Table Of ContentA STUDY OF THE LIONIN, PROTEIN, AND FAT CONTENTS
SEVERAL COMMON PASTURE MIXTURES AND THEIR EFFECT
ON BEfcE PRODUCTION
A Thesis
Submitted to the Faculty
of
Purdue University
by
Louis Neal Wise
In Partial Fulfillment of the
Requirements for the Degree
of
Doctor of Philosophy
June, 1950
PURDUE UNIVERSITY
THIS IS TO CERTIFY THAT THE THESIS PREPARED UNDER MY SUPERVISION
BY
EN ~X'd.'.L-fcm rl ■—> I. ■ . a_. a. . _ I . . t * J ^ . I .
COMPLIES WITH THE UNIVERSITY REGULATIONS ON GRADUATION THESES
AND IS APPROVED BY ME AS FULFILLING THIS PART OF THE REQUIREMENTS
FOR THE DEGREE OF
^ f
( ^ .A*
L-' PHorK sson in C h aroe o f T hehis
/ . l/
. IIf-ad or School or D epahtmbnt
TO THE LIBRARIAN:-----
IS
THIS THESIS IS NOT TO BE REGARD ED AS CONFIDENTIAL.
C.
rBoraaioB nr ohaiob
GRAD. SCHOOL FORM •—3.«C — 1M
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
The author wishes to express his appreciation
and to acknowledge his indebtedness to Dr. G. 0. Mott
for his sincere interest, assistance, and encouragement
during his entire graduate work. He is likewise in
debted to Dr. W. M. Beeson, Dr. G. A.. Gries, Dr. A.
Olhrogge, and Professor 3. R. Miles.
The author extends grateful thanks to T. A. Dykes,
J. Martin, and others who assisted in many ways*
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ABSTRACT .................................................... i
INTRODUCTION ............................................... 1
SURVEY OF LITERATURE ..................................... 5
PROCEDURE.................................................. 33
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ................................... 45
Results of the Chemical Analysis of Ladino
Clever, Bromegrass, end Ladino Clover -
Bromegrass Mixture at Two-Week Intervals ...... 47
Ladino Clover ................................... 1+7
Bromegrass .................................. 51
Ladino Clever - Bromegrass Mixture ....... 54
Results of the Chemical Analysis of Alfalfa,
Timothy, and Alfalfa - Timothy Mixture at
Two-Week Intervals .......................... 59
Alfalfa....................................... 59
Timothy ...................................... 62
Alfalfa - Timothy Mixture .................. 61+
Results of the Chemical Analysis of Birdsfoot
Trefoil, Kentucky Bluegrass, and BIrdsfcot
Trefoil - Kentucky BluegrassM ixture ........ 63
Birdsfoot Trefoil .......................... 68
Kentucky Bluegrass ........................ 71
Birdsfoot Trefoil - Kentucky Bluegrass
Mixture .................................... 73
Results of the Chemical Analysis of Birdsfoot
Trefoil, Alta Fescue, and Birdsfoot - Alta
Fescue Mixture ........................ 77
Birdsfoot Trefoil ......................... 77
Alta Fescue ................................ 79
Birdsfoot Trefoil - Alta FescueM ixture 82
TABLE OF CONTENTS - Continued
Page
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION - Continued
Results of the Chemical Analysis of Forage from
a Permanent Bluegrass Pasture Receiving 60
Pounds PgOfJ* 30 Pounds K2O, and 60 Pounds
of Nitrogen Annually.........................»• 87
Permanent Bluegrass Mixture ............... 67
Results of the Chemical Analysis of Forage from
a Permanent Bluegrass Pasture Receiving 60
Pounds P2O5 and 30 Pounds KgO Annually ••••••• 91
Permanent Bluegrass Mixture .............. 91
The Relationships Existing Between the Various
Chemical Components and Between Certain of
these Constituents and the T.D.N. Produced
Per Pasture for the Mixtures Studied •..•••••• 96
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS............................... 118
BIBLIOGRAPHY.......................... 122
APPENDIX............................................... 131
LISTS OF TABLLS AMD FIGURES
List of Tables
Table Page
1. Seeding Rates and Annual Fertilization of
Rotationally Grazed Pastures at the
Miller-Purdue F a r m ........................ 35
2. Comparative C lima to logical Date in Indiana •• l\2
3» Species Found at the Miller-Purdue Farm I4.3
if* Chemical Composition of Ladino Clover at
Two-Week Intervals Throughout the Grazing
Season ..................................... * I4.S
5# Chemical Composition of Bromegrass at Two-
Week Intervals Throughout the Grazing
Season • 52
6. Chemical Composition Throughout the Grazing
Season of Forage from Ladino Clover -
Bromegrass Pasture and the Total Di
gestible Nutrients Produced Per Pasture • • 55
7. Chemical Composition of Ladino Clover,
Bromegrass, and Ladino Clover - Brome
grass Mixture----Average of Three Two-
Week Periods ......................... .
8* Chemical Composition of Alfalfa at Two-Week
Intervals Throughout the Grazing Season *• 60
9« Chemical Composition of Timothy at Two-Week
Intervals Throughout the Grazing Season • • 63
10* Chemical Composition Throughout the Grazing
Season of Forage from Alfalfa - Timothy
Pasture and the Total Digestible Nutrients
Produced Per Pasture .............. 65
11. Chemical Composition of Alfalfa, Timothy,
and Alfalfa - Timothy Mixture----Average
of Three Two-Week Periods *•••.•..••.••••* 6?
