Table Of ContentR. HOUART NOVAPEX 1 1(1 ): 21-27, 20 mars 201
A remarkable new species oiZacatrophon Hertlein & Strong, 1951
(Gastropoda: Muricidae: Ocenebrinae)
from the Guif of California
HOUART
Roland
Research Associate, Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique
rue Vautier, 29, 1000 Bruxelles, Belgium.
[email protected]
KEYWORDS. Gastropoda, Muricidae, GuifofCalifornia, Zacatrophon, new species.
ABSTRACT. Zacatrophon skoglundae n.sp. is described from the Guif of California and
compared with Zacatrophon beebei (Hertlein & Strong, 1948), Aiistrotrophon cerrosensis (Dali,
1891) and A. catalinensis (Oldroyd, 1927). The radula characters are illustrated for Forreria
Jousseaume, 1880, Zacatrophon Hertlein & Strong, 1951 andAiistrotrophon Dali, 1902. The three
gênera are mcluded in Ocenebrinae Cossmann, 1903.
RESUME. Zacatrophon skoghmdae n.sp. est décrit du Golfe de Califomie et est comparé à
Zacatrophon beebei (Hertlein & Strong, 1948), Aitstrotrophon cerrosensis (Dali, 1891) et A.
catalinensis (Oldroyd, 1927). Les caractéristiques de la radula sont illustrées pour Forreria
Jousseaume, 1880, Zacatrophon Hertlein & Strong, 1951 et Austrotrophon Dali, 1902. Les trois
genres sont inclus dans les Ocenebrinae Cossmann, 1903.
INTRODUCTION SYSTEMATICS
The new species described herein was previously Family MURICIDAE Rafmesque, 1815
published as Forreria (Zacatrophon) beebei (Hertlein Subfamily OCENEBRINAE Cossmann, 1903
& Strong, 1948) by Myers & Hertz (1990). After a GenusZacatrophon Hertlein & Strong, 1951
careful study ofmany spécimens and comparison with Type species by original désignation: Trophon
the type species ofZacatrophon, it tumed out to be a (Zacatrophon) beebei Hertlein & Strong, 1948,
new species. Récent, GuifofCalifornia..
Repository Zacatrophonskoglundae n. sp.
Figs 1-6
ANSP: Academy ofNatural Sciences ofPhiladelphia,
U.S.A. Material examined. The holotype and 12 paratypes
CAS: California Academy ofSciences, San Francisco, from the Skoglund Collection were examined and
U.S.A. distributed to the following muséums and private
IRSNB: Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de collections:
SBMNH
Belgique, Bruxelles, Belgium. Holotype 423912.
MNHN: Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, Paratypes: 1 ANSP 423438; 1 CAS CASIZ 182027; 1
France. IRSNB IG 31.468/MT2241; MNHN 22716;
1
SBMNH: Santa Barbara Muséum ofNatural History, SBMNH 423913; USNM 1133478; 2 RH (no
1
California, U.S.A. registration number) (ail from the type locality); 4 CS
USNM: National Muséum of Natural History, (no registration number), from three miles SE of
Washington, D.C., U.S.A. Punta San Antonio, Sonora, Mexico. Dredged, 60 to
CS: coll. Carol Skoglund 90 m, by Paul & Carol Skoglund Nov. 1982
DP: coll. Don Pisor
RH: coll. Roland Houart Type locality. GuifofCalifornia, Baja California Sur,
Mexico, brought in San Juanico by shrimpers.
Other abbreviations
Other material examined. Zacatrophon skoghmdae
IP: Infrasutural primary cord (primary cord n.sp.: GuifofCalifornia, Baja California Sur, Mexico,
on subsutural ramp) San Juanico taken by shrimpers (4 spécimens, 54 to
mm
PI Shouldercord 70.5 in length, CS); Near Loreto, Baja California
: mm
P2-P3 : Primary cords ofthe convex part ofthe Sur, Mexico (1 spécimen, 64 in length, CS).
teleoconch whorl Zacatrophon beebei: GuifofCalifornia (1); Cabo San
Lucas, Guif of California (1); Ceralbo Island, West
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R. HOUART A iviiiarkablc ncw spccics o\'Zaccitrophon
Mexico (24°18'5r'N; l()y^'55'3()"W) (2) (ail coll. Kli); Aperture large, broad. roundcd. with adapical portion
Cabo San Lucas, Uiilt'orC'alifornia, divcigcd 46 m (5) slarting al base of preceding whorl. Columellar lip
(coll. rS)(Figs 7-13). broad. eniirely smooth. rim completely adhèrent.
Aiistrolrophon cerrosensis: (iiilt of C'alilbriiia (I) Outer lip smooth, with smooth surface within.
