HccbiK-Ky.nH,
Turibi yTcpaiibi).
-brevispina Kuznetsov-Ugamskij, 1927:193, 9 (rugosa dshungarica var.) (lOKiibifl 6cper IIccbiK-Ky.nsi,
xmibi yrepsiiibr).
—dentata Kuznctzov-Udamskij, 1927:192, cf (rugosa dshungarica var.) (Ax<ajiaiiaui, Typrcin., tiuiw
yTcpaiibi), syn. n.
-subacuta Kuznctzov-Ugamskij, 1927:192, d" (rugosa dshungarica var.) (,H>Kajiaiiaui, Tnnbi yTepsiiibi),
syn. n.
-ruginodifonnis Karawajew, 1929:204, 99c? (rugulosa var.) (KapKapa, BocxoMiice lIccbiK-Ky.nH (iibuie
Kbiprbiscraii), CMiiTiiiibi b 113, H3y'iciibi).
-iscandcri Arnoldi, 1976:548, 90" (minuta subsp.) (FHCcapcKHfl xpe6cT, Ajiaii, rojiorun n napaTiiubi
B 3M, HSyMCiibi), syn. n.
-tarbinskii Arnoldi, 1976:549, 9Ci" (minuta subsp.) (xpc6Tbi TajiaccKtn"i h Kap)KaiiTay, ro.iioTHii n
naparimbi b 3M, M3y'ieiibi), syn. n.
C H H O H H M H a. Jl0B0;ibH0 H3MCHiIHBbIH Bllfl. TwDbl M.dshungOrica RUZS. II
M. minuta Ruzs. (no OAHOMy pa6oiiCMy Kaxfloro BHAa) acMCXBHxcibHO ox.;iiiiiaioxc5i
flpyroxApyra r.naBHbiM o6pa30M(j)opMOH nexHOJia, hoHsyueaHeo6mHpHoroMaxcpiia^ia
113 pa3.nH«HHX Mccx noKa3aAO Hanwaxe hc/ikhx nepexoAOB Mcxay hhmh. K xoMy
>KC HC HaflflCHbi ox.nHyHH H y caivmoB 3XHX EHflOB. HsyHCHHc XHHOB var. ruginodiformis
Karaw., subsp. iscanderi Arn., subsp. tarbinskii Arn. h Leptoihorax swartschewskii
Karaw. no3BOJiH.io xaK»cc cwiixaxb 3xh 4>oPmh CHHOHHMaMH M. dshungarica Ruzs.
Tiinbi BapiicxcxoB brevispina Kuzn.-Ug., infuscata Kuzn.-Ug., dentata Kuzn.-Ug.,
subacuta Kuzn.-Ug. yxepHHbi, ho BbWCJiacMbic hm npH oniicaaiiii npiiSHaKir, a xaK«c
xapaKxcp apca.;i0B no3Bo;i5iiox 6e3 comhchhh cuHxaxb yKasanHwc Bapncxcxw cimo-
HHMaMH M. dshungarica. flaKHbiii bha 6/ih30k k M. smythiesi For., o6uxaioincMy b
Tii6exc H b rMMa.naHX.
73
.
reorpacJjHyecKoe pacnpocxpaHCHHe. Fopbi CpeflHeii Ashh (ot
ZI,xyHratpcKoro Ajiaxay jip IlaMHpa).
3K—o;iorHa. PacnpocxpaneH Ha Bwcoxax ox 1600 flo 3000 m nafl yp. m. (na
Ajiae flo 3600) npcHMymecxBeHHO b noace cjiobmx ;iecoB, r^e Hacejiaex rjiaBHHM
o6pa30M 6epera pcK (no noiiMaM cnycKaexcn b apyrne pacxHxejibHwe noaca.) Ha
cy6a;ibnHHCKHX jiyrax noce;iaexca BflajiH ox boah. rneafla coopy^Kaex —name scero
noa KaMHaMH. TviTpo^uji. Jlex KpbuiaxHx na bhcoxc 2200 m Has yP- m. c Ha»ia;ia
Hiojia [Tap6HHCKHH, 1976].
Myrmica ferganensis Arnoldi, 1976
Karawajew, 1915:503, 9 (rubra laevinodis var.) (KHprwaMa: KMpms-ATa, CMHXHnH b H3, Haynenbi);
Finzi, 1926:83; ApHOJibAH, 1976:550 (Myrmica).
CHHOHHMHa.
HacxoamHH BHfl 6hji OHHcaH B. A. KapaBaeBHM b 1915 r. b
KaiecxBC HH4)panoflBHAOBOH 4'opMH. CorjiacHo cxaxbaM 10c, 23j, 50c(I) Meacflyna-
poflHoro KogcKca 300JiorHqecKOH HOMenKjiaxypw (1988), ero aBxopoM cjieffyex c^Hxaxb
K. B. ApHOJibflH, KoxopHH BncpBHC ynoxpe6HJi HasBaHHCferganensis ana o6o3HayeHHa
BHaoBoro xaKCOHa (ApnojibflH, 1976).
reorpa4)HiiecKoe pacnpocxpaneHHe. Bh^ HSBecxen h3 xHnoBoro
MecxoHaxo»meHHa h h3 3anoBeflHHKa CapH-Hejcex (MaxKajibCKHH xp.).
