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Copyrig© h1t9 80b yt heN ew YorkS tatHei storiAcsasloc iation
Allr ighrtess erved.
LibraorfyC ongreCsast alCoagr dN umber7:9 -90527
ISBN:0 -917334-04-3
Printiendt heU niteSdt atoefsA merica
Typograpfohry h alf-tpiatgleae n dt itplaeg eh ands eta tT heF armerMsu's eum.
CONTENTS
6
IllustraatnidMo anpss
7
Acknowledgements
9
Introduction
14
TheG ilbeFratm ily
17
Thed iarayn dt hed iarist
19
Editormieatlh od
21
BenjamGiinl berdti'asr y
1785-17887 7
Letters
82
AppendAi x• Lisotf A rticles
83
AppendBi xG ·ilbeFratm ilRye cord
C 84
Appendix• B allad
85
Bibliography
87
Index
ILLUSTRATIONS
Gilbedrita rtyi tplaeg e 8
BenjamGiinl berOtt'sse gCoo unthyo use 16
TheG ilbedroto rknocker1 7
Gilbergtr'asv eston1e9
Viewo fW estP oin1t7,8 3 20
22
Firspta geo fG ilberdti'asr y
WestP oinfrto m ForPtu tnam followi3n1g
Gloverr'esg imelneta viMnagr blehead3 3
Soldieirnrs a ggebda ttdlree ss 35
Regimentbault ton 44
NortBhr ookfielMda,s sachuset64t s
Lieutenaunnti'fso rTmh,i rMda ssachusReetgtism ent 72
Lisotf a rticplaegse, froGmi lberdti'asr y 76
MAPS
Massachusceat.1t 7s8,0 24
WestP oincta,1. 7 80 28
TheH udsoHni ghlandsfo llowi3n1g
NortheWrne stchesCtoeurn ty 47
RufusP utnams'kse tcohfS tonPyo int 53
74
Theatoefro perations
Sitoef t heG ilbefarrtm 78
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS professeomre rituBso;b Rhodesa nd Marilyn
Spruchmaonf theW indhamC ollegLei brary,
PutneyV,e rmontH;. Dean BresnahaMn.,D .,
Thea ssistatnhcaaetn a uthoorre ditroerc eiveBsr attlebVoerrom,o ntR;o berEt. G rossM,. D.o,f
int hec oursoef p roducian bgo oki ss ometimeHsa rvarMde dicaSlc hoolp,r ofesseomre ritus;
truliym presscievret,a isnoli ynt hep resecnats e.L aurEa. H .K remerM,. D.F,r ederiMcakr,y land;
Twoi ndividhuaavlems a deo utstandcionngt ribuWilliaFm. K remerM,. D.F,r ederiMcakr,y land;
tiontsot hee ditianngdp ublicaotfit ohneG ilberAtn drewH . HarrisBsr,i gG.e n.,R et.A;l lan
diaryB:e njamiDn. Gilbergtr,e at-grgeraatn dBoudreaouft heG randL odgeL ibraarnyd M u
�ono ft hed iarihsatsb, e ena sourcoefe ncourageseumo ft heS tatoefN ewY orkE;t heHl. E dwards;
menta nda dvicfreo m theb eginniwnhge,n t he Mrs.C .R .R ichardsAolnl;e Wn. Fingeorf t he
projewcatsi nitiaatsae dm astert'hse sWiist.h outA mericaFnl agI nstitAuntiet;Ha o eckeorf t he
hiss upporptu,b licatmiiognh tn oth aveb een FishkHiilslt oriScoacli etDyo;n alEd. K lostoefr
possibClleo.r inCdlaa rkhea sp rovidiendv aluabtlheeS mithsonIinasnt ituRtiicohna;Jr .dK okeo ft he
adviacned h asm adee xtensciovnet ributtoit ohnes N ew-YorHki storiScocaile tyM;i chaeJl.M cAfee
workt hroughhe re xploitaotfis oonu rcmea teriaolf t heW estP oinMtu seumW;i llSak inneTro,w n
inN ew YorkC itys,u ggestioonne sd itortieaclh ofF ishkiHlils toriRainc;h arKd. WrighJtr,. o f
