46th Symposium Actual Tasks on Agricultural Engineering, Opatija, Croatia, 2018

644 Pages·2017·46.38 MB·English

UDC 631 ISSN 1848-4425
UNIVERSITY OF ZAGREB FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE
AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE UNIVERSITY OF OSIJEK
FACULTY OF AGRICULTURE AND LIFE SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF MARIBOR
AGRICULTURAL INSTITUTE OF SLOVENIA
INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING, BOKU, VIENNA
NATIONAL INSTITUTE FOR AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY - INMA BUCHAREST
CROATIAN AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING SOCIETY
PROCEEDINGS OF THE
46th INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM
Actual Tasks on
Agricultural Engineering
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SVEUČILIŠTE U ZAGREBU AGRONOMSKI FAKULTET
ZAVOD ZA MEHANIZACIJU POLJOPRIVREDE
POLJOPRIVREDNI FAKULTET SVEUČILIŠTA U OSIJEKU
UNIVERZA V MARIBORU FAKULTETA ZA KMETIJSTVO IN
BIOSISTEMSKE VEDE
KMETIJSKI INŠTITUT SLOVENIJE
INSTITUT ZA POLJOPRIVREDNU TEHNIKU, BOKU, BEČ
NACIONALNI INSTITUT ZA POLJOPRIVREDNU MEHANIZACIJU -
INMA BUKUREŠT
HRVATSKA UDRUGA ZA POLJOPRIVREDNU TEHNIKU

AKTUALNI ZADACI
MEHANIZACIJE
POLJOPRIVREDE

ZBORNIK RADOVA
46. MEĐUNARODNOG SIMPOZIJA
Opatija, 27. veljače – 1. ožujka 2018.
Published by University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture,
Department of Agricultural Engineering
Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
Izdavač Sveučilište u Zagrebu, Agronomski fakultet,
Zavod za mehanizaciju poljoprivrede,
Svetošimunska 25, 10000 Zagreb, Hrvatska
Editor-in-Chief / Nikola Bilandžija
Glavni i odgovorni urednik (e-mail: [email protected])

Technical editor / Tehnički urednik Dragan Tupajić
Organising committee / Organizacijski odbor
Đuro Banaj Dubravko Filipović
Nikola Bilandžija Zlatko Koronc
Krešimir Čopec Igor Kovačev
Goran Fabijanić Stjepan Sito
Mateja Grubor
Scientific committee / Znanstveni odbor
Prof. dr. Đuro Banaj, HR Prof. dr. Joachim Mueller, DE
Ing. Jaroslav Čepl, CSc., CZ Prof. dr. Pietro Picuno, IT
Prof. dr. Aleksandra Dimitrijević, RS Prof. dr. Stjepan Pliestić, HR
Assist. prof. dr. Đorđe Đatkov, RS Prof. dr. Egidijus Sarauskis, LT
Prof. dr. Ettore Gasparetto, IT Prof. dr. John Schueller, USA
Prof.dr. Ivo Grgić, HR Prof. dr. Peter Schulze-Lammers, DE
Prof. dr. Andreas Gronauer, AT Prof. dr. Denis Stajnko, SI
Dr. Viktor Jejčič, SI Prof. dr. Dumitru Tucu, RO
Prof. dr. Silvio Košutić, Chairman, HR Assist. prof. dr. Peter Vindiš, SI
Prof. dr. Miran Lakota, SI Dr. Valentin Vladut, RO
Prof. dr. Milan Martinov, RS Prof. dr. Daniele De Wrachien, IT
Prof. dr. Dumitru Mnerie, RO
ISSN 1848-4425
http://atae.agr.hr

Cover painting / Slika s naslovnice: Dušan Jejčič
Cover design / Oblikovanje naslovnice: Kreativna Točka by Marko Košutić
All papers in the Proceedings are peer reviewed
Svi radovi u Zborniku su recenzirani
Papers from the Proceedings have been indexed since 1997 into databases: /
Radovi u Zborniku su indeksirani u bazama podataka od 1997.:
Clarivate Analytics: Web of Science Core Collection: Conference Proceedings Citation Index
CAB International - Agricultural Engineering Abstracts

46. Symposium "Actual Tasks on Agricultural Engineering", Opatija, Croatia, 2018.

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SPONZORI – SPONSORS

MINISTARSTVO ZNANOSTI I OBRAZOVANJA
REPUBLIKE HRVATSKE /
MINISTRY OF SCIENCE AND EDUCATION OF
THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA

ZAKLADA HRVATSKE AKADEMIJE ZNANOSTI I
UMJETNOSTI /
THE FOUNDATION OF THE CROATIAN ACADEMY
OF SCIENCES AND ARTS

INA MAZIVA d.o.o. – ZAGREB

46. Symposium "Actual Tasks on Agricultural Engineering", Opatija, Croatia, 2018.

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PRIČA O TRAKTORU S NASLOVNICE
Lanz Bulldog HL
Priča o masovnoj proizvodnji traktora s užarenom glavom počinje nakon Prvog svjetskog
rata, kada Lanz, Manheim, Njemačka (najveći europski proizvođač mehanizacije početkom 20.
stoljeća i kasnije), 1921. godine započinje proizvodnju jednostavnog stabilnog motora s
užarenom glavom hlađenog otparivanjem vode. Motor je potom ugrađen na podvozje s
kotačima koje je vukla konjska zaprega. Ta je izvedba kasnije nadopunjena – dograđen je sklop
koji je povezivao motor sa stražnjim kotačima. Time je Lanzov stacionarni motor postao
samohodni stroj – traktor. Takva jednostavna izvedba traktora bila je namijenjena za pogon
stacionarnih strojeva u poljoprivredi – vršalica, pumpi za navodnjavanje, kružnih pila za drvo,
slamoreznica. U industriji je služio za pogon drobilica kamena, električnih generatora i
transport (na tvrdoj podlozi mogao je povući prikolicu najveće mase 7 tona). Traktor je nazvan
Bulldog zbog karakterističnog oblika motora, koji je sprijeda nalikovao glavi buldoga (užarena
glava motora). Pored osnovne poljoprivredne izvedbe, u ponudi je bila i verzija s pogonom na
sva četiri kotača za rad u voćnjacima i vinogradima, izvedba za rad na močvarnim tlima (s
proširenim čeličnim kotačima), tricikl izvedba po uzoru na američke traktore za kultivaciju
kukuruza. Koncepcija Bulldoga je bila tako uspješna da su se na njega ugledali i drugi europski
proizvođači traktora: Landini, Orsi, HSCS, Bubba, Ursus, S.F.Vierzon, Bolinder, Marshal.
„Otac“ ovog legendarnog traktora bio je dr. Fritz Huber, koji je zagovarao koncepciju
jednostavnog, robusnog i jeftinog traktora prikladnog za poljoprivredu. Velika je prednost
motora s užarenom glavom činjenica da kao pogonsko gorivo može koristiti različite frakcije
nafte, biljno ulje, životinjske masnoće, otpadna motorna ulja, zemni plin, ugljenu prašinu.
Korištenje jeftinijih goriva (u odnosu na benzin ili mineralni dizel) omogućilo je i siromašnijim
poljoprivrednicima da mehaniziraju teške radne operacije. Uz to, motori s užarenom glavom
bili su zahvaljujući niskom broju okretaja (400 – 700 min-1) i izrazito dugovječni. Postoje
slučajevi u kojima su ovi motori na traktorima radili do 40.000 radnih sati (nakon izmjene
dijelova podložnih trošenju, npr. klipnih prstenova, motor je bez problema dalje radio). Snaga
motora na Lanzovom Bulldogu HL iznosila je 8,8 kW (12 KS), zapremina oko 6000 cm3, a masa
traktora ovisno o izvedbi od 1850 kg do 2360 kg. Traktor nije imao mjenjač, a brzina kretanja
regulirala se brzinom vrtnje motora. Za kretanje unazad trebalo je zaustaviti motor te ga
pomoću zamašnjaka pokrenuti u suprotnom smjeru. Najveća brzina kretanja iznosila je 4,2 km
h-1. Postojala je i izvedba Bulldoga koji je imao mjenjač s dva stupnja prijenosa. U prvom
stupnju traktor je postizao 6 km h-1, a u drugom 12 km h-1, što je posebno naglašavano u
promotivnom materijalima. Proizvodnja HL modela trajala je od 1921. do 1927. godine, kada
je zamijenjen sofisticiranijim modelom. U stručnoj literaturi iz područja traktorske tehnike
neko je vrijeme smatrano da je Lanz bio prvi proizvođač traktora s užarenom glavom u svijetu,
no danas ga se smatra najmasovnijim proizvođačem (spominje se da su prvi traktori s
užarenom glavom uvedeni u Švedskoj između 1913. i 1919. godine). Lanz je do kraja 1950-ih
proizveo više od 220.000 traktora s užarenom glavom.