SKOJioraa ne Hsy^eHa.
Myrmica juglandeti Arnoldi, 1976
ApHOJibflH, 1976:549, 95cf (Myrmica) (OeprancKHH h HaxKajibCKHft xpe6Tbi, rojiOTMn h napaxMnw b
3M, MsyiieHbi); Tap6HHCKHH, 1976:22.
"tenuispina: ApnojibflH, 1948:847; 1949:304; Tap6MHCKHH, 1976:37 (nee. Forel, 1904).
—tianshanica Arnoldi, 1976:550, <p (Myrmica) (KHprnscKHii Ajiaray: AjiaMeflHH, Kapa6aT.na, rojiOTMn
M napaiMnbi a 3M, H3yHeHhi), syn. n.
•=alajensis Arnoldi, 1976:5501, 9 (tianshanica subsp.) (AjiTaMCKHw xpeSei: nepeaaji Ta.nAbiK, rojioxMn
H napaTHnbi b 3M, HsyneHbi), syn. n.
CHHOHHMHa. HaytieHHe XHnoBoro Maxepnajia, a xaKxe c6opoB h3 pa3jiHiHbix
Mecx rop CpeflHeii Ashh no3BOJiHjio naM ycxanoBHXb npHBeflCHHyio BHme chhohhmhk).
reorpa(})HtiecKoe pacnpocTpaneHHe. FopH roxHoro KbiprbiscxaHa
(ox HaxKajibCKoro h OeprancKoro xpe6xoB), TasxHKHcxaH (BKjiioHaa Ajiait).
SKOJiorna. 06Hxaex na BHCoxax ox 1000 (b k)}khom JCbiprbiscxaHe) jip 2500 m
HaA yp. M. (Ajian), rHe3aa oGh^ho hoa KaMHaMH, b noflcxHJiKe, naax. Jlex KpbLJiaxbix
BO BXOpOH nOJIOBHHe HIO.Jia (Tap6HHCKHH, 1976).
Myrmica kryzhanovskii Arnoldi, 1976
ApHo.iibAH, 1976:551, pwc. 6, 9 (Myrmica) (KyjiH6cKaH o6ji.: lUopaK; FMCcapcKHM xpe6eT: KsaK, rojioxMn
H napaTHnbi b 3M, Hsyqenw).
Bha HSBecxen h3 xHnoBHx MecxoHaxoxAeHHii h c xpe6xa CepKxy (TaA^KHKHCxan)
3Ko;iorHa ne H3y«eHa.
TpyrraA rugosa
Myrmica kurokii Forel, 1907
Forel, 1907:18, 9 (rubra subsp.) (Japan); Emery, 1908:166, (Myrmica); 1921:37; Weber, 1948:469;
KynHHCKaa, 1979:128 (part.); 1990:102, 99Cf.
"fortior: PyscKHM, 1905:660 (smythiesi var.) (VccypH, thhm yxepaHbi) (nee. Forel, 1905), syn. n.
-ruzskyi Kiseleva, 1924:36, 9 (kozlovi subsp.) (yccypMMCKMM Kpaii, tmhu yiepaHw) syn. n., nee.
Weber, 1947, nom. praeocc.
74
— — —
My—rmica tuteotaKupianskaya, caivicu: a rpyflb h ctcGcack b npo^iuik, 6 ro;iOBa cncpc^n; CKanyc,
< saAi'Ha rojiciib
C II H H H M H 51. C a6cO;iiOTHOH yBCpCHHOCTbK) flOKaSaTb yKaSaHHyiO CHHOHU-
MIIK) BOlCflCTBMC yXCpiI TIinOBblX MaXCpnajIOB HCB03M0JKH0. Ho, IICXOAS 113 npllBC"
flCHHWx aBTopaMH onucaHHM, aHa;iH3a apca;ioB m Hsyvcmifl MaxcpiiajioB c JXajihucro
BocTOKa, MM CO 3Ha»inTaibHofi CTCncHbJo yBcpcHHOCTH no/raracM, mto subsp. ruzskyt
Kisclcva M yKaaaHMC Ha waxoAKy var. forlior b npiiMopbC (PyscKiifi, 1905)
OTHOcaTCH K M. kurokii For.
CpaBHiiTc;ibHo c;ia6o iiSMCHwuBbiM BHfl; y aKSCMjiapoB c o-Ba Xohck) 6ojicc pcsKoc
MC3onponoaca;ibHOC BAaBjiCHiic h 6ojice Momubie, pacmiipcHHwe y ocuoBaHiiJi iiiiinbi
nponoAcyMa.
Fcorp a(})MMCCKOe pacnpocTpaHCHHe. SnoHiiH (o-b Xohcio) ITpii-
,
Mopbc, npnGpcxHbie pafloHbi Ha rare Xa6apoBCKoro xpaa (CoBraBaHCKiiii p-ii) CaxajiiiH.