niquei,n workinwgi thP atricBioaw e in the theU .SA.r myC enteorfM ilitaHriys torWya,s h
productoifom na ps,a ndi nl ocatinogt heirl lusingtoDn.,C .t;o M arioBnr ophoyf t heN ew York
tratimvaet eriIa la.m alsion debtteodH arrieStt atHei storiAcsasloc iatiloinb raforry h era dvice
RogersT,o wn of MiddlefieHlids toriwahno, and assistainnc ceo mparinmgy transcription
devotmeda nyd ayst ol ocatitnhge G ilbehrotm ewitthh eo rigidniaalr ayn;d t oA delJeo hnsofonr
steaadn d arranfogri pnhgo tograopfht sh eb uildassistawnictehg raphiIc so.w e a specidaelb t
ingsa,n dw hosien tensrievsee arhcahsu neartheodf g ratittuodWe e ndelTlr ippw hoses cholarly
essentiianlfo rmatioonn BenjamiGni lberta'bsi lietxyp,e rrte visiaonndsg ,e nerosupsi rwietr e
Middlefieyleda rMsy. thankfosr extenshievlep a paramouinntfl uenocnet her efinemeonftt his
generougsilvye anl sgoo t o:t hes taofff t heN ew projefrcotm incepttiooc no mpletiAo finn.a le x
YorkS tatHei storiAcsaslo ciatliiobnr artyh;e pressioofdn e epa ppreciagtoieotsno m y parents
staffa tB rookMse moriaLli brarByr,a ttleboforro t,h eiirn valuaebdliet insgo,u nda dvicaen,d
VermontD;r .H enryY oungD,i ckinsCoonl legeu,n ceasisnugp poarntd e ncouragement.
REBECCDA. S YMMES
7
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BenjaGmiilnb etritpt'alsegB ey.e rrhoerw ,r o"tI7e 7 9.T" hed iaarcyt ubaelgliyin n1s 77 8P.h obtyoK athBroyanr dman
THED IARYO F BENJAMIGNI LBERT
RebeccDa. S ymmes
INTRODUCTION
enemieosfm en-at-arms-phdyissiccoamlfo arntd
1 1775 boredom.
April9 , wasa beautisfuplr indga yi n
Aftesre rvinnign dea yass a minutemaGni,l bert
easteMrans sachuseTthtes B.r itish regulars who
enlisitnet dh er egulaarrm yw heni tw aso rganized
marchefrdo m Bostotnod estrAomye ricsaunp plies
byt heC ontinenCtoanlg reisnst �ed ayfosl lowing
atL exingtaonndC oncorcdo ulndo th avew ished
Lexingtaonnd ConcordH.e servefodr three
for mores alubriwoeuast heUrn.fo rtunatfeolry
monthsa sa fiferi nC aptaiPne teHra rwood's
themt,h ed ryr oadasn dc leasrk ya lsaon imated
Companyo fC oloneElb enezeLre arnedR'esg i
thes piraintdsfa cilitattheemd o vemenotfs warms
menta,n dt ookp arta tt hitsi mei nt heB attle
ofm inutemwehno l eftth eM assachusceotutnst ry
of BunkerH illA. subsequeenntl istmceonnt
sidteo c onverugpeo nt her outoef t her etreating
tinuehdi ss erviicnHe a rwoodc'osm pantyh rough
redcoats. 1776.2
By endo fd ay,s corelsa yd eada,n da bitter,
� When thea rmyw asr eorganibzye Cdo ngress
eight-ysetarru ggfolre t hei ndependeonfct ee
too ffsetth em anye nlistmeanbtosu tt oe xpire
Americacno loniheasd b egunE.v entwse rem 1776,
att hee ndo ft hey ear Gilbeerntl istiend
motiotnh atw oulda ffectth el iveosf m illions
ColoneRlu fus Putnam'Fsi fthMa ssachusetts
int hel ongr un;a ndw ouldi mmediatterlayn s
Regimenwth,i cPhu tnama, B rookfienledi ghbor,
form thel iveosft het housanwdhso t ookp art.
