Web Data APIs for Knowledge Graphs: Easing Access to Semantic Data for Application Developers

121 Pages·2021·4.129 MB·English

by  Albert Meroño-Peñuela, Pasquale Lisena, Carlos Martínez-Ortiz

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Synthesis Lectures on E
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Data, Semantics, and Knowledge O
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Series Editors: Ying Ding, University of Texas at Austin T
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Paul Groth, University of Amsterdam
Founding Editor Emeritus: James Hendler, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Web Data APIs for Knowledge Graphs
Easing Access to Semantic Data for Application Developers

Albert Meroño-Peñuela, King’s College London
Pasquale Lisena, EURECOM, France

Carlos Martínez-Ortiz, Netherlands eScience Center
This book describes a set of methods, architectures, and tools to extend the data pipeline at the
W
disposal of developers when they need to publish and consume data from Knowledge Graphs (graph- E
B
structured knowledge bases that describe the entities and relations within a domain in a semantically D
A
T
meaningful way) using SPARQL, Web APIs, and JSON. To do so, it focuses on the paradigmatic A
A
P
cases of two middleware software packages, grlc and SPARQL Transformer, which automatically I
S
F
build and run SPARQL-based REST APIs and allow the specification of JSON schema results, O
R
respectively. K
N
O
The authors highlight the underlying principles behind these technologies—query W
L
management, declarative languages, new levels of indirection, abstraction layers, and separation of E
D
concerns—, explain their practical usage, and describe their penetration in research projects and G
E
G
industry. R
A
The book, therefore, serves a double purpose: to provide a sound and technical description of P
H
S
tools and methods at the disposal of publishers and developers to quickly deploy and consume Web
Data APIs on top of Knowledge Graphs; and to propose an extensible and heterogeneous Knowledge

Graph access infrastructure that accommodates a growing ecosystem of querying paradigms.
About SYNTHESIS
This volume is a printed version of a work that appears in the Synthesis
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Web Data APIs
for Knowledge Graphs
Easing Access to Semantic Data
for Application Developers