,
3 K o.;i o ni ii. 06HTaeT b Jiecax, yame Ha onyiuxax h npocexax, a xaxacc Ha
jiyrax. FHCsaa o6bmHO coopyxacx b zcmjic.
rpynnA luteola
Myrmica luteola Kupianskaya, 1990
KynaiiCKaa, 1990:103, 9$, (Myrmica) (npnMopbc, roflOTnn b 3M, iiapaxHiibi b 3M h nnil, Hsyiciibi).
HllJKC OnilCblBaCM HC H3BCCXHbIX paHCC CaMUOB.
M
(F. Jl^aycXcKcHipi)H;a3.71c:fc1f,cfo,-bFIKpyiHiaMoupibnep,, IITXoc1bc9x9,0 u(iCH.pFolKyOiijiiKHaCpcXBB)C,H—HxbpamH;aixecc,H lbO.3VMIIh1H9369.
n H c a H H c—. CaMUbi onHCbmaioxca BnepBbie (pHcynoK, a z). FcnoBa cy6KBaa-
paxHaa (///= 1,0 1,02), 3a rjiasaMH luHpoKO saxpyrjicHHaa, cyacena k ncpcflHCMy
Kpaio; 3axbi.noHHbm xpaft BbinyxjibiH. Cxanyc KopoxKHii, pascH ii;ih—yyxb 6o.;ibijjc
xpcx ncpBbix m;ichhkob xryxiixa anxcHH, bmccxc Bsaxwx (S/=2,13 2,37), c.;ia6o
iisorHyxbift y ocHOBaHHH, na crH6e 6e3 yro;iKa. Oxcxofliii,MC bojiockh na cxanycc
KopoxKHC, HCMHoroyHcncHHbic, HC 6o;ibuie no.iOBHHbi cro MaKCiiMa.;ibHon xcjimuHu.
JI06 C npHMblMH npOflOJIbHblMHMOpiUHHKaMH, Ha OCXa^lbHblX HaCXHX roaoBM MOpmUHKll
BO.,iHiicxbic, BC3fle MOKfly MOpiUHHKaMH pasBHxa MciKosepHHCxaa cKyjibnxypa. Bch
r0.fIOBa C MHOrOIHCJICHHHMH OXCXOamHMH BOHOCXaMH.
Boxa rpyaii c 3CPhhcxoh CKyjibnxypoft, Hccxo/ibKO cr;ia>KeHHOH na Me3onjieBpax,
II KopoxKHMii MopuiHHKaMH. CxyxyM H cxyxejuiiOM c rycxoii sepHHCXOii cxyjibiixypoii
H npoao.?ibHbiMH MopmHHKaMH. HponoaeyM c xynbiMH 6yrpaMH.
ricxiiojiioc HU3KHM, c UHipoKo 3aKpyr;ieHHHM y3CJiK0M, HHorfla c HcpesKoii ro-
pii30HxajibH0H BcpuiHHHOii n.;iomaflKOH. 06a wjieHHKa cxc6e;ibKa rycxo nynxxHpoBaHbi.
75
.
Fpyflb, CTe6e;ieK, 6piomKO h hofh c MHoro^HCJieHHbiMH kopotkhmh OTCToamniWH
BOJiocKaMH. LIbct iiepH0-6ypbiH.
PasMepbi MCJiKHe: HL= 0,92—0,99, HW=0,9l~0,99, 5Z,= 0,39—0,45, TL=
= 2,03—2,24 MM.
KynaHCKasi (1990) npn onncanHH sxoro BHfla ne aKU,eHTHpoBajia sHHMaHHe na
oycHb xapaKTepHOH Hepxe caMOx: ohh o^ieHb mcjikhc, hc Kpynnee pa6oMHX h 6e3
uiHnoB Ha nponoaeyMC, ;iHuib c 6yropKaMH wjm kopotkhmh xynbiMH Tpeyro;ibHHMH
3y6iIHKaMH.