wasr aisiinngW orcestCeoru ntyI.n Julyt he
One among thoset housanodfs men who
regimemnatr chetdo F ortE dwarda ndt ookp art
marchetdo t hes cenoef b attlwea sB enjamin
in thec ampaigang ainsGte neraBlu rgoyne.
Gilbeorftt heT owno fB rookfieslodm,e fo rty-five
Thoughi ti sn otm entioniends tandaarcdc ounts,
milesso uthweosft C oncordN.o t yett wenty,
Putnamr'esg imetnoto pka ritn B enediAcrtn old's
heh ade nlisatsea dfi feri nt her egimeonfCt o lonel
assauolnt t heG ermanr edoubitnt heB attolfe
JonathaWna rner.H isc ompanoyf m inutemen, 7.
BemiHse ighotnsO ctoberA ndi tw asa ctively
commandebdy CaptaiJno nathaBna rnesw,a s
engageidn subsequeanctt iolne adintgo Bur
oneo ft hreweh icmha rchefdr omB rookfietlhda t
goynes'usr ren3d er.
day1. T hisb eganG ilberatr'msy c areerc-aar eer
Durintgh iesn listmwehnitc,eh x pirJeadn uary
whichw ast ol astth ed uratioofnt heR evolu
171,7 80,
Gilbesretr veinda compancyo mmanded
tionaWrayr .
1775 1778, by CaptaiJno sepMho rsew,h o wase xtremely
Sometimbee tween and heb egatno
actiivnet hee ngagemenattSs a ratoagnad,t hen
recorhdi se xperienicnea s d iarTyh.a tp ortion
1778 1780 1782b y CaptaiDna nieSlh aysH.e wasp ro�otetdo
coveritnhgey ears to andp arotf
sergeaantt t heb eginnionfg t hee nlistment,
aree nterienda one-voludmiea rayn dl etterbook
nowi nt hel ibraorfty h eN ewY orkS tatHei storical
AssociatTieorns.ae n,d m arkebdy q uainstp elling2C ommonweaolftM ha ssachuMsasestatcsh,u seSlollsd iers
andu ncertapiunn ctuatiioton ff,e rsa glimpsean d Sailoorfs t heR evolutioWnaarr y( 17v olsB.o;s ton,
1896-19s0.8"v)B.,e njaGmiilnb ear�dt""B en�jianG ilburt";
ofa youngs oldiwehro t ookp aritn g r�ete ventsU niteSdt atNeast ionAarlc hivMetsh,t aSreyr viRceec ords,
butw hoset imei,n t hem annero fs oldiewrass, FilWel 9498B,e njamGiinl be5rtthM, a ssachuRseegtitmse nt;
devotetdop reparatfoiro bna ttltehsa otf tednid DictionoafrA ym ericaBni ograpsh.yv",. E beneLzeearr ned";
_ FreemanJ'osu rna(lC oopersNt.oYw.nJ),a, n ua2r8y1, 8 28.
notc ome,a nd to combattitnhgo see ndemic
3 RowenBau eleld,. T,h eM emoirosf R ufusP utnaamn d
CertaOiffinc iaPla perasn dC orrespond(eBnocset aonndN ew
York1,9 03p)p,.6 7-6C9h;r istoWpahredrT, h eW aro ft he
'JH.. T emplHei,s toorfyN ortBhr ookfieMlads,s achuseRlelvso luteiodn.b, y J ohnR ichaArldd e(n2 v olsN.e;w Y ork,
(Towonf N ortBhr ookfi1e8l8d7p,). 2, 2 8. 1952I)I,5, 2 6-30, 534.
