A European Security Architecture after the Cold War: Questions of Legitimacy

248 Pages·2000·2.54 MB·English

by  Gülnur Aybet (auth.)

A European Security
Architecture after the Cold
War
Questions of Legitimacy
Gülnur Aybet
A European Security Architecture after the Cold War
Also by Gülnur Aybet
THE DYNAMICS OF EUROPEAN SECURITY COOPERATION, 1945–91
A European Security
Architecture after the
Cold War
Questions of Legitimacy
Gülnur Aybet
Assistant Professor
Department of International Relations
Bilkent University
Ankara
Turkey
First published in Great Britain 2000 by
MACMILLAN PRESS LTD
Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and London
Companies and representatives throughout the world
Acatalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
ISBN 978-1-349-40432-2 ISBN 978-0-230-59855-3 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9780230598553
First published in the United States of America 2000 by
ST. MARTIN’S PRESS, LLC,
Scholarly and Reference Division,
175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010
ISBN 978-0-312-23057-9
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Aybet, Gülnur.
AEuropean security architecture after the Cold War : questions of legitimacy /
Gülnur Aybet.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-0-312-23057-9 (cloth)
1. National security—Europe. 2. Europe—Defenses. I. Title.
UA646 .A9723 2000
355'.03304—dc21
99–053379
©Gülnur Aybet 2000
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2000 978-0-333-71926-8
All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made
without written permission.
No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written
permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act
1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright
Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1P0LP.
Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to
criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.
The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with
the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained
forest sources.
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To my parents
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Contents
List of Diagrams ix
Preface x
Acknowledgements xiii
Glossary xiv
Introduction 1
Outline, aims and purposes 1
Sources and methodology 4
1. Theories of Integration 9
Federalist theory 12
Functionalism 16
Neo-functionalism 21
Regime theory 26
The utility of theories 37
2. The Origins of Postwar European Integration 40
The Federalist movement 41
Allied postwar planning and the Marshall Plan 48
The limitations of a third force movement in Western Europe 57
Conclusion 65
3. The Testing Ground for Postwar European Integration: the 1950s 69
1950–1954: Security cooperation as part of a wider integration
process 70
1954–1959: Security cooperation divorced from the European
integration process 82
Conclusion 91
4. The Search for a European Dimension in the Alliance: the
1960s & 1970s 93
The political dimension 94
The nuclear dimension 105
The economic dimension 120
The EC’s foreign policy and security initiatives in the 1970s 126
Conclusion 128
vii
viii The Dynamics of European Security Cooperation, 1945–91
5. The Abandonment–Entrapment Years: the 1980s 131
The Genscher–Colombo Plan and the European Act 134
Franco–German security cooperation 139
The Euromissile crisis and its effects on European security
cooperation 142
The European non-response to SDI: problems of coordination 144
The revival of the Western European Union 149
The IEPG in the 1980s 158
Conclusion 161
6. Setting the Foundations for European Security Cooperation in
the 1990s: 1990–1991 164
The transition of European security cooperation into the
post-Cold War era 167
Drafting the concept of interlocking institutions 178
Challenges to the European security regime in the post-Cold
War era 191
7. Conclusion 196
Notes 205
Bibliography 223
Index 229
List of Diagrams
Diagram 1: The integration process in federalism 15
Diagram 2: The integration process in functionalism 20
Diagram 3: The integration process in neo-functionalism 25
Diagram 4: Outline of a regime 32
Diagram 5: The development of regimes 34
Diagram 6: 1940s: Establishing the framework for postwar
European integration 66
Diagram 7a: 1950–1954: Security cooperation as part of a wider
process of European integration 81
Diagram 7b: 1954–1958: Security cooperation divorced from the
wider process of European integration 90
Diagram 8: 1960s: The search for a European dimension in the
alliance: the political dimension 101
Diagram 9a: 1960s: The nuclear dimension 111
Diagram 9b: 1960s: The nuclear dimension 116
Diagram 10: 1960s & 1970s: The economic dimension 125
Diagram 11: 1970s: Introducing a foreign and security policy into
the EC 129
Diagram 12: 1980s: The abandonment–entrapment years 133
Diagram 13a: 1980s: The abandonment–entrapment years 138
Diagram 13b: 1980s: The abandonment–entrapment years 141
Diagram 14a: 1980s: The abandonment–entrapment years 148
Diagram 14b: 1980s: The abandonment–entrapment years 157
Diagram 15: 1990s: The development of the European security
regime 176
ix