CpaBHHTe;ibHO CJia60 HSMeH—'lHBHH BHA, MOXCT HeCKO;ibKO BapbHpOBaXb flJCHHa
uiHnoB nponoaeyMa h oKpacKa ot apKO-opaHaceBoii no 6ypoBaTO-KpacHOH. BHeniHC
paBouHe M. luteola necKOJibKO HanoMHHaioT M. kurokii, b caaaH c mbm mh CMHTaeM
Heo6xoflHMHM npHBCCTH cpaBHCHHe 3THX flByx BHflOB (no pa6o^HM; no caMKaM H
caMu;aM ohh OTJiHiaioTCJi OHCHb iieTKo):
M. luteola M. kurokii
—
FojioBa mnpoKaa, KopoTKaa {HI= FojioBa yji.nHHeHHaa (HI= 1,09 1,15);
=0,98—1,03);
CKanyc h sasHHe rojienn c oxcToamHMH CKanyc h saflHHe ro;ieHH c npnjiexa-
BOJIOCKaMH; ii^HM onyuieHHeM;
MeaonponofleajibHoeBaaBjiCHHCpesKoe, Me3onponoaea.nbHoe BjiaBjieHHe nerjiy-
r;iy6oKoe h mnpoKoe; 6oKoe;
neXHOJIIOC C aBCTBCHHOH U,H;iHHAPHMe- nexHo.«K3c 6e3 iiHjiHHflpHyecKOH yacxH,
CKoii MacTbio, yaejiOK aaKpyrjiCHHO- ySejIOK MaCCHBHblH, C HBCTBeHHOH
xpeyrojibHbiH; BepuiHHHOH njion^aflKOH;
BoKa rpyflH c MopmnnKaMH h rpy6biMH BoKa rpyflH c ne^KHbiMH Mopin,HHKaMH;
nexjiaMH; rpyflb CBcpxy c neperyjiap- rpyflb CBcpxy, b oco6eHHOCxH Me30-
Hoii, pesKoii neTJieo6pa3Hoii CKyjib- HoxyM, c BOjiHHCTMMH nonepcMKbiMH
nxypoH; npocxpancxBO MOK^y Mop- MopmjHHKaMH; npocxpancTBO Mex^y
mHHKaMH H nexjiaMH 6;iecTHmee; MopmHHKaMH H HCXjiaMH rycTO nyn-
KXHpoBano;
BoKOBbie Kpaa jio6Hbix jionacxefi npn- BoKOBbie Kpaa .;io6Hbix jionacxeii He
noanaxbi, jionacxH cHjibnee HSornyxH npHnoflHsiTbi, ;ionacxH npaMbie (FL=
(/•/= 1,05—1,08, /£/= 2,40—2,54). = 1,0—1,02, FU= 2,01—2,33).
reorpac})HiiecKoe pacnpocxpaneHHe. HpHMopbe, lOacHbie KypHJiH
(o-B KyHamnp).
3Ko;iorHa. OdHxaex b jiecax roxHoro XHna (MepHonnxTOBHx h CMenianHO-
inHpoKOJiHcxBeHHbix) Hajiyrax no 6eperaM peK h osep. rHe3fla ^lame b pa3.;iaraiomeHca
,
ApeBCCHHe. KpwjiaTbie Bcxpeiaioxca b Hio-ne-ceHxa6pe.
rpynnA arnoldii
B 1963 r. r. M. J^jiyccKHM h3 roro-BocxoHHoro 3a6aHKa.nba 6buia onHcana
CBoeo6pa3Haa MHpMHKa, oxjiHiaromaaca ot apyrnx bhaob po^a Ha.nHiHeM jionacxe-
BHffHbix BbiCTynoB BHH3y ncTHda H nocxnexHo.;ia. 3th BbiCTynbi He CTOJib aBCXBeHHbi,
KaK y npeacTaBHTe;ieH pa^a cou,Ha;ibHO-napa3HTHMecKHx poflOB {Epimyrma,
Chalepoxenus h ap.), cH.ttbHee pa3BHTbi ohh y caMOK. Ho o6meMy ra6HTycy, cxpoenHio
CKanyca anxeHH, Ha^nHMHroMopmnnoKBOKpyrycHKOBbixBnaflHH, Herpy6oH CKy.nbnType
3XOX BHfl cxoflCH CO cpeflHeasHaxcKHMH BHflaMH H3 rpynn rubra. BnocneflcxBHH
ApHOJibf—lH (1968) OHHca;! caMU,OB M. arnoldii, BbisejiHB axox bha b oTflejibHbiH
noflpofl Dodecamyrmica (no ^HCJiy ^.^ibkhkob ycHKOB y caMu,OB)
Myrmica arnoldii Dlussky, 1963
AJiycCKHH, 1963:191, 9, (Myrmica) (HHTMHCKaa o6;i.: CpexeHCKMH p-H, ycTb-flynaeBO, roJioxMn h
nap.'iTMKbi B 3M, HayiieHbi); ApnojibflH, 1968:1803, $c? (subgen. Dodecamyrmica); Pisasski 1969:227;
1981:155; flMHTpweHKO, nexpeHKO, 1976:20 (3KOjiorHa).
76
fcreorpac[)HHecKoe pacnpocTpaneHHe. 3a6aHKa;ibe, lor Skythh, lor
HpKyTCKoii o6;i., cesepHasi MoHrojina, Tysa.
3Ko;iorHH. IlpHypoiieH k jihctbchhh^hhm jiecaM; rnesfla o6biiiHo coopy:»caeT
B flpeBCCHMX ocTaxKax.
M. tschekanovskii Radtschenko, 1993
Radtschenko, 1993: 00*, (Myrmica) (p. HtixHaa TynrycKa 6;ih3 BnaneHHH b EHHcefi, rojio™n h napaiHn
B 3M).
HsBecxeH h3 THnoBoro MecTOHaxoxflCHHa.