9
THE DIARY OBFE NJAMING ILBERT
wasp romotetdo s ergeamnatj oru nderM orse,l ieuteniannt th eT hirMda ssachusReetgtism ent
ands erveadsq uartermassetregre awnitt Shh ays.a nd servewdi tht hatu niti nN ew York,a nd
InD ecembe1r7,7 9h,e w asp romotetdoe nsignp,o ssibfolry a timei nN ew Jersetyi,lt lh ee nd
thel owescto mmissionreadn ki n thea rmy of1 7837 H.i sc ommissiornaendki nt hirse giment
equivalteont th es amer anki nt heU niteSdt atesa ndi nt heF iftMha ssachusreetgtism eennta bled
Navyt oda4y . himt oj oitnh eS ocietoyf t heC incinnfoautnid,e d
WhenG ilbertth'rse e-yeenalri stmeenndte di n nearF ishkiNlelw, Y orki,n 1 783.
Januaroyf 1780h,e againr e-enlisUtnefodr.
tunateleyx,i stimnigl itasreyr virceec ordfosr � Mosto f BenjamiGni lbermti'lsi tacrayr eer
thipse rioadr ei ncompleatned,G ilberdti'asr yw ass penitn N ew YorkS tatmeu,c ho fi ti nt he
isn otc leaarb outt hem ilitanrayt uroef his Highlanodfs t hel owerH udsonV alleTyh.i s
activiitni1 e7s8 0-17I8t1d .o esa ppeatrh ath e wasa regioonfi mmensset rateigmipco rtanIcne .
enjoyead fu rlougaht h omefo llowinhgi sd isSeptemboefr1 77t6h eB ritish caNpetwu Yroerdk
chargoen J anuar1y7 ,1 780T.h ena,f terre ceiviCnigt ayn doc cupieidtfo r ther esotf t hew arT.h e
hise nsignc'osm missioonn Februar2y1 ,h e Hudsonn,a vigabfrloem New Yorkt oA lbany,
remaineadt home whiled rawinpgr ovisiownass,a na venuteh aBtr itilsahn da ndn avafolr ces
draftisnogm ew arrantasn,d enlistriencgr uitcso.u luds et os eparaNteew Englanfrdo m the
He alsmoa dea t ritpoB ostoonn," businefrsosm, " other staantdet so p rovidae d ireclti nkw ith
Apri1l2 t oA pri2l0 ,1 780d,u rinwgh ichhe s pentC anadaT.h eH ighlanadssW ,a shingtiomnm edi
$1400Fo.r s everoaflt hesmeo nthisn B rookfielda,te lrye alizweedr,et hem ainb ulwarakg aintshti s
he was in recruitsienrgv icHei.s r egimenttahlr eaatn,d i n1 776h eb egane stablisshtirnogn g
commandeRru,fu s Putnams,e nste veroaffilc ersp ositiaolnosn gt heH udsona ts uchp laceass
backt oM assachusteote tnsl irsetc ruiattt sh isS tonyP ointV,e rplancPkosi ntP,e ekskialnld,,
timea nde videntglayv eh iso rderdsi recttloy m osti mportaonfta lla,t a ndn earW estP oint.
Gilbearstn ,o teidn t hed iareyn trfoyr March2 8, In1 777a nd1 778t hefo rtificataitoW ness tP oint
17805 . weres trengtheannedd B ritipsahs saguep the
He maden o furtheern tri·eisnt hed iaruyn tilH udsowna si mpedebdy a chain-boaocmr otshse
Januar2y7 ,1 782o,n w hicdha thee w asa gaiinn riveart W estP oinatn da tF ortM ontgomery,
BrookfielHde.w asp erhaopnsfu rlougohrp ossiblay fe w miledso wnt her iver.