(coll. RH); OtT Ccdros Island. Baja Calilbmia (3) Siphonal canal long, broad, straight or weakly dorsally
(coll. CS)(Figs 14-16). curved, broadly open, with low axial lamellae over
Aiistrotrophon catalinensis: San Pedro, Calilomia (I) whole length.
(coll. RH): Catalina Island, California (I); Baja Operculum and radula unknown.
California, 27 2K.3' N. I I4"57.()'W, 110 m (I); OtT
San Diego, California, 77 m (!) (ail coll. DP) (Figs Remarks. Compared to Zaccitrophon heehei (Figs 7-
17-18). 13. 21-23). the only other représentative ofthe genus,
Aiistrotroplioii sp. OITNW Isia Smith, Bahia de Los Z. skoglundae n.sp. lias broader. fewer, and more
Angeles, Baja California, Mexico, dredged 183 m strongly developed, tlat, shoulder spines (8-10 v.s 10-
(CS) [as Trophon (Aiistrotrophon) cf. cerrosensis in 15 in Z. heehei), less convex teleoconch whoris,
Skogliind(l988: 115, Fig. 10)] (Figs 19-20). especially remarkable at the last whorl, and more
strongly developed axial lamellae. The new species
mm
Description. Shell large for the genus, up to 72 in apparently also reach a larger size.
length at matiirity. length/width ratio 1.7-2.2:1. Zacatrophon skoglundae n. sp. ditTers from
SIender, elongate, narrow, lightly built. Subsutural Aiistrolrophon cerrosensis (Figs 14-16, lA-lb) and A.
ramp broad. tabulate, weakly convex. catalinensis (Figs 17-18, 27-29. two species assigned
Creamy-white, light tan or tan. Fiat lamellae of last to Aitstrotrophon Dali, 1902, a related genus, in
teleoconch whorl usually vveakiy darker colored. having the typical loosely coiled teleoconch whoris
Lighter coloiired spiral band at adapical extremity of with deeply impressed suture, and a tabulate
siphonal canal. Aperture glossy white. subsutural ramp, typical features of Zacatrophon.
Spire high, up to 5 or 5.5 narrow, strongly shouldered, Moreover, it also differs from A. cerrosensis in the
spinose, loosely coiled whoris. Suture deeply absence of obvions spiral sculpture, in the more
excavated, strongly impressed. Protoconch unknown, numerous axial lamellae (8-10 vs 6-8) and in the
broken in ail examined spécimens. Axial sculpture of strongly upward curved and flatter shoulder spines.
teleoconch whoris consisting of low, broad, tlattened From A. catalinensis it also differs in the more
lamellae, more strongly developed at shoulder, numerous and less developed axial lamellae, more
producing short or long, broad, flat, guttered, spinelike strongly upward curved, less developed spines, and
projections. First teleoconch whorl eroded in ail comparatively smallersize.
examined spécimens: second whorl with 10 or II ribs
with small, broad, shoulder spinelets; third whorl with Etymology. 1 am very pleased to name that species for
9 or 10 tlat, almost undistinguishable ribs with flat, Carol Skoglund who kindly put many of her
open spinelets at shoulder: fourth whorl with 8-10 flat spécimens at my disposai for study.
lamellae, producing short or long, tlat spinelets at
shoulder; last whorl with 7-10 low, tlat, axial Discussion. Zacatrophon, Austrotrophon, Forreria
lamellae, generally ending as long, upward curved, and the species related to thèse taxa were the subject
flat. guttered, open, spinelike projections at shoulder. ofseveral différent assignations:
Spiral sculpture consisting ofPI, and when présent, of - Hinds (1844: 127) described Murex belcheri. It was
very low, almost undistinguishable P2 and P3 on assigned toForreria by Jousseaume (1880: 335).
second and third whorl. Other whoris smooth or with - Dali (1891: 181) described Trophon cerrosensis and
very low, broad, concentrated, spiral cords, extending assigned it later to Austrotrophon as Trophon
also on siphonal canal. Subsutural ramp smooth, (Austrotrophon) cerrosensis (Dali, 1902: 549).
except axial lamellae.
Figures 1-16
1-6. Zacatrophonskoglundae n.sp.
1-3. GulfofCalifornia, Baja California Sur, Mexico, brought in San Juanico by shrimpers Holotype SBMNH
423912, 72 mm: 4-5. paratype, same locality, MNHN 22716, 41.8 mm: 6. paratype, same locality, USNM
mm
1133478,41.6
7-13. Zacatrophon beebei (Hertlein & Strong, 1948)
7-9. Cabo San Lucas, GulfofCalifornia, dredged 46 m, (CS), 47.5 mm: 10-11. Ceraibo Island. West Mexico
(24°18'51"N; 109°55'30"W), (RH), 40.9 mm: 12. Protoconch (CS), scale bar0.5 mm; 13. Operculum (CS),
scale bar2 mm.
