033 Flight Planning & Flight monitoring (JAA ATPL theory)

615 Pages·2001·29.26 MB·English

033 FLIGHT PLANNING & FLIGHT
MONITORING
© G LONGHURST 1999 All Rights Reserved Worldwide
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EDITION 2.00.00 2001
This is the second edition of this manual, and incorporates all amendments to previous editions, in
whatever form they were issued, prior to July 1999.
EDITION 2.00.00 © 1999,2000,2001 G LONGHURST
The information contained in this publication is for instructional use only. Every effort has been made to ensure
the validity and accuracy of the material contained herein, however no responsibility is accepted for errors or
discrepancies. The texts are subject to frequent changes which are beyond our control.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
VFR Flight Planning
Meteorology Services for Aviation
Flight Briefing Charts
Low and Medium Level Charts
Flight Planning and Monitoring
Multi-Engined Piston Aeroplane Flight Planning
ICAO – ATC Flight Plan
Approach Charts
The Selection of Altitudes and Routes
Mean Wind Component and Mean Fuel Flow
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Fuel Efficiency Calculations
Upper Wind and Temperature Charts
Upper Air Charts
Usability of Aerodromes
Medium Range Jet Transport (MRJT)
Point of Equal Time (PET)
Point of Safe Return
The Flight Progress Chart
Computerised Flight Planning
Extended Range Twin Operations
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VFR Flight Planning
The Aeronautical Information Service (AIS)
Airspace Planning Considerations
Chapter Page 1 © G LONGHURST 1999 All Rights Reserved Worldwide
VFR Flight Planning
VFR Flight Planning
1
1. Detailed planning for a cross country VFR flight can vary depending upon the type of flight.
However, there are a number of fundamental considerations, no matter what the nature of the flight,
and certain information must be obtained before the flight is undertaken. The primary source of this
information is the Aeronautical Information Service (AIS).
The Aeronautical Information Service (AIS)
2. Within ICAO a standard AIS should be provided in every Contracting State. It is
responsible for collecting, collating, editing and publishing aeronautical information. The AIS
provides a pre-flight information service and supports the need for in-flight information. It has to
ensure that information necessary for the safety, regularity or efficiency of air navigation is available
in a form suitable for the use of flight operations personnel, flight crews and air traffic service units
responsible for the flight information service.
3. This aeronautical information is published as an Integrated Aeronautical Information
Package which consists of the following elements:
(cid:127) Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP), including the amendment services
(cid:127) Supplements to the AIP
(cid:127) NOTAM and pre-flight information bulletins (PIB)
(cid:127) Aeronautical Information Circulars (AIC)
(cid:127) Checklists and summaries
Chapter 1 Page 1 © G LONGHURST 1999 All Rights Reserved Worldwide
VFR Flight Planning
Aeronautical Information Publication (AIP)
4. This publication issued by the authority of a State contains aeronautical information of a
lasting character essential to air navigation. The AIP is divided into three mains sections, the General
(GEN), the En-route Section (ENR) and the Aerodrome Directory (AD) section. Wherever a State
deviates from ICAO Standards, Recommended Practices and Procedures, it must formally state these
differences. (UK differences are described in the UK AIP GEN section).
5. The amendments to this document, that may be referred to in a NOTAM or AIC, are known
as AIRAC AIP Amendment which detail permanent operationally significant changes to the AIP. A
non-AIRAC AIP Amendment details a permanent non-operationally significant change to the AIP.
Supplements to the AIP
6. AIP Supplements contain items of a temporary nature only. They must have operational
significance and may contain extensive, comprehensive text or graphics the content of which may
preclude ‘complete’ promulgation by NOTAM.
NOTAM
7. A NOTAM (Notice to airmen) contains information concerning the establishment, condition
or change in any aeronautical facility, service, procedure or hazard, the timely knowledge of which is
essential to personnel concerned with flight operations.
8. All operationally significant information not covered by AIP Amendment or AIP Supplement
will be issued as a NOTAM via the Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunications System (AFS).
Chapter 1 Page 2 © G LONGHURST 1999 All Rights Reserved Worldwide
VFR Flight Planning
9. All operationally significant changes issued as AIRAC AIP Amendments, AIP Supplements or
AIC will be additionally announced by NOTAM. These NOTAM give an abbreviated description of
the change or condition together with the effective dates and the AIRAC Amendment, Supplement or
AIC reference number. These ‘trigger’ NOTAM ensure that entries appear in Pre-Flight Information
Bulletins to bring the information to the attention of aircrew.
Pre–flight Information Bulletins (PIB)
10. These bulletins are a presentation of current NOTAM information of operational
significance. This data may be available by post, facsimile or screen based services and via direct
access facilities. General, Aerodrome and Navigational Warning Bulletins for geographically pre-
determined areas of coverage are also available.
Aeronautical Information Circulars (AIC)
11. These notices contain information that does not qualify for the origination of a NOTAM or
for inclusion in the AIP but which relates to flight safety, air navigation, technical, administrative or
legislative matters rather than those of an operational nature.
12. AICs are also used to publish advanced warnings of impending operational changes and to
add expansion or emphasis on matters of safety or operational significance.
13. To facilitate the use of AIC in the UK, they are printed on different colours of paper according
to their subject matter:
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