againo n army busineosfs some kind.H e BenjamGiinl bercto'msm andeRru,fu sP utnam,
latedre clartehda frto m Apri1l9 ,1 775t ot hee nd wasa n enginewehro h adt ouretdh eH ighlands
of1 783",I c onstanctolnyt inuteobd e m usteredfo,r GeneraWla shingtionnN ovembe1r7 76a nd
dod utya,n dr eceipvaeya ccordtiont gh ed ifferenhta dp reparae dp lanfo r establisdheifenngs ive
Situatiinow nh icht her egulatoifot nh eA rmy positiFoonlsl. owitnhgeB attolfeS aratoPgau,t
placemde ."H6i sd iareyn dsw itha n entrfoyr nam andt heF iftMha ssachusReetgtism enwte re
March2 2,1 782i nw hichh e notetsh ath e is sentto W estP ointto s trengtthheefon r tifications
agairne turnitnogc amp. theraen dt hent ot akep arti nt hed efenseo f
Durintgh ep erio1d7 80-17m8o3s,t o fw hicht heH ighlan8 dTsh.u sd,u rintgh ec ampaigns of
isn otc overebdy hisd iarBy,e njamiGni lbert1'7s7 8a nd1 779t,h ey earesm phasizienGd i lbert's
regimewnats b aseidn N ew YorkS tatHee. was diartyh,e F iftMha ssachusReetgtism enwta si n
atW estP oinfotr a timea ndt heno n servicnee arlcyo nstamnotv emenitn t hel oweHru dson
witthh el ighitn fantriynN ew Jerseayn di nt he Vallefryo,m WestP ointto s outheWrne stchester
HudsonV alleayt D obbsF errayn dV erplancCkosu ntayn di ntCoo nnecticut.
PointI.n Juneo f1 783h e wasc ommissioneIdn Septembeorf 1778W,a shingtpoln aced
7 MassachuSsoelld/aisne Sdra si lso.rv".Bs e,n jamGiinl bert";
'MassachuSsoelldlaisne Sdra si lso.rv".Bs e,n jamGiinl bert"B;u elPlu, tnpapm8.,6 -89J;o hnC .F itzpaterdi.cT,kh ,eW ritings
NationAarlc hivFeisl,We l 9498. ofG eorWgaes hin(g3t9vo onl sW.a;s hingtDo.n,C .1,9 31-
'Putnatmo J eremiPaohw eliln,B uelPlu, tnap.m1 ,42 . 1944)X,X IV:46X6X;V :1 544,9 3X;X VII:33.
'NationAarlc hivFeisl,We 1 9498. 'B uelPl,u tnappm.6, 5 ,1 29-30.
IO
Introduction
GenerIaslr aPeult naimn c ommanadt D anburyT,h e signatlo a dvancwea sg iveann d within
ConnectiacnudGt e,n erMaclD ougailncl o mmand minutetsh,eA mericahnasdt aketnh efo rtA.l most
oft heH ighlanIdns. a ddititoon t hes everatlh e enBtriirteifo srhc eo fm oret ha5n00 menw as
brigadceosv eritnhgew estearnn ds outheernx killewdo,u ndedo,r captureTdh.e gunsw ere
posuroefts h eH udson River, Wadsehciindgetidom nm ediatteulrnye do nt heB ritiastVh e rplancks
tol ocatsei bxr igadiensc,l udBienngj amGiinl bertP'osi natn,d c aptursetdo raensd s poiwlesr ec arted
regimeanttt ,h eW estP oinctr ossiTnhgr.e eo f offA.s parto ft hep lanB,e njamiGni lbert's
theb rigadweesr er esponsfoirb tlhee i mmediatree gimehnatd m ovedd ownt owarPde ekskiinla l
defenosfet heH ighlanodnse,a dditiobnrailg addei versioancatriyoS nt.o nPyo inwta sa bandoned
wass tatioanteW de stP oinwti,t thh er emaininbgy W ayne'vsi ctorliioguhsit n fantrsiyn cietw as