Dr. sc. Viktor Jejčič

46. Symposium "Actual Tasks on Agricultural Engineering", Opatija, Croatia, 2018.

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STORY ABOUT TRACTOR FROM COVER PAGE
Lanz Bulldog HL
The story of a hot bulb fired semi-diesel engine tractor large-scale production started after
the First World War, when the Lanz company, of Manheim, Germany (the biggest producer
of agricultural mechanization at the beginning of the 20th century), began in the year 1921 the
production of a simple stationary hot-bulb fired semi-diesel engine with evaporative cooling.
The engine was just mounted to a chassis with wheels that was drawn by horses. This version
was later updated with a system that connected the engine with the rear wheels. This simple
version of the tractor was intended to power stationary agricultural machines, such as
thresher, pump for irrigation, circular jigsaw, straw cutter and so on. In industry this tractor
was used to power stone crusher, electric generator and transport (the tractor was able to pull
on a hard surface trailer up to maximum 7 tones load). The tractor was named Bulldog due to
the specific shape of its engine, whose front part resembled the English dog species. Besides
the basic agricultural version, the manufacturer offered following versions: an all-wheel drive
intended for work in orchards and vine yards, a version for working on swampy soils (due to
wider steel wheels), a tricycle version for corn cultivation like American row-crop tractors. The
Bulldog tractor concept was so successful that other European tractor producers – Landini,
Orsi, HSCS, Bubba, Ursus, S.F. Vierzon, Bolinder, Marshal – followed it. The designer of this
legendary tractor was dr. Fritz Huber, who supported concept of a simple, robust and cheap
tractor suitable for agriculture. The great advantage of this engine was its ability to be fueled
by crude oil, plant oil, waste sump oil, animal fat, powdered coal and natural gas. The hot-
bulb fired semi-diesel engines were – due to operating at low speed (400-700 min-1) – very
durable. Some records proved cases where these tractor engines completed up to 40,000
working hours (after general repair these engines continued to work perfectly). The Lanz’s
Bulldog HL was powered by an engine of 8.8 kW (12 HP), the displacement of the engine was
6,224 cm3, the weight of the tractor depended on a model and varied from 1,850 to 2,360 kg.
The Bulldog HL had no gearbox, only engine speed controls. In order to move in reverse, the
engine had to be stopped and then restarted in the opposite direction by a flywheel. The
maximal traveling speed of the Bulldog HL tractor was 4.2 km h-1. There was a Bulldog
version equipped with a two-speed gearbox (first gear max. speed v = 6,0 km h-1, second gear
max. speed v = 12.0 km h-1). The Lanz’s Bulldog HL tractor was in production from 1921 to
1927, when it was replaced with a more sophisticated model. The earlier expert literature on
the history of tractors took Lanz as the World’s No. 1 producer of tractors with the hot-bulb
fired semi-diesel engine, but today Lanz is taken only as the World’s No. 1 large-scale tractor
producer. Some sources mention that the first tractors with hot-bulb fired semi-diesel engines
were introduced in Sweden between 1913 and 1919. Until the end of the 1950s, Lanz produced
over 220,000 tractors with hot-bulb fired semi-diesel engines.

