Table Of ContentLondon, New York,
Melbourne, Munich, and Delhi
Senior editor Jenny Sich
Senior art editor Stefan Podhorodecki
Project editor Ashwin Khurana
Designer Hoa Luc
Editors Matilda Gollon, James Mitchem, Jessamy Wood
US Editors Shannon Beatty, Rebecca Warren
Additional designers Angela Ball, Dave Ball
Managing editor Linda Esposito
Managing art editor Diane Peyton Jones
Category publisher Laura Buller
Publishing director Jonathan Metcalf
Associate publishing director Liz Wheeler
Art director Phil Ormerod
Jacket editor Manisha Majithia
Jacket designer Yumiko Tahata
Design development manager Sophia M. Tampakopoulos Turner
Picture researcher Rob Nunn
DK picture librarian Romaine Werblow
Production editor John Goldsmid
Senior production controller Angela Graef
First American Edition, 2012
Published in the United States by
DK Publishing
375 Hudson Street
New York, New York 10014
12 13 14 15 16 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
001–182992 – Feb/2012
Copyright © 2012 Dorling Kindersley Limited
All rights reserved
Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this publication
may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any
form, or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise), without
the prior written permission of both the copyright owner and the above publisher of this book.
Published in Great Britain by Dorling Kindersley Limited.
A catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN: 978-0-7566-9003-8
DK books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk for sales promotions,
premiums, fund-raising, or educational use. For details, contact: DK Publishing Special Markets,
375 Hudson Street, New York, New York 10014 or [email protected]
Color reproduction by MDP
Printed and bound in Hong Kong by by Hung Hing
Discover more at
www.dk.com
0
0
1
e
l
p
o
e
p
y
o r
h i st
o
h
w m a d e
p e o p l e
M e e t t h e
s h a p e d t h e
w h o w o r l d
m o d e r n
Written by Ben Gilliland
Consultant Philip Parker
Contents
6 Daring 30 Inspirational 56 Thoughtful
Discoverers Inventors Thinkers
8 Marco Polo 32 Cai Lun 58 Confucius
9 Ibn Battuta 33 Johann Gutenberg 60 Aristotle
10 Christopher Columbus 34 James Watt 62 Karl Marx
12 Galileo Galilei 36 Alessandro Volta 63 Sigmund Freud
14 Isaac Newton 37 Michael Faraday 64 Mary Seacole
16 Dmitri Mendeleev 38 Everyday inventions 65 Mother Teresa
18 Charles Darwin Charles Goodyear 66 Joan of Arc
Levi Strauss
20 Medical marvels 68 Martin Luther King
George Eastman
Edward Jenner
Wallace Carothers 70 Religious leaders
Louis Pasteur
Gautama Buddha
40 Alexander Graham Bell
Joseph Lister
Jesus
Wilhelm Roentgen 41 Thomas Edison
Muhammad
Alexander Fleming
42 Alfred Nobel Guru Nanak
22 Albert Einstein
44 Food made easy 72 Emmeline Pankhurst
24 Marie Curie
Peter Durand 74 Eleanor Roosevelt
25 Ernest Rutherford Clarence Birdseye
75 Aung San Suu Kyi
Percy Spencer
26 Watson and Crick
Ray Kroc 76 Jane Goodall
28 Mary Anning
46 Guglielmo Marconi
29 Mary Leakey
47 John Logie Baird
48 The Wright brothers
50 Henry Ford
52 Steve Jobs &
Steve Wozniak
54 Tim Berners-Lee
55 Mark Zuckerberg
4
78 Leading 106 Clued-up 124 Let's applaud…
These people who
Leaders Creatives
made American and
80 Alexander the Great 108 Writers on the block Canadian history
William Shakespeare
82 Augustus Caesar 126 Glossary
Voltaire
84 Charlemagne 127 Index
Aleksandr Pushkin
86 Cool queens Lu Xun 128 Acknowledgments
Hatshepsut Virginia Woolf
Cleopatra 110 Thomas Cook
Maria Teresa
112 Walt Disney
Catherine the Great
Queen Victoria 114 Gallery of artists
Leonardo da Vinci
88 Genghis Khan
Auguste Rodin
90 Saladin
Vincent van Gogh
92 Martin Luther Pablo Picasso
Frida Kahlo
94 Up the revolution
Maximilien Robespierre 116 Coco Chanel
Simón Bolívar 117 David Ogilvy
Vladimir Lenin
118 Ole Kirk Kristiansen
Mao Tse-Tung
Fidel Castro 120 Musicians
Johann Sebastian Bach
96 Napoleon Bonaparte
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
98 George Washington
Peter Ilyich Tchaikovsky
100 Mahatma Gandhi Ali Akbar Khan
Toru Takematisu
102 Deng Xiaoping
122 Elvis Presley
103 Mikhail Gorbachev
104 Nelson Mandela
5
g
n
i
r
a
D
D
i
s
c
o
v
e
r
e
r
s
There are adventurous discoverers who boldy go
where no one has gone before, sailing the high
seas and finding new lands. Then there are the
more stay-at-home types, who toil away in labs and
the like and—eureka—discover something that will
save millions of lives. Behind every great discovery
is a remarkable person, whose courage and
determination—and sometimes plain luck—made
the world the place it is today.
All about me
By the way...
(cid:132) BORN: 1254
(cid:132)(cid:132) DNIAETDIO: 1N3A24LITY: Italian firsmptye loboopoolkek idngitdaovn e’At sEbiauer,li oebpvueet immtesa n y
(cid:132) FACTOID: I traveled more than 14,900 miles and said I’d made it up.
(4,000 km).
(cid:132)(cid:3)IN A NUTSHELL: My father and uncle traveled
to China to trade jewels and met the Mongol ruler.
Marco Polo
The man whose journey of a lifetime
brought the FAR EAST to Europe
Marco sets off
When Marco was 17, he accompanied his father
and uncle when they returned to China (see purple
line on map). They spent 17 years in the court of
the Mongol ruler of China, Kublai Khan. He really
liked Marco, first making him a diplomat and then
the GOVERNOR of the city of Yangzhou.
EUROPE
Karakoram
Venice
Constantinople Trabzon Shangdu
Kashgar Beijing
Tabriz Balkh Suzhou
Hotan
Baghdad
Acre Kerman ASIA Kinsay
Basra Chengdu
Hormuz
Tagoung Amoy
Khambhat
AFRICA
Arabian
Sea Calicut
Marco Polo’s outward journey (1271–1275) INDIAN
Marco Polo’s return journey (1292–1295)
OCEAN
Return to Venice
Marco brought Khan liked Marco so much that even
the first kite to though the Polos asked to return home,
Europe from China.
he refused to let them leave. Luckily,
in 1292, the Polos were sent to escort a
He also introduced Mongol princess to Persia (modern-day
Europe to the power Iran). They seized the opportunity,
of gunpowder.
ESCAPED, and returned home after
24 years (see pink line on map). Marco
wrote a book about his adventures,
The Travels of Marco Polo.
8