twob rigadpeoss taetdF ishkainldln eaPre ekskicloln.s idemrieldi taurnitleyn abalned,t heB ritish,
Ina ddititooin t asl reaidmyp ortafnutn ctiaosn sparetdh ec onteosftr etakiSntgo nPyo inbty
a majors uppldye pofotr Washingtoanr'msy ,fo rceq,u ietmloyv ed baicn1k.1
Fishkbielcla met hec enteforr patriloitn eosf StonPyo inwta sn oto nlay m ilithairgyh liogfh t
communicatwihoenn t he. Britsiesihz eSdt onyG ilberdti'asri ytw, a sa lsao h ighligthhteR eovfo
Poinatn dV erplanPcokisn 9 t. lutiTohne.d arinnag tuorfet her aiadn,d t hec on
Thisw asa relatiqvueileypt e rioidnt hew ar.s ummatsek iwlilt whh icihtw ase xecuteexdc,i ted
InN ew Yorkc,o ntendfoirncge osb serveeadc h tirepda triaontdsr enewecdo nfidenicnet heir
othecro nstanatnldty h eB ritimsahd eoc casionacla useT.h ise xcitemesnttr,o ngelvyi deinntt he
foraysfr om New YorkC ityI.n J une1,7 79S,i r Gilbedrita rcyo,n tinueevde na fteBrr itifosrhc es
HenryC linttorna nspoar tbeodd yo ft roopusp regainceodn trooflt hefo rt,a gaifonr cintgh e
rivearn dt ookc ontrooflS tonPyo inatn dF ort stratleignioecfs c ommunicatbieotwne tehne e ast
Lafayettoen eithesri deo ft heK ing'Fse rrye rn andm iddlset atteosF ishkBirlilt.i rseha ction,
crossiTnhges. t rugtgolr ee taSkteo nPyo infrto m ont heo thehra ndw,a ss hocka ndd epresseivoenn;
Britihsahn disst hem ilitary hiogfGh illibgehrtt t'hso ugthh ehya dn otl osmtu chm ateriatlhleyi,r
diary. pridaen dc onfidenhcaed s ufferead b low12.
Washingtroena ctiemdm ediatIenla yd.d ititoon AfteSrt onPyo inBte,n jamGiinl berrte'gsi ment
reinfortchieHn igg hlanhdesd ,e visae pdl anfo r remainiendt het heatoefro peratinoonrst ohf
ther ecaptoufrS et onPyo inHte. gaveG eneraloc cupieNde wY orkC itTyh.e r egimesnpte nmtu ch
AnthonWya ynec ommando fa selefocrtc eo f timei nW estchesCtoeurn tayn di nt hev icinity
ligihntf anwtirtywh h icWha ynep lannteodm ove ofW estP oinatn,d i tb uilatn i mportabnrti dge
throuegxht remdeilffiyc ult tteors reattih nes tagea crotshse s trateCgrioct oRni verIn.1 778-1779
for a surpraisssea uSletc.r ewcays t hek eyt ot he itw interaetDd a nburCyo,n nectiacnudit n,1 779-
succeosfts h em issiaonnd,n oneo ft heA merica1n7 80a t" SoldiFeorrst'u nbee,l"o Wwe stP oinotn
trooepvse nk newt heiorb jectuinvteii lnp ositiotnh ee assti doeft heH udsoInt.t oopka ritna v ariety
for thea ttacTko. e nsurfuer thetrh ee lemeonft ofm archemsa,n euvearnsd,a larurmesl atteotd h e
surpriWsaes,h ingtoornd eretdh ate achm an threoaftB ritiesxhc ursifroonms M anhattaannd
shouladd vancwei th unloadeda nmdufi sxkeedt t ot hev agaroiefps a rtiwsaarnfa rien W estchester
bayonewti,t hi nstadneta tahs t hep enalfotry County.
disobedi1e0 nce.