Viktor Jejčič, Ph.D

46. Symposium "Actual Tasks on Agricultural Engineering", Opatija, Croatia, 2018.

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PREDGOVOR

Poštovane kolegice i kolege,
Poštovani čitatelji,

Sa zadovoljstvom Vam predstavljam Zbornik radova sa 46. međunarodnog Simpozija
„Aktualni zadaci mehanizacije poljoprivrede“, koji se kao i prethodnih godina održao u
Opatiji, Republika Hrvatska od 27. veljače do 1. ožujka 2018. godine. Simpozij je pružio
mogućnost sudionicima iz 10 različitih zemalja da prezentiraju i raspravljaju o svojim
znanstvenim dostignućima u području poljoprivredne tehnike i biosustava.
Ovogodišnji Zbornik radova sadrži ukupno 65 radova, od toga iz Austrije 1, Češke 2,
Kanade 1, Filipina 1, Hrvatske 8, Italije 4, Njemačke 2, Rumunjske 37, Slovenije 6 i Srbije 3.
Svaki rad tiskan u Zborniku je prošao postupak recenzije te je poslan dopisnom autoru na
autorizaciju teksta. Pristup elektroničnoj verziji Zbornika radova je besplatan na adresi
http://atae.agr.hr/proceedings.htm. Od 1997. godine, radovi objavljeni u Zborniku uvršteni su
u baze podataka Clarivate Analytics: Web of Science Core Collection - Conference Proceedings
Citation Indeks i CAB International - Agricultural Engineering Abstracts.
Suorganizatori ovogodišnjeg Simpozija od strane međunarodnih strukovnih udruga su
Commission of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (CIGR), European Network for Advanced
Engineering in Agriculture and Environment (EurAgEng) i Asian Association for Agricultural
Engineering (AAAE).
Zahvaljujem svim autorima, recenzentima te kolegama iz organizacijskog i znanstvenog
odbora, koji su svojim radom i svesrdnom pomoći omogućili održavanje ovogodišnjeg
Simpozija. Također, zahvaljujem se i sponzorima odnosno Ministarstvu znanosti i obrazovanja
Republike Hrvatske, Zakladi Hrvatske akademije znanosti i umjetnosti te tvrtki INA MAZIVA
d.o.o.

Doc. dr. sc. Nikola Bilandžija
Zagreb, ožujak 2018. Glavni urednik

46. Symposium "Actual Tasks on Agricultural Engineering", Opatija, Croatia, 2018.

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PREFACE

Dear Colleagues,
Dear readers,

I am very pleased to introduce the Proceedings of the 46th International Symposium "Actual
Tasks on Agricultural Engineering" that like in the previous years took place in Opatija,
Republic of Croatia from February 27th to March 1st, 2018.
The Symposium provided an opportunity to participants coming from 10 different
countries to present and discuss on their respective research findgs in Agricultural and
Biosystems Engineering area. This year's Proceedings includes 65 articles from Austria 1,
Canada 1, Croatia 8, Czech Republic 2, Germany 2, Italy 4, Philippines 1, Romania 37, Serbia 3
and Slovenia 6. Each published paper in the Proceedings has been under peer-review process
and the papers were sent to the corresponding author on text authorization. Access to the web
edition of the Proceedings is free of charge at the website http://atae.agr.hr/proceedings.htm.
Since 1997, papers published in the Symposium Proceedings are included in the Clarivate
Analytics: Web of Science Core Collection – Conference Proceedings Citation Index and CAB
International - Agricultural Engineering Abstracts.
International professional associations as co-organizers of this year's Symposium are
International Commission of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (CIGR), European
Network for Advanced Engineering in Agriculture and Environment (EurAgEng) and Asian
Association for Agricultural Engineering (AAAE).
I would like to express my gratitude to our members of the Organising and Scientific
Committee for their tremendous efforts. Without their support, the conference could not have
been the success that it was. I also acknowledge the authors themselves, without whose expert
input there would not have been conference. I would also like to thank all reviewers for their
time and effort in reviewing the papers. Without their commitment it would not be possible
to have the important ‘referee’ status assigned to papers in the proceedings.
It is my pleasant duty to acknowledge the continuous financial support from the Ministry
of Science and Education of the Republic of Croatia, The Foundation of the Croatian Academy
of Sciences and Arts and the INA MAZIVA company.