Synthesis Lectures on Data,
Semantics, and Knowledge
Editor
YingDing,UniversityofTexasatAustin
PaulGroth,UniversityofAmsterdam
FoundingEditorEmeritus
JamesHendler,RensselaerPolytechnicInstitute
SynthesisLecturesonData,Semantics,andKnowledgeiseditedbyYingDingoftheUniversityof
TexasatAustinandPaulGrothoftheUniversityofAmsterdam.Theseriesfocusesonthepivotal
rolethatdataonthewebandtheemergenttechnologiesthatsurrounditplaybothintheevolution
oftheWorldWideWebaswellasapplicationsindomainsrequiringdataintegrationandsemantic
analysis.Thelarge-scaleavailabilityofbothstructuredandunstructureddataontheWebhas
enabledradicallynewtechnologiestodevelop.Ithasimpacteddevelopmentsinavarietyofareas
includingmachinelearning,deeplearning,semanticsearch,andnaturallanguageprocessing.
Knowledgeandsemanticsareacriticalfoundationforthesharing,utilization,andorganizationof
thisdata.Theseriesaimsbothtoprovidepathwaysintothefieldofresearchandanunderstanding
oftheprinciplesunderlyingthesetechnologiesforanaudienceofscientists,engineers,and
practitioners.
Topicstobeincluded:
• Knowledgegraphs,bothpublicandprivate
• LinkedData
• Knowledgegraphandautomatedknowledgebaseconstruction
• Knowledgeengineeringforlarge-scaledata
• Machinereading
• UsesofSemanticWebtechnologies
• Informationandknowledgeintegration,datafusion
• Variousformsofsemanticsontheweb(e.g.,ontologies,languagemodels,anddistributional
semantics)
• Terminology,Thesaurus,&OntologyManagement
• Querylanguages
iv
WebDataAPIsforKnowledgeGraphs:EasingAccesstoSemanticDataforApplication
Developers
AlbertMeroño-Peñuela,PasqualeLisena,andCarlosMartínez-Ortiz
2021
DesigningandBuildingEnterpriseKnowledgeGraphs
JuanSequedaandOraLassila
2021
LinkedDataVisualization:Techniques,Tools,andBigData
LauraPo,NikosBikakis,FedericoDesimoni,andGeorgePapastefanatos
2020
OntologyEngineering
ElisaF.KendallandDeborahL.McGuinness
2019
DemystifyingOWLfortheEnterprise
MichaelUschold
2018
ValidatingRDFData
JoseEmilioLabraGayo,EricPrud’hommeaux,IovkaBoneva,andDimitrisKontokostas
2017
NaturalLanguageProcessingfortheSemanticWeb
DianaMaynard,KalinaBontcheva,andIsabelleAugenstein
2016
TheEpistemologyofIntelligentSemanticWebSystems
Mathieud’AquinandEnricoMotta
2016
EntityResolutionintheWebofData
VassilisChristophides,VasilisEfthymiou,andKostasStefanidis
2015
LibraryLinkedDataintheCloud:OCLC’sExperimentswithNewModelsofResource
Description
CarolJeanGodby,ShenghuiWang,andJeffreyK.Mixter
2015
SemanticMiningofSocialNetworks
JieTangandJuanziLi
2015
v
SocialSemanticWebMining
TopeOmitola,SebastiánA.Ríos,andJohnG.Breslin
2015
SemanticBreakthroughinDrugDiscovery
BinChen,HuijunWang,YingDing,andDavidWild
2014
SemanticsinMobileSensing
ZhixianYanandDipanjanChakraborty
2014
Provenance:AnIntroductiontoPROV
LucMoreauandPaulGroth
2013
Resource-OrientedArchitecturePatternsforWebsofData
BrianSletten
2013
AaronSwartz’sAProgrammableWeb:AnUnfinishedWork
AaronSwartz
2013
Incentive-CentricSemanticWebApplicationEngineering
ElenaSimperl,RobertaCuel,andMartinStein
2013
PublishingandUsingCulturalHeritageLinkedDataontheSemanticWeb
EeroHyvönen
2012
VIVO:ASemanticApproachtoScholarlyNetworkingandDiscovery
KatyBörner,MichaelConlon,JonCorson-Rikert,andYingDing
2012
LinkedData:EvolvingtheWebintoaGlobalDataSpace
TomHeathandChristianBizer
2011
Copyright©2021byMorgan&Claypool
Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmittedin
anyformorbyanymeans—electronic,mechanical,photocopy,recording,oranyotherexceptforbriefquotations
inprintedreviews,withoutthepriorpermissionofthepublisher.
WebDataAPIsforKnowledgeGraphs:EasingAccesstoSemanticDataforApplicationDevelopers
AlbertMeroño-Peñuela,PasqualeLisena,andCarlosMartínez-Ortiz
www.morganclaypool.com
ISBN:9781636392011 paperback
ISBN:9781636392028 ebook
ISBN:9781636392035 hardcover
DOI10.2200/S01114ED1V01Y202107DSK021
APublicationintheMorgan&ClaypoolPublishersseries
SYNTHESISLECTURESONDATA,SEMANTICS,ANDKNOWLEDGE
Lecture#21
SeriesEditors:YingDing,UniversityofTexasatAustin
PaulGroth,UniversityofAmsterdam
FoundingEditorEmeritus:JamesHendler,RensselaerPolytechnicInstitute
SeriesISSN
Print2691-2023 Electronic2691-2031
Web Data APIs
for Knowledge Graphs
Easing Access to Semantic Data
for Application Developers
Albert Meroño-Peñuela
King’sCollegeLondon,UnitedKingdom
Pasquale Lisena
EURECOM,France
Carlos Martínez-Ortiz
NetherlandseScienceCenter,TheNetherlands
SYNTHESISLECTURESONDATA,SEMANTICS,ANDKNOWLEDGE#21
M
&C Morgan &cLaypool publishers
ABSTRACT
Thisbookdescribesasetofmethods,architectures,andtoolstoextendthedatapipelineatthe
disposal of developers when they need to publish and consume data from Knowledge Graphs
(graph-structured knowledge bases that describe the entities and relations within a domain in
a semantically meaningful way) using SPARQL, Web APIs, and JSON. To do so, it focuses
ontheparadigmaticcasesoftwomiddlewaresoftwarepackages,grlcandSPARQLTransformer,
whichautomaticallybuildandrunSPARQL-basedRESTAPIsandallowthespecificationof
JSONschemaresults,respectively.Theauthorshighlighttheunderlyingprinciplesbehindthese
technologies—querymanagement,declarativelanguages,newlevelsofindirection,abstraction
layers,andseparationofconcerns—,explaintheirpracticalusage,anddescribetheirpenetration
inresearchprojectsandindustry.Thebook,therefore,servesadoublepurpose:toprovideasound
and technical description of tools and methods at the disposal of publishers and developers to
quickly deploy and consume Web Data APIs on top of Knowledge Graphs; and to propose
an extensible and heterogeneous Knowledge Graph access infrastructure that accommodates a
growingecosystemofqueryingparadigms.
KEYWORDS
knowledgegraphs,webAPIs,queryinginfrastructures,queryinterfaces,SPARQL,
grlc