Withh ism eni np ositiWoany,n em adea per Fors evermaoln thsG,i lbewrats o ns iclke ave
sonarle connaisbseafonrceeo rderitnhgea ttacka.n ds tayweidt ahf amiilnyD anburCyo,n necticut.
Hea lssop enste vermaoln thasth omeo nfu rlough
oro n recruitsienrgv iicnet heB rookfiealrde a.
'PierMsa ckesTy,h eW arf oArm eri(cCaam bridMgaes,s .,
And iti st hicso mbinationj-utxhtea posoift ion
196p5p).9, 7 -9H8en;r By. C arringBtoant,t olfte hsAe m erican
Revolu(NteiwoY onr k1, 876pp).4, 5 7-58.
10 HenryB .D awsonA,s saounlS tt onPyo i(nMto rrisa· nia,
N.Y.1,8 6p3p).4, - 61,23 ,7 -3H8en;r By. C arringtWoasnh,i ng11C arringtBoant, tlppe.s4 ,7 34,7 4D;a wsonA,s sauolnt
totnh Seo ld(iNeewrY ork1, 899p.)2 ,5 7C;ar ringtBoant,t leSst,o Pnoyi nppt.,5 0-5B6u;el Plu, tnapmp.,8 1-82.
p.4 73. 12M ackesWy,a rf oArm eripc.2a 7,0 .
11
THE DIARY OF BENJAMING ILBERT
descriptoifao rnmsy l ifew itehn trimeasd eo ns ickm entaolffi cerwse rea lsBor ookfiemledn whom
leavien D anburayn da th omei nB rookfieldGilberktn ews ociallayn,d hisc ompanyc om
thagti veG ilberdti'asr iyt psa rticuhliasrt orimcaanld erD,a nieSlh aysw,a sr elatteodh im by
valuefo,r itp lacetsh ec itizen-soofl dtiheer m arriaTghee.p resenocfse o m anym enfr omh ome
Revolutiinoa n c ivilcioannt exIttt. h erefcoorne musth aves erveadsa m utuablo nda nda c onstant
tributaessn ,o exclusimvielliyt adriya rcya nt,o remindoefrp re-military life.
ouru nderstanodfit nhge m en who formedt he Gilberrte'lsa tionwsihtihpc iviliaasn sp,r e
coroef t heC ontinenAtramly . sentiendt hed iarwya,s d istincitnti hvaeht e l ived
Becausoeft hes erionuast uroeft heiwro rki,t witha Connectifacmuitl yf ors ixm onthwsh ile
ise asty ofo rgetth aatr mieasr em adeu po fv eryr ecoverfrionmg a debilitaitlilnnge Hses .w as
younmge n,t houguhs uallleydb yt hem iddlaeg ed stricwkheinl hei rse gimewnatsn eaDra nburayn,d
ands ometimbeyst hee lderBleyn.j amiGni lberhte remainewdi tht heH oytfa milyt herfreo m
wasn inetewehne nt hew arb egaann dt wenty-tSweop temb1e7r7 t8o M arch1 77w9h enh ew asw ell
whenh isd iaroyp ensH.e wasa ta n excelleennto ugtho r ejotihne r egiment.
aget ow ithstatnhdeh ardshiopfsm ilitalriyfe Illnewsass a facto fl ifei nt heC ontinental
andf,o rt hamta ttehra,v inbge enb orn lonbge foreA rmy.M ores oldiefreslv li ctitmod iseatshea n
industprryo videsdu cha menitiaess centratloe nemya ctioBnu.tG ilberati'lsm ewnats s ome
heatiinngs ,o mer espelcitfsae tc ampw asn om ore whatp uzzliAnlgt.h ouhgihs c ommentasr ei nsuf
difficutlhta nl ifaeth ome. ficientto justiaf ys pecifidci agnosmiosd,e rn
Andh isso ciaaclt iviwthiielwsei tthh ea rmyw ere medicoapli nisoung getshtasht e p robabsluyff ered
littdlieff erefrnotm thoshee e njoyewdi tho therfr om a vitamdienfi cienccoym,p oundbeyds toma
youngp eoplien B rookfieHlids.a ndh isf ellowtsi't iasn, u lceratiinvfee ctoifot nh em outhH.i s
relationwsihtihtp h ec ivilpioapnu latpiroonv idegse nerfeaell inogfw eakness, intevrommiitttienngt,
furtheirn sigihntt toh eo utloaonkd d eportmenatn dt hep ainfu"lc ankesro"r eisn t hem outha re
oft hec itizen-soThloduigehrs .o mes oldiearss ,s ymptoms conswiistthte hnots oef p ellagarnad
Gilberrte portdsi,d occasionasltley.a frlo m beribebroit,ch a usebdyv itamdienfi ciencies.