Assist. Prof. Nikola Bilandžija, PhD
Zagreb, March 2018. Editor-in-Chief

46. Symposium "Actual Tasks on Agricultural Engineering", Opatija, Croatia, 2018.

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SADRŽAJ – CONTENTS
Milan MARTINOV, Andreas GRONAUER, Silvio KOŠUTIĆ .................................... 19
Highlights of 27th club of Bologna meeting
Sažetak 27. Susreta kluba Bologna
Rares HALBAC-COTOARA-ZAMFIR, Cristina HALBAC-COTOARA-ZAMFIR ... 29
Adapting to climate changes – a challenge for Romanian agriculture
Prilagodba klimatskim promjenama – izazov za poljoprivredu Rumunjske
Rares HALBAC-COTOARA-ZAMFIR ............................................................................... 37
Brief introduction on water harvesting and its potential in western Romania
Kratak uvod o prikupljanju vode i njezin potencijal u zapadnoj Rumunjskoj
Carmen Otilia RUSĂNESCU, Marin RUSĂNESCU, Mihaela BEGEA,
Gigel PARASCHIV, Sorin Ștefan BIRIȘ, Gheorghe VOICU,
Ileana Nicoleta POPESCU .................................................................................................... 45
Assessing the risk of aridity: a case study Bucharest – Romania
Procjena štetnosti suše: primjer Bukurešt - Rumunjska
Dan-Teodor BALANESCU, Vlad-Mario HOMUTESCU ................................................ 57
Agricultural machinery hybrid propulsion system based on combined cycle gas
and steam turbines
Sustav hibridnog pogona poljoprivrednih strojeva kombinacijom plinske i parne
turbine
Baldwin G. JALLORINA, Victorino T. TAYLAN, Ireneo C. AGULTO,
Helen F. GAVINO, Vitaliana U. MALAMUG, Emmanuel V. SICAT .......................... 67
Harnessing the irrigation water flows for micro-hydro power generation
Iskorištavanje vodenih tokova od navodnjavanja za pogon mikro hidro-elektrana
Anamarija BANAJ, Đuro BANAJ, Vjekoslav TADIĆ, Davor PETROVIĆ,
Dario KNEŽEVIĆ ................................................................................................................... 79
Comparison of standard and twin row seeding on sunflower yield
Usporedba standardne i “twin row” sjetve suncokreta s obzirom na prinos
Gheorghe BOLINTINEANU, Dan CUJBESCU, Cătălin PERSU,
Iuliana GĂGEANU, Laurentiu VLĂDUŢOIU, Mihaela NIȚU,
Augstina PRUTEANU, Nicoleta UNGUREANU .............................................................. 89
Researches of the bulb planting process in field and laboratory conditions
Istraživanje procesa sadnje lukovica u poljskim i laboratorijskim uvjetima

46. Symposium "Actual Tasks on Agricultural Engineering", Opatija, Croatia, 2018.

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Gabriel-Alexandru CONSTANTIN, George IPATE, Gheorghe VOICU,
Gabriel MUȘUROI, Mariana-Gabriela MUNTEANU, Maria DRAGOMIR .............. 99
Evaluation of hand-arm vibration transmitted during soil tillage based on
Arduino and MPU9250 motion sensor
Ocjena vibracija prenesenih na sustav šaka-ruka prilikom obrade tla korištenjem
Arduina i senzora pokreta MPU9250
Gabriel GHEORGHE, Cătălin PERSU, Dan CUJBESCU,
Marinela MATEESCU ......................................................................................................... 107
Influence of attack angle to draft force variation of a furrow opener at mulch foil
planter
Utjecaj napadnog kuta na vučni otpor otvarača brazde u sjetvi pod malč foliju
Zlatko KORONC, Dubravko FILIPOVIĆ, Goran FABIJANIĆ ................................... 117
Tractor DI diesel engine performances using different types of diesel fuel
Karakteristike traktorskog dizel motora s direktnim ubrizgavanjem pri korištenju
različitih vrsta dizelskog goriva
Alina OVANISOF, Ovidiu VASILE, Maria DRAGOMIR ........................................... 129
Analysis of human whole-body vibration exposure on a U650 tractor
Analiza izloženosti vibracijama na tijelo rukovatelja korištenjem traktora U650
Gheorghe VOICU, Magdalena - Laura TOMA, Elena - Madalina STEFAN,
Paula TUDOR, Mihaela - Florentina DUTU ................................................................... 139
Grain pile stratification process on sieves of harvester cleaning system
Uslojavanje zrna na sitima za čišćenje u kombajnu
Dorel STOICA, Iulian-Claudiu DUȚU,
Gheorghe VOICU, Mihaela-Florentina DUȚU ............................................................... 149
Influence of the oscillation frequency on the separation process at
the conical sieves
Utjecaj frekvencije oscilacija koničnih sita na postupak separacije
Ioan ȚENU, Oana-Raluca COORDUNEANU,
Petru CÂRLESCU, Radu ROȘCA ...................................................................................... 157
Design and construction of a fertilizer spreader for glass houses and greenhouses
Projektiranje i konstrukcija raspodjeljivača gnojiva u plastenicima i staklenicima
Dan VIDREAN, Florinel Cosmin BOJA, Alin TEUŞDEA,
Cristina Ioana DRAGOMIR, Nicuşor Flavius BOJA ..................................................... 169
Assesment of soil impact after using a vibro-combinator
Utjecaj primjene kultivatora s elastičnim motičicama u obradi na svojstva tla

46. Symposium "Actual Tasks on Agricultural Engineering", Opatija, Croatia, 2018.

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