A dictionary, English and Punjabee, outlines of grammar, also dialogues, English and Punjabee

1849·20.7 MB·English

by  Starkey, Samuel Cross

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Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2008 with funding from
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DICTIONARY,
ENGLISH AND PUNJABEE,
OUTLINES OF GRAMMAR,
ALSO
DIALOGUES, ENGLISH AND PUNJABEE,
WITH
GRAMMAR AND EXPLANATORY NOTES-
BY CAPTAIN STARKEY,
3rd Regt. Sikh Local Infantry,
ASSISTED BY BUSSAWA SING, JEMADAR.
CALCUTTA:
PRINTED BY D'ROZARIO AND CO., TANK-SQUARE.
1849.
-^Hj^^
s, /I, ruA^t^
TO
THE BENEVOLENT FOUNDER
OF
^Ije flatoitna ^^glum,
THIS WORK
WITH MUCH RESPECT AND ESTEEM,
IS,
DEDICATED AND PUBLISHED
FOR THE BENEFIT OF
THAT NOBLE INSTITUTION,
BY
THB AVTHOB.
264225

The system of Orthography adopted throughout
this work, is exhibited below, and will, it is hoped, assist
the reader in the pronunciation of each word.
Powers of the Vowels.
a pronounced as a in woman and adrift.
a a tar, oar.
,,
ai >> ai aisle.
e e bed, red.
e >> a day, say.
ee 5> i police, or ee in beer.
i >» i fin, sin.
6 6 bone, sown.
00 00 book, took.
GO 00 wool, moor.
OU OU our, sour.
,
u u sun, run.
J
ue , y chyle.
y y first syllable of tyranny
y y my.
ya ya yawn.
ye ea yea.
yo yo yoke.
yoo OU you.
,
Powers of the Consonants.
>as in English,
p
t has a soft sound, as in tube, and a harsh one, as in tongue.
s as in sm.
as injudge.
j
ch as in church.
h as h, forcibly expressed.
d has a soft sound, as in due, and a harsh one, a& in dull.
z as in zeal.
r as in river.
sh as in shine.
The Double Consonants
bh, ph, th, d,h, chh, jh, kh, gi, are, says Shakespear on
pronunciation, aspirated sensibly butclosely expressed as oneletter. The
late Dr. Gilchristgives thefollowingexamplesin his **Hindoostanee Phi-
lology," a-bhor, a-d,here, u-p^hill, chur-ch,hill, nu-thook, mil-khouse,
do-g,house, or by contracting them thus, b,hor, d.here, thook, ch^hill,
k,hous, g^hous.
Gutturals.
kh
a peculiar guttural sound, formed with a slight tremulous motion
t)f the throat, like the Scottish gh, or the German ch.
gh pronounced g, uttered inapeculiar mannerdeeply from the throat,
much like the Northumberland r, or as the soundgha, gha, gha, formed
in gargling.
q as k, uttered with the root of the tongue pressed back on the throat,
BO as to check the voice gently, and to occasion a clinking sound.