civilihaena sn,dc ertafirni enodbsv iously formTehde " cankerosr,s t"o matiwteirsel, i keclayu sed
closree lationwsihtinhpo sn -combatants, eseiptehcbeiyraa l fulnyg usi nfectbieotnt,ke nro wna so ral
whenc ampeidn o nep lacfoer anyl engtohft ime." thrusohr,a " v iraolrb acteriinafle ctkinoonw n
Theyt oopka ritn g atherifonrg ssi ngianngd o thera sa phthousst omatiBtoitsh.c onditiionnvso lve
activistuicehas s c ornh uskinTgh.e ym adefr e painful inflammoaftt ihoemn u coumse mbranes
quent sovciisaitlto sp articuhloamre sa ndw ere oft hem outht,h roaatn,dt onguaen,d oc curm ore
int urnv isitiendc ampb y civilfiraine nEdvsi. readiilny p ersonwsh oseg eneraclo nditiiosn
dentltyh et roopisfG, i lbearntd h isf rienwdesr e debilitaantdew dh osere sistanlcoewA . i vsi tamin
typicfoauln,d t hemselavmeosn ga kindrerdu rald eficienwcoyu ldr esuilntj usstu cha physical
peopleen gageidn s ociaanld e conomaicc tivitcioensd itGiiolnb.e ritl'lsnm easysh avbee ewno rsened
familiatro a llA.n d thes oldieirnst ,u rnw,e re by drinkinbgu,t m ore debilitawteirnegt he
stitlile sdt rongelnyo ugtho c ivilliiafnte h atth ey purgatitvheahste t ootko c urteh ei llneEsvse.n tu
were not-agiafiG ni,l beritsr epresentatailvlerye,s atn da ni mprovdeide btr oughatb ouhti s
objecotfss uspicion. returnt oh ealt13h .
An additioenlaelm enitn thea malgamo f Despiitlel naensdsp hysichaalr dshGiipl,b ert's
civilainadn solwdaiset rh ep resenicnet her egilifaesa soldiwearsn ota ldlr udgeHrey d.e scribes
mento fn umberosf m en from Brookfiealndd many" Frolickosrd ,a" ncecsa,r dg amesv,i sits
vicinGiitlyb.e sretr veadm ongm enh ek newp,e r
hapsg rewu p withT.h er egimewnats r aiseidn,
13T hed iagnoosfiG si lberitl'lsn iessb sa seodn c onsultation
part, in Worcester Cohuonmteyc ,o uGnitlybw,ie trhtt h'ef so llowidnogc torHs.: D eanB resnahaMn.,D .,o f
andi tcso mmandeCro,l onReulfu sP utnamw,a sa BrattlebVoerrom,o nRto;b erEt.G rossM,. D.L,o ddP rofessor
ofS urgerEym,e ritHuasrv,a rdM edicaSlc hooLla;u rEa. H .
Brokofielnde ighbwohro m Gilbevrits itaethd i s KremerM,. D.,a ndW illiaFm. KremerM,. D.,a uthoorfs
homeo na tl easotn eoc casioSno.m eo ft her egi-TheD octorM'est aboliDci et.
12
