A Collection of Meteorological Tables with Other Tables Useful in Practical Meteorology

230 Pages·1852·11.146 MB·English

by  Arnold Guyot

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COLLECTION
METEOROLOGICAL TABLES,
OTHER TABLES USEFUL LN PRACTICAL METEOROLOGY.
PREPAKED BY ORDER OF THE SMITHSOOTAN INSTITUTION
ARNOLD GUYOT.
WASHINGTON:
PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.
1852.
CAMBRIDGE:
STEREOTYPED BY METCALF AND COMPANY,
PRINTERS TO THE UNIVBRSITT.
TO PROF. JOSEPH HENRY,
— Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution.
Sir,
In compliance with yourinstructions, I have preparedthe collection of
Meteorological Tables contained in the following pages. I have en-
deavoredto renderituseful, not onlyto the observers engaged in the sys-
tem of Meteorological Observations now in operation tinderthe direction
ofthe Smithsonian Institution,forwhom itwasimmediately designed,but
also to any Meteorologist who may desire to compare and to work out
portions of the vast amount of Meteorological Observations already ac-
cumulatedin the stores ofscience.
The reduction of the observations andthe extensive comparisons,with-
outwhich Meteorology cando but little,require an amount ofmechanical
laborwhich renders it impossible for most observers to deduce forthem-
selves the results of theirown observations. The difficultyis still further
increased by the diversity of the thermometrical and barometrical scales
which Meteorologists, faithfulto old habits rather than to science andto
reason, choose to retain, notwithstanding the additional labor they thus
gratuitously assume to themselves. To relieve the Meteorologist of a
great portion of this labor, by means of tables sufficiently extensive to
render calculations and even interpolations unnecessary, is to save his
time andhisforces infavorof scienceitself, and thus materially contribute
toits advancement. Butmostof the tables useful in Meteorology being
scattered through manyvolumes, which are often notof easy access,this
collection will be, it is hoped, acceptable to the friends of Meteorology,
and will supply a wantvery much felt in this department of the physical
In the selection of the matter, I have been guided by the ideathat the
tables which I sought formy own use might also be those most likelyto
be wanted by others. But I wish the following to be considered as a
firstcollection, containing onlythe tables most appropriate to the present
purpose. They are, therefore, arranged in different and independent series,
with distinct paging, but constituting together a frame-work into which
anytables maybereadilyinsertedwhenwanted, eitherto makethe collec-
tion more complete, orto presentachoice of tables calculated from some-
whatdifferentelements, oradaptedto various methods ofcalculation.
,
The measurement of heights by means of the barometer being inti-
mately connectedwith Meteorology, it was thought not inappropriate to
admitintothis collectionHypsometrical Tables,destinedtorenderthiskind
ofcalculations more easy andmore rapid, and thus toincreasethetaste for
a method so useful in physical geography. I have preferredthe tables of
Delcros, as uniting in the greatestdegree simplicity andaccuracy. Those
of Gauss, Bessel, and Baily may be given afterwards.
Everytable contains directions for its use, when necessary; moreover,
the indication of the elements used in its calculation, and of the source
from which ithas been taken. When no remark is made as to this last
point, the table has been expressly calculated forthis volume; in this case
itis markedwith an asterisk (*) in the generaltable ofcontents.
Veryrespectfully,
Your obedient servant,
A. GUYOT.
Cambridge, Mass., December 15th, 1851.
CONTENTS.
ThecollectionofMeteorologicalTables iscomposedofsixdifferentseriesoftables,eachseries
withadistinctpagingrunningthroughthewholeset,andto befoundat thebottomofthepages.
Thefiguresattheheadofthe pagesindicatethefolios ofeach table for itself. In the following
table ofcontents, thefiguresineachseriesreferto thefolioatthebottomofthepage.
I.
THERMOMETRICAL TABLES.
Comparison of the Thermometrical Scales.
Table I. ComparisonofFahrenheit's Scale with—the Centi.grad.e an.d Re.au-
mur's, fulldegrees, from-|-212° to 39", 5
" II. ComparisonoftheCentigrade Scalewith Reaumur.'sa.ndF.ahren-
heit's,fulldegrees, from+100° to-1-50% 7
" III. ComparisonofReaumur's Scale with Fahrenheit'.san.d th.eCe.nti-
grade,fulldegrees, from +80'' to+40°, 7
" IV.* Conversion of Degrees of Fahrenheit into Centigrade Degrees,
foreverytenthofadegree, from +122° to—76° F., . 8
" v.* Conversionof Degreesof Fahrenheit intoDegrees of Reaumur,
forevery tenthofadegree,from +122° to —38° F., . .13
" VI.* Conversion of Centigrade Degrees into Degrees of Fahrenheit,
—
for every tenth of a degree, from+50° to 54°, and from
+100° to+89° C, 17
" VII. ConversionofCentigrade Degrees into Degreesof Reaumur,for
—
everytenth ofadegree,from +40° to 40° C, . . 20
" VIII.* ConversionofDegreesofReaumur into Degrees of Fahrenheit,
foreverytenth ofadegree,from +40° to—40° R,, . .21
VI < CONTENTS.
Tabt.e IX. Conversion ofDegrees of Reaumurinto Centigrade Degrees, for
—
everytenth ofadegree,from -[-40° to 40° R., . . .23
" X.* Value of any Number of Degrees of Fahrenheit in Centigrade
Degrees, 24
..........
" XL* Value of any Number of Degrees of Fahrenheit in Degrees of
Reaumur, 24
" XII.* Value of any Number of Centigrade Degrees in Degrees of
Reaumur, 24
..........
" XIII.* Value ofanyNumberofCentigrade DegreesinDegreesof Fah-
renheit, 25
" XIV.* Value of any Number of Degrees of Reaumur in Centigrade
Degrees, 25
.........
" XV.* Value of any Number of Degrees of Reaumur in Degrees of
Fahrenheit, 25
II.
HYGROMETRICAL TABLES.
...
Table [. Elastic ForcesofAqueousVapors,byRegnault, ... 6
" II. Elastic ForcesofAqueousVapors, byAugust, 8
" 111. PsychrometricalTables fordeducingthe Force ofVapor,andthe
Relative Humidityfrom the Indications of the Psychrometer,
orWet-Bulb Hygrometer,by T. Haeghens, . . . .13
" IV. For deducing the Relative Humidity expressed in Hundredths,
fromthe Indications ofDew-PointInstruments,byT.Haeghens, 29
" V. Fordeducing the Relative Humidity expressed in Hundredths,
from the Indications of Saussure's Hair-Hygrometer, by T.
Haeghens, 35
APPENDIX.
Tablesfor Comparingthe QuantitiesofRain-Water.
Table I.* ConversionofCentimetresinto EnglishInches, . . . .40
" II.* Conversion ofCentimetresintoParisorFrenchInchesandLines, 40
" III.* ConversionofEnglishInchesintoCentimetres, . . . 41
" IV.* Conversionof English Inches into Paris or French Inches and
Lines, 41