12* Chemical Composition of Birdsfoot Trefoil
at Two-Week Intervals Througnout the
Grazing Season .........................
List of Tables - Continued
Table Page
13• Chemical Composition of Kentucky Bluegrass
at Two-Week Intervals Throughout the
Grazing Season ..... 72
l4» Chemical Composition Throughout the Grazing
Season of Forage from Birdsfoot Trefoil -
Kentucky Bluegrass Pasture and the Total
Digestible Nutrients Produced Per Pasture • 74
15. Chemical Composition of Birdsfoot Trefoil,
Kentucky Bluegrass, and Birdsfoot Trefoil -
Kentucky Bluegrass Mixture----Average of
Three Two-Week Periods ............... 76
16. Chemical Composition of Birdsfoot Trefoil at
Two-Week Intervals Throughout the Grazing
Season ................................ 78
17. Chemical Composition of Alta Fescue at Two-
7/eek Intervals Throughout the Grazing
Season .................................... 80
18* Chemical Composition Throughout the Grazing
Season of Forage from Birdsfoot Trefoil -
Alta Fescue Pasture and the Total Digest
ible Nutrients Produced Per Pasture ••••••• 63
19* Chemical Composition of Birdsfoot Trefoil,
Alta Fescue, and Birdsfoot Trefoil - Alta
Fescue Mixture— --Average of Three Two-
Week Periods ...................... 86
20. Chemical Composition of Forage from Permanent
Bluegrass Pasture Receiving 60 Pounds P2O5#
30 Pounds KpO, and 60 Pounds of Nitrogen
Annually ana the Total Digestible Nutrients
Produced Per Pasture ................. 88
21. Chemical Composition of Forage from Permanent
Bluegrass Pasture Receiving 60 Pounds P2°5
and 30 Pounds KoO Annually and the Total
Digestible Nutrients Produced Per Pasture • 92
22. Chemical Composition of Permanent Bluegrass-
NPK Average of Three Two-Week Periods •• 95
23. Chemical Composition of Permanent Bluegrass-
PK----Average of Three Two-Week Periods ••• 95
List of Tables - Continued
Table Page
2lj.* The Relationships Existing Between the
Various Components Determined for Ladino
Clover •••••••••••••••••................. 96
25* The Relationships Existing Between the
Various Components Determined for
Bromegrass • •................ 99
26. The Relationships Existing Between the
Various Components Determined for Ladino
Clover - Bromegrass Mixture 100
27 • The Relationships Existing Between the
Various Components Determined for Alfalfa •1 01
28. The Relationships Existing Between the
Various Components Determined for Timothy • 102
29. The Relationships Existing Between the
Various Components Determined for Alfalfa -
Timothy Mixture .... . 103
30* The Relationships Existing Between the
Various Components Determined for
Birdsfoot Trefoil ..................... IOI4.
31* The Relationships Existing Between the
Various Components Determined for Kentucky
Bluegrass *••»............ 105
32. The Relationships Existing Between the
Various Components Determined for Birdsfoot
Trefoil - Kentucky Bluegrass Mixture ....•• 106
33. The Relationships Existing Between the
Various Components Determined for Birdsfoot
Trefoil *••••••.••....*•••••............... 107
34* The Relationships Existing Between the
Various Components Determined for Alta
Fescue ........................... 10 8
35* The Relationships Existing Between the
Various Components Determined for Birdsfoot
Trefoil - Alta Fescue Mixture ........ 109
36. The Relationships Existing Between the
Various Components Determined for Permanent
Bluegrass Mixture - NPK . ............... * 110
List of Tables - Continued
Table Page
37. The Relationships Existing Between the
Various Components Determined for Permanent
Bluegrass Mixture - PK ................... 111
38. Compilation of All Correlation Coefficients
Found in Tables 1-1if ............. 113
Appendix Tables
1. Detailed Data on the Chemical Composition of
Ladino Clover - Percent ........•••• 131
2. Detailed Data on the Chemical Composition of
Bromegrass - Percent ..................... 132
3. Detailed Data on the Chemical Composition of
Ladino Clover - Bromegrass Mixture - Per
cent 133
if. Detailed Data on the Chemical Composition of
Alfalfa - Percent ........................... 134-
5* Detailed Data on the Chemical Composition of
Timothy ...................................... 135
6. Detailed Data on the Chemical Composition of
Alfalfa - Timothy Mixture - Percent ....... 13&
7. Detailed Data on the Chemical Composition of
Birdsfoot Trefoil • ••••................. 137
8. Detailed Data on the Chemical Composition of
Kentucky Bluegrass - Percent............... 13$
9. Detailed Data on the Chemical Composition of
Birdsfoot Trefoil - Kentucky Bluegrass
Mixture - Percent ....................... 139
10. Detailed Data on the Chemical Composition of
Birdsfoot Trefoil - Percent ............ lifO
11. Detailed Data on the Chemical Composition of
Alta Fescue - Percent....................... 1^1
List of Tables - Continued
Appendix
Table Page
12* Detailed Data on the Chemical Composition of
Birdsfoot Trefoil - Alta Fescue Mixture -
Percent .......... llp2
13« Detailed Data on the Chemical Composition of
Permanent Bluegrass N-P-K ........ 143
14. Detailed Data on the Chemical Composition of
Permanent Bluegrass P-K ....... 145
List of Figures
Figure Page
1* Arrangement of Pasture Plots Miller-Purdue
Farm ....................... 30