SKOJioTHa He Hayiiena.
rpynnA schencki
Myrmica schencki Emery, 1895
Emery, 1895:315, 9$cf (mAm subsp.); 1908:178 (scabrinodis suh^p.); 1916:120; 1921:41; Forel, 1915:29;
Soudeck, 1922:39; PyscKMJi, 1905:699 (lobicornis var.); Bondroit, 1918:103 (Myrmica); Muller, 1923:44,
Finzi, 1926:109; KapaoaeB, 1926:259; 1934:93; Arnoldi, 1934:171; Stitz, 1939:102; Weber, 1948:277;
Sadil, 1951:260; Bernard, 1968:118; ApHOJibflji, 197—0:1843; Baroni Urbani, 1971:35; flMHTpweHKO, HeT-
peHKO, 1976:18 (sKOjioraa); Tap6HHCKMM, 1976:42 44; MapwKOBCKMM, 1976:116 (9KOJiorna); Seifert,
1988:35; KynaHCKaa, 1986:87; 1990:109.
=lobicornis Nyl.: Foersler, 1850:69. 9$, Schenck, 1862:82; Mayr, 1855:142, cf (nee. Nylander, 1846
et auct.).
"deplanata Ruzs.: Finzi, 1926:111 (schencki var.), nee. PyscKHM, 1905.
=kutten Finzi, 1926:111, 9 (schencki var.) (craiTHn b 3M, Msy^eH).
=obsura Finzi, 1926:111, 990* (schencki var.).
=subopaca Arnoldi, 1934:172, 9 (schencki var.) (iopo-boctok yKpaMHbi, CMHXHnbi b 3M, nayijeHbi);
KapaBaen, 1934:96.
=betulianaRuTsky, 1946:70, 9 (Myrmica) (Eapa6HHCKaa crenb: CTani;Ma Taiira; EoropoflCKOe-Ha-06n,
BepiuMHMHo; BacanflaMKa, 6epe30Bwe kojikm, THnu yiepaHbi), syn. n.
CHHOHHMHa.
OxHOCHTejIbHO C.«a6o HSMeHHHBHH TpaHCna.HeapKTHUeCKHH BHfl,
6jiH3KHe BHflH oHHcaHH B CcBepHOH AiwepHKe. B riajieapKTHKe 6h;io onHcano fleBaxb
HH^JpaBHflOBHX (})OpM, H3 KOXOpHX xpH 51BJISIK)TC51 CHHOHHMaMH M. loMcorniS (var.
brunes—cens Karaw., var. burtschak-abramovitschi Karaw., var. st—arcki Karaw.),
OflHH CHHOHHMOM M. lacustris (var. plana Karaw.) a ocxa.nbHbie CHHOHHMaMH
,
M. schencki (cm. BHine). Thom M. betuliana (PyacKHii, 1946) He coxpaHHJiHCb, ho
HsyiieHHe o6mHpHoro MaxepHa.na, b xom hhchc h hx xhhobhx iviecxoHaxoacaeHHii,
noKa3a.rtO, mxo npH3HaKH, Bbifle.rtaeMbie npH onHcanHH M. betuliana, Bno.;iHe ymia-
flbiBaioxca B npeflCHH H3MeHiiHB0CXH M. schencki.
FeorpacJjHiecKoe pacnpocTpaH—CHHe. EBpona, na ceBcp aoxoflHx
AO roxHOH HopserHH h OHHjiaHflHH, Ha lor flo nojiynycxHHb; Bcxpeyaexca na
KasKaae, na TaHb-IIIaHe, b K);khoh Ch6hph h ITpHMopbe.
3 KO JioT Ha. YMepeHHO KcepocJjHJibHbiii sHa, HaH6o.;iee xapaKxepen fljia .neco-
cxenHoii h cTennoH 30H. B jiecHoii 30He noce.;iaexca na oxkphxhx, ocaemeHKbix,
xopomo nporpeBacMbix yiacxKax.
Myrmica lacustris Ruzsky, 1905, stat. n.
Py3CKHM, 1905:686, 9 (scabrinodis var.) [To6o.nbCKaa ry6. (Hune nasjiOflapcKaa m KyprancKaa o6.nacTH,
cesepo-aanafl AjixafiCKOro Kpaa), neoTMn b 3M]; Emery, 908:177; 1921:40; Weber, 1950:206.
-salina Ruzsky, 1905:667, 990? (scabrinodis var.) [OpeH6yprcKaa h To6o.nbCKaH ry6epHHH (HwHe
IJejiHHorpaflCKaa, Hejia6HHCKaa, KypraiiCKaa o6.nacTH, ccBepo-aanan AjixaMCKoro Kpaa), xHnbi yrepanbil; '
Emery, 1908:177; 1921:40; Finzi, 1926:102; ApiiojibflM 1970:1842 (Myrmica) (part.) (nee. Seifert,
1988:25), syn. n.
-deplanata Ruzsky, 1905:700, 9 (scabrinodis lobicornis var.), [KpwM, KaBKas, CapaTOBCKaa m
Open6yprcKaa ry6epHHH (nbine BojirorpaflCKaa m lor Mejia6HHCK0M o6jiacTeH), xHnbi yTepanw]; Emery,
1908:179; 1921:38 (lobicornis var.); Arnoldi, 1934:169. 9Ci' (Myrmica); KapaBaee, 1934:83, 99Cf; Sadil,
1940:102; ApnojibflM, 1070:1842; Tap6HHCKHM, 1976:31; Seifert, 1988:36; AnyccKnn, Coiohod, 3a6eJiHH,
1990:184; Weber, 1947:276 (lobicornis subsp.), syn. n.
77
"moravica Soudeck, 1922:106, 9$ (Myrmica), HexocjiOBaKMa; 1925:35, ope?, fig. 12; Finzi, 1926:104;
*
Sadil, 1940:102 (deplanata subsp.); 1951:263—264.
=planaKarawajew, 1926:283, 9 Uobicornisvar.) (AcKanHs-HoBa, CHHTHnwbH3, Hsyqeiiu); KapanaeB,
1929:208 (schenckivav.); Weber, 1948:302; Arnoldi, 1934:170 (deplanata\a.r.); Sadil, 1940:102 (deplanata
subsp.).
=grandis Kuznetzov-Ugamskij, 1927:196, 9 (scabrinodis lobicornis var.) (ry.nbHa, xHnbi yrepaHbi),
syn. n. (provisional).
"lulakeranica Arnoldi, 1948:211 (deplanata subsp.), nomen nudum.
Chhohhmhh.
B 1905 r. M. fl. PyacKHiionHcanasaBapnexeTa y M. scabrinodis:
var. lacustris (pa5oHHe) h war salina (paGo^iHe, caMKH, caMU,H) h3 cxenHbix paiioHOB
rora Sana^HOH Ch6hph h CeBepHoro Kaaaxcxana, b xom mhcjic h h3 oflHoii tohkh,
a B03M0JKH0, aa;Ke hs oanoro rneaaa —(To6o;ibCKaa ry6., 03. FophKoe, 6.VII 1896).
XapaKTepHEH yepxa o6ohx BapHcxexoB HajiH^He aa crH6e CKanyca ne nposojibHoii,
a nonepe^iHOH, BepxHKajibHoii jionacxH hjih 3y6n,a, mto, no coBpeMCHKHM npeflcxas-
jieHHSM, nexKO OTjiHHacT 3TH (t)opMM OX BHflOB rpynHH M. scabrinodis. B axon yme
pa6oxe M. fl. PyscKHH onHca.?i M. lobicornis var. deplanata (b xom hhcjic h c
xeppHxopHH HHHeinHeH ^e;ia6HHCKOH o6;i.), xapaKxepH3yK)in;HHca najiH^iHeM none-
peMHoii 3y6n,eBHaHOH .nonacxH na crH6e CKanyca, c.na6HM Me3onponoflea.nbHbiM B^aB-
.neHHCM H cpaBHHxejibHO KopoxKHMH npHMbiMH niHnaMH nponofleyMa. Tkhh Bcex
xpex BapHCxexoB yxepaHbi.
BnocjieACXBHH HaH6ojiee nojinyio xpaKxoBKy nojiy^iHJia tJJopMa deplanata (Arnoldi,
1934; KapasaeB, 1934, Apnojibfln, 1970; TapfoncKHH, 1976), b xom MHOie onacaHbi
nonoBwe oco6h. HayneHHe xbhob var. plana Karaw. h M. moravica Soudeck noKasajio
VLX HACHXHiiHOCTb c M. deplanata. nony.;i5mHH h3 3anaflHoro Konex^ara ox.nHnaioxc5i
CHJibHO peayuHpoBaHHHM 3y6ii,0M Ha crH6e CKanyca. B 1948 r. K. B. ApHOjibflH
npHBe.;! nasBaHHe, ho ne onHca.n M. deplanata lulakeranica h3 Tajibma. Mh vizynvum
MaxepHaJi K. B. Apnoma]xa. h npHinjiH k BHBO^y, ^ixo axo o6braHafl M. deplanata,
no cxpoeHHK) CKanyca oqeHb 6.;iH3Kaa k 3K3eMnj[apaM h3 Konexflara.
Thhh OHHcaHHoro Ky3Heu,0BHM-yraMCKHM (1927) h3 OKpecxHocxeii ry.nbMH (Om-
CKafl o6ji.) var. grandis yxepanbi. OflnaKO BHflejiHCMHe aBxopoM npHsnaKH (KpynHHC
pa3Mepbi, cJjopMa nexHoncioca h niHnoB), a xaxace Hsy^eHne MaxepHa.noB hs Cpeflneii
A3HH, B XOM HHCJie H H3 XHnOBOrO MeCXOHaXOaCflCHHa, n03BO;iHIOT HaM C»IHXaXb
yKa3aHHHH Bapnexex chhohhmom M. deplanata.
