Wastewater treatment by solar driven AOPs: design and applications

38 Pages·2015·13.3 MB·English

Wastewater treatment by solar driven
AOPs: design and applications
Sixto Malato, PhD ([email protected])
Isabel Oller, PhD ([email protected])
CIEMAT- Plataforma Solar de Almería
Tabernas (Almería), Spain
Plataforma Solar de Almería-CIEMAT
1
5
6
1. Central receiver technology
2. Parabolic dishes + Stirling engines
4
3. Parabolic-trough technology (thermal oil)
4. Parabolic-trough technology (DSG) 1
5. Parabolic-troughs (gas) + Molten Salt TES
6. Linear Fresnel Collector
7 9
7. Solar furnaces
2
8
8. Water desalination 3
9. Water treatment
10. Passive architecture 10
1st Summer School on Environmental applications of Advanced Oxidation Processes
University of Salerno, Fisciano (Italy), June 15-19, 2015.
Research activities of STW Unit at PSA
1. Using solar photocatalytic and photochemical processes as tertiary treatment of the
effluents from secondary treatment of MWTPs, for production of clean water. For this, the
removal of both emerging pollutants and pathogens are investigated.
2. Using solar photocatalytic and photochemical processes for the remediation of industrial
wastewaters contaminated with several types of pollutants and water reclaim for different
applications.
3. Combining Advanced Oxidation Technologies with other water treatment techniques such
as nano- and ultra-filtration, ozonation, biological treatments, etc., for improving the water
treatment efficiency and reducing operating costs.
4. Assessment of photocatalytic efficiency of new materials under real solar light conditions, and
their use in solar CPC reactors.
5. Using solar photocatalytic and photochemical processes for water disinfection. Several
types of contaminated water sources with a number of water pathogens are under study.
6. Developing new solar photo-reactors for different purposes (drinking water, water reclamation,
irrigation, etc.), either water decontamination or water disinfection.
3
1st Summer School on Environmental applications of Advanced Oxidation Processes
University of Salerno, Fisciano (Italy), June 15-19, 2015.
Outlook
 Introduction.
 Technical and engineering aspects of solar photo-reactors for
photocatalytic applications.
 Solar photocatalysis as tertiary treatment for MWTPs effluents.
 Solar reactors for water disinfection.
1st Summer School on Environmental applications of Advanced Oxidation Processes
University of Salerno, Fisciano (Italy), June 15-19, 2015.
Introduction
EMERGING CONTAMINANTS
WWTPs
• Until recently unknown
(ng-μg/L)
INCOMPLETE
• Commonly use
REMOVAL
• Emerging risks (EDCs,
Photochemical transformations
antibiotics)
• Unregulated
CONTINUOUS INTRODUCTION TRANSFORMATION
INTO THE ENVIRONMENT PRODUCTS
1st Summer School on Environmental applications of Advanced Oxidation Processes
University of Salerno, Fisciano (Italy), June 15-19, 2015.
Introduction
1st Summer School on Environmental applications of Advanced Oxidation Processes
University of Salerno, Fisciano (Italy), June 15-19, 2015.
Introduction
Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) are a source of hydroxyl radicals (OH )
Compound Oxidation
Potential
Nevertheless, tFeluocrinhe nical a2p.2p3 lications are
Hydroxyl radical 2.06
still scarce.A tPomrico Ocxyegesn s costs1. 78may be
Hydrogen Peroxide 1.31
considered Ptehroexyr amdicaal in obsta1c.25le to their
Permanganate 1.24
commercial Cahlopripnel dicioxaidteion. 1.15
Chlorine 1.00
Bromine 0.80
Iodine 0.54
“near ambient temperature and pressure water treatment processes
which involve the generation of hydroxyl radicals in sufficient quantity to
effective water purification”
1st Summer School on Environmental applications of Advanced Oxidation Processes
University of Salerno, Fisciano (Italy), June 15-19, 2015.
Introduction. Solar AOPs
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Year of publication
source: www.scopus.com 2015
1st Summer School on Environmental applications of Advanced Oxidation Processes
University of Salerno, Fisciano (Italy), June 15-19, 2015.
Introduction. Solar AOPs
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Fe3+ activity, l540‐580 nm
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Wavelength, µm
Wavelength, µm
1st Summer School on Environmental applications of Advanced Oxidation Processes
University of Salerno, Fisciano (Italy), June 15-19, 2015.
Introduction. Solar AOPs
Fenton (J. Chem. Soc., 1894)
TiO /UVA (Carey et al., 1976)
2
2 3  
Fe  H O  Fe  OH  OH
TiO h TiO ( e  h )
2 2
2 2
h  H OOH  H 
2 Photo-Fenton (several authors, early 90s)
e  O  O
2 2
3 h 2  
Fe  H O  Fe  H  OH
2
Fe(III)-Fe(II)/UVA
Aquacomplexes Fe(III) + hѵ  ●OH H O /UVA
2 2
H O + h ѵ  2 ●OH for l<280 nm
(Mazellier et al., 1997a,b; Brand et al., 1998, 2000;
2 2
(Goldstein et al., 2007)
Mailhot et al., 1999)
Aquacomplexes Fe(II) + h ѵ  ●