14-16.Austrotrophon cerrosensis (Dali, 1891)
14-15. OffCedros Island, Baja California, (CS), 35 mm; 16. GulfofCalifornia, (RH), 52.2 mm.
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R. HOUART NOVAPEX 1 1(1 ): 21-27, 20 mars 201
23
R. HOUART A rcmarkable new spccics o\'Zacciliophon
- Oldroyd (1927: 29) describcd Trophoii as SLibgcnus of Trophon Montrorl, 1810 tbr Trophon
(Austiotrophon) cataliiwnsis tVom San Podix>, (Zacatrophon) hechei (Herticin & Strong, 1951: 86).
Calitbmia. - Keen (1971: 537) inckidcd Zacatrophon and
- Hcrllcin & Strong (1948: 79) describcd Troplwn Austiotrophon in Trophoninae as subgcncra of
hi'fhei. Three years later tlic\ proposcd Zacaiiophon Trophon. The gcniis Forrcria vvas nol discussed.
Figures 17-20
17-18.Austrotrophon catalinensis (Oldroyd, 1927)
17. San Pedro, Califomia, (RH), 80.2 mm; 18. Catalina Island, California, (DP), 56.9 mm.
NW
19-20. Austrotrophon sp. Off Isla Smith, Bahia de Los Angeles, Baja Califomia, Mexico, 183 m, (CS),
36.9 mm.
- Abbott (1974) included Forreria in Rapaninae latter, absent in Zacatrophon andAustrotrophon.
(1974: 171) and Zacatrophon and Austrotrophon in - Kool (1993) illustrated shell, operculum and radula
Trophoninae, as subgenera ofTrophon (1974: 191). characters oi Forreria (1993: 164, fig. ID; 228, fig.
- Radwin & D'Attilio (1976: 176) listed ail thèse taxa 26) and noted that phylogenetic analysis revealed
in Thaididae. close relationship among Ocenebrinae Cossmann,
- Vaught (1989: 45) listed thèse taxa in Rapaninae. 1903 and Forreria, and excluded it from Rapaninae.
- Myers & Hertz (1990) illustrated radula and - McLean (1996: 82) followed Kool (1993) and placed
operculum characters oïZacatrophon and included the Austrotrophon in Ocenebrinae.
three taxa in Thaidinae. They also considered - Vokes (1996: 6) Also included Austrotrophon and
Zacatrophon and Austrotrophon as subgenera of Zacatrophon in Ocenebrinae but retained both as
Forreria notwithstanding the strong labral tooth in the subgenera oïForreria.
Figures 21-28. SEM ofradulae
21-23. Zacatrophon beebei (Hertlein & Strong, 1948), Mexico, Sonora, Guaymas, 27°52'12" N, 1 10°50'60" W,
SBMNH 93431 (scale bars: 100 yvm).
lA-lb.Austrotrophon cerrosensis (Dali, 891 Mexico Baja Califomia, Bahia Sébastian Vizcaino; dredged
1 ),
Latitude: 28°26'30" N, 114°35'60" W, SBMNH 93378 (scale bars: 24-25: 100 ^m; 26: 200 ^m).
27-28.A. catalinensis (Oldroyd, 1927), California, Los Angeles County, San Pedro Bay, 33°40'40" N,
1 18°17'32" W, SBMNH 100258 (scale bars: 27: 100 |.im; 28: 200 nm).
24
R.HOUART NOVAPEX 1 1(1 ): 21-27, 20 mars 201
25
.
R. HOUART A rcmarkablc iicw spccics ofZacalr<>/>li<)ii
The radula o\' Zimilrophon. Austrotrophoii and Proceedings ojthe U.S. National Muscuni
Funerlii (Figs 21-32) is closcly rclatcd tu 24(1264): 499-566.
Ocenebrinac. ha\ing the rachidian looth with a Hertlein, L.G. & Strong, A.M. 1948. Descriptions ofa
projecting central ciisp, a long latéral cusp with inncr new species ofTrophon from the Guifof
and oiiter latéral denticles on base, several marginal California. Bulletin ofthe South California
cusps and an ob\ious marginal cusp, as scen in AcademyofSciences 46(2): 79-80.
Ocenehra Gray, 1847 (Figs 33-34) and Niicclla Hertlein, L.G. & Strong, A.M. 1951. Eastern Pacific
Rciding. I79S (Figs 35-36). expéditions ofthe New York Zoological Society.