CpaBHHBaa onncaHHa var. lacustris, var. salina h var. deplanata M. fl. Py3CKoro,
MoacHO yBHflexb itenbiii paw o6mHX npHsnaKOB: najiH^iHe nonepeHHOH 3y6i^eBHaHOH
jionacTH Ha crH6e CKanyca, cnaSoe Me3onponoaea;ibHoe BflaB.«eHHe, cpaBHHxejibHO
KopoxKHe' npflMHe uiHnH npono^eyMa, yr.noBaxbiH, 6e3 flBCXBCHHoii BepniHHHOH tuio-
maflKH y3ejioK nexHO.nioca. CaMU,bi var. salina c kopoxkhm CKanycoM, ho ohh xopomo
OT.;iHiiaioxcH ox caMn;0B M. scabrinodis kopoxkhmh oxcxohiiihmh BO.nocKaMH na CKanyce
H Horax. Bee 3xh npH3HaKH xapaKxepHHSJia M. deplanata b noHHMaHHH coBpeMCHHbix
aBxopoB. CaM M. fl. Py3CKHH yKa3HBa;i, qxo var. salina 6.n[Hxe Bcero cxohx k var.
schencki Emery. Hcxoaa h3 BbimeH3.noxeHHoro, c^eayex npH3Haxb oniH6oMHOH xpaK-
TOBKy M. salina K. B. ApH0.n;baH, oxHOcamero ero k rpynneM. scabrinodis (ApH0.nb;;H,
1970). CpeffH MaxepHa;ioB, xpanamnxca b 3ooMy3ee MFY h onpefle.«eHHbix K. B.
ApnojibflH KaK M. salina, HMeroxca 3K3eMn.napbi xkhh^hoh M. deplanata, a
xaK:»ce M. slovaca Sadil, M. scabrinodis Nyl. h M. sabuleti Mein. B csexe
3xoro noHaxHa oniH6Ka 3aH4)epxa (Seifert, 1988), CMHxaBinero M. slovaca chhohhmom
M. salina, oh onHpa.nca na MaxepHa.nbi h onpeae.n:eHHa K. B. ApH0.;ibaH.
B YiOJUieKU,viw SooMysea MFY HMcexca eAHHCXBenHHii 3K3eMn.nap (caMKa), on-
peaejieHHMH M. J\.—PyscKHM KaK M. scabrinodis var. lacustris (H. nexpoBCKHit,
AKMO.nHHCKHH ye3a HblHC I^CnHHOrpaflCKaa 06.71.), 0603HaHeHHbIH HaMH B KayecxBC
neoxHna. 3xa caMKa, 6e3yc;iOBHO, aB.;iaexca M. deplanata b coBpeMCHHOM noHHMaHHH.
TaKHM o6pa30M, Hcxoaa h3 Bcero BMiueHSJioxeHHoro, mw c^iHTaeM M. salina
Ruzs. H M. deplanata Ruzs. M.7iaflmHMH cHHOHHMaMH M. lacustris Ruzsky, 1905,
Stat. n.
reorpa(})HHecKoe pacnpocxpaHeHHe. KDr jiecocTenHoii h CTenHoii
78
"300 OT MopaBHH flo AjixaH, TaHb-IIIaHb, 3aKaBKa3be, aanaflHMH KoneT^ar; HaiifleH
B eBponeiicKOH lacTH Typi],HH.
SKOJioraa—: Tnesji—a coopyxaex b acMjie, npeflnoMHTaer aacoJieHHbie ywacTKH.
Jlex KpbUiaTHX HlOJIb CeHTH6pb.
Myrmica ravasinii Finzi, 1923
Finzi, 1923:55, O (Myrmica) (Aji6aHMH: ToMop, 1600 m nan yp. Mopsi, CHHTHnbi b 3M MPy, HsyMCHbO;
1926:112; Weber, 1950:212; XMKHjiaiuBMH, 1967:53; 1974:193; ApnojibflM, 1970:1843; Seifert, 1988:37;
ApaKejiHH, 1989:773; 950?.
SaMewaHHC. OieHb cBoeo6pa3HHH 6a;iKaHO-KaBKa3CKHH, no sceii bhahmocth,
pe;iHKTOBbiH BHfl. —CjiaSo HSMCHiiHB, —xapaKTcpHsyexca iipe3BbmaHHo ysKHM ;i6om
pa6oMHx (FI= 2,13 2,77, FLI=5,56 7,38) h o^eHb KpynHOH jionacxbio na craSe
CKanyca.
reorpatJjHMccKoe pacnpocxpaneHHe. A;i6aHHa, lor HDroaiaBHH,
Typi];Ha, rpy3Ha h ApMenna.
SKOJiorna. 06Hxaex b rnHpoKjiHCXBeHHtix ropHHx jiecax Ha BHCoxax ox 1200
ao 1800 M Hafl yp. Mopa.
Myrmica caucasicola Arnoldi, 1934, stat. n.
Arnoldi, 1934:172, 90* (schencki nat.) (ApMeHHa, A3ep6aMfl>KaH: Tajiwui, CHHTHnbi b 3M, HsyieHw);
Weber, 1947:298 (schencki vat.); ApHOJib^H, 1970:1838 (schencki subsp.).