Due to close relationship of sliell, operculum and Mollusks from.the west coast ofMexico and
radula characters in (kciichra, Niicclla, Fonciia. Central America. Pt. 10, vol. 36(2): 67-120.
Zacairopho)} and Aiistrotrophon (except the présence Hinds, R.B., 1844. Descriptions ofnew species of
ofa labral tooth in Forrcria), 1 will aiso follow Kool Scalaria and Murex from the collection ofSir
(1993) and McLean (1996) and group ail thèse taxa as Edward Belcher, C.B. Proceedings ofthe
separate gênera within Ocenebrinac. ZoologicalSocietyofLondon (1843), 12:124-129
Keen, A.M.1971. Sea Shells ofTropical West
ACKNONVled(;e.vients America, 2d Ed. Stanford University Press,
Stanford, Calif, 1064 pp.
1 am \ery gratcfui lo Carol Skoglund, Phoenix, Jousseaume, F. 1881. Diagnoses de mollusques
Arizona, U.S.A for the loan and gift of many nouveaux. Le Naturaliste44: 349-350.
spécimens from her collection, and for the correction Kool, S.P. 1993. Phylogenetic analysis ofthe
ofthe tlrst draft ofthis paper. I am also most indebted Rapaninae (Neogastropoda: Muricidae).
to Henry W. Chaney and to Daniel Geiger, Santa Malacologia 35{2): 155-259.
Barbara Muséum of Natural History, California, McLean, J.H. 1996. Taxonomic Atlas ofthe benthic
U.S.A., forextracting the radulae and for the Scanning faunaofthe Santa Maria Basin and Western Santa
Electron Microscope photographs of Zacatrophon, Barbara Channel. Vol. 9 - The Moliusca Part 2 -
Aiistrotrophon and Forrcria, and to Anders Warén The Gastropoda - The Prosobranchia. Santa
(Natural History Muséum, Stockholm, Sweden) for Barbara Muséum ofNatural History: 1-160.
préparation and SEM work ofthe radulae ofOcenehra Myers, B.W. & Hertz, CM. 1990. Forrcria
and Niicclla). Thanks also to H.W. Chaney and to (Zacatrophon) beebei(Hertlein & strong, 1948)
Virginie Héros (Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, (Muricidae: Thaidinae). TheFestivus 22(4): 32-36.
Paris, France), for bibliographie research, and to Don OIdroyd, l.S. 1927. The marine shells ofthe west
Pisor, San Diego, California, U.S.A for the loan of coast ofNorth America. Stanford University
some comparative material. Publications, Univ. séries, Geological Science, vol.
2, Gastropoda, Scaphopoda and Amphineura, pt. 2,
REFERENCES pp. 1-304, pis. 30-72
Radwin, G.E. & D'Attilio, A. 1976. Murex Shells of
Abbott, R.T. 1974. American Seashells, 2nd. Ed. Van the World. An illustrated guide to the Muricidae.
Nostrand Reinhold, N.Y., 663 pp. Stanford University Press, Stanford, 284 pp.
Dali, W. H. 1891. Scientiflc results ofexplorations by Skoglund, C. 1988. Deep watershells from offIsla
the U.S. Fish Commission steamer "Albatross". Smith, Bahia de Los Angeles, Baja California,
XX. On some new or interesting West American Mexico. The Festivus 20(1 1): 1 10-1 16.
shells obtained from the .. "Albatross", 1888, and Vaught, K.C.1989. A Classification ofthe Living
from othersources. Proceedings ofthe U.S. Moliusca. American Malacologists, Melbourne,
NationalMuséum 14(849): 173-191 Fia, i-xii, 189 pp.
Dali, W.H. 1902. Illustrations and descriptions ofnew, Vokes, E.H. 2002. One last look at Muricidae.
unfiguredor imperfectly known shells, chiefly American Conchologist24(4): 4-6.
American, in the U.S. National Muséum.
Figures 29-36. SEM ofradulae
29.Austrotrophon catalinensis (OIdroyd, 1927), California, Los Angeles County, San Pedro Bay, 33°40'40" N,
1 18°17'32" W, SBMNH 100258 (scale bars: 200 ^m).
30-32. Forreriabelcheri (Hinds, 1844). California, Los Angeles County, 33°42'0" N, 1 18°16'0" W, SBMNH
99550 (scale bars: 200 \im).
33-34. Ocenehra erinaceiis (Linnaeus, 1758), France, Brittany, Oleron (RH) (scale bars: 33: 10 |.im; 34: 20 \im).
35-36. Nucella heyseana Dunker, 1882, Korea, Sokch'o (RH) (scale bars: 35: 100 )um; 36: 10 uni).
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