SaineiaHHa. Pa6o»iHe ox;iHiaiOTca ox M. schencki 6ojiee mapoKHM ji6om,
c;ia6o pa3BHxoH 3y6u;eBimnoH;ionacxbio na crH6ecxanyca, 6o;iee xohkhmh, 3arHyxHMH
KHH3y innnaMH nponofleyMa; caini^H xopomo oxjiHwaioxca HajiHWHCM oienb a;iHHHbix
BOJiocKOB Ha cKanyce h Horax, hxo c6;iH»caex hx c M. ravasinii.
reorpa4'H»iecKoe pacnpocxpaHCHHe. lOxHoe SaKaBKasbe.
3Ko;iorHH. 06HTaex npeHMymecxBeHHO b cyxHx cpeflHeropHHx ;iecax.
CnHCOK JIHTEPAXyPbl
Apnojibdu K. B., 194—8. Myp—aebH Tajibiuia h flHa6apcK0H KOTjioBHHbi//Tp. 3ooji. MH-xa AH CCCP. T. 7,
Dbin. 3. C. 206 262. 1968. Ba»CHwe flonojiHCHMH k MHpMeKO<j)ayHe (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)
CCCP M onHcaHHe HOBbix $opM//3oo.ii. acypn. T. 47, Bbin. 12. C. 1800—1822.— 1970. O63OP
MypaBbBB pofla Myrmica (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) eBponeiicKOM HaciH CCCP// TaM >Ke. T. 49,
Bbin. 12. C. 1829—1843.
ffnyccKuii r. M., 1963. flBa hobux BH^a MypasbCB (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) m3 Boctohhopo 3a6aM-
Ka;ibsi//3HT0M0.ii. o6o3p. T. 42, Bbin. 1. C. 190—194. —
Kapasaee B. O., 1934. Oayna poahhh Formicidae (mypauiKH) YKpainM. H. 1. KmIb: BVAH. C. 1 162.
KyaHeupe-VzaMCKuU H. H., 1927. MaxepHaji no MMpMeKO.norHH TypKecxana. ll//PyccK. shxomoji. o6o3p.
KynsiT.HCK21O,H AB.binH..,2.19C9.0.1M8y6p—a1s9b6H.fla.tibHero BocxoKa CCCP —BjiaAHBOCxo—K: ABO AH CCCP. C. 1—258.
MejKAyHapoflHbiM koackc 30o.norHi!ecKOM HOMeHKjiaxypbi. JI: HayKa. C. 1 203.
PadHCHKO A. r., 1994. TaKConoMHtieCKaH cxpyKxypa pofla Myrmica Latreille (Hymenopte—ra, F—ormicidae)
HeHxpa.nbHOM m Bocxoihom na;ieapKXMKM//3ooji. ncypn. T. 73. Bwn. 6. C. 39 52. 1994 a.
OnpeflejiHxejibHaa xa6.nHiia MypaBbee pofla Myrmic—a (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) HeHxpa.JibHOH h
BocxOHHOM na;ieapKTHKH//TaM >Ke. T. 73. Bwn. 7 8.
PyscKuU M. J],., 1905. MypaBbH Pocchh. KasaHb. C. 1—798.——1946. MypaebH Tomckoh o6.iiacxH h
conpeflejibHbix MecxH0CTeM//Tp. Tomck. yn-xa. T. 97. C. 69 72.—
TapOuHCKuU K). C, 1976. MypaBbH KHprH3MM. Opynse: Hjihm. C. 1 217.
Arnoldi K. V., 1934. Vorlaufige Ergebnisse einer biometrischen Untersuchung einiger Myrm/cfl-Arten aus
dem europaischen Teil der UdSSR//Folia zool. hydrobiol. Bd. 6, H. 2. S. 159—174.
Onoyama K., 1989. Confirmation of the occurence ofMyrmica rubra (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Japan,
with taxonomic and ecological notes//Jap. J. Entomol. V. 57, No. 1. P. 131—135.
Radchenko A. G., 1993. New Myrmica species (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in the Palearctic//Mem. Zool.
V. 48, No. 1. P. 1—9.
Seifert B., 1988. A taxonomic revision of the Myrmica species of Europe, Asia Minor, and Caucasus
(Hymenoptera, Formicidae)//Abh. Ber. Naturlcund. Bd. 62, H. 3. S. 1—75.
Mncmumym soojiozuu AH YKpauHu JJocmynujia pedaxi^uio
Kuee 7 unpens 1994 z.
79
A. G. RADCHENKO
A SURVEY OF THE SPECIES OF MYRMICA BELONGING TO THE GROUPS
RUBRA, RUGOSA. ARNOLDII, LUTEOLA AND SCHENCKI (HYMENOPTERA,
FORMICIDAE) FROM THE CENTRAL AND EASTERN PALAEARCTIC
Institute of Zoology, Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, Kiev, Ukraine
Summary
A survey of Myrmica spp. from the groups rubra, rugosa, arnoldii, luteola and schencki is given. The
synonymy is discussed. The males of M. luteola are described for the first time. The neotype (female)
of M. lacustris is designated. M. caucasicola and M. tacustris are elevated to the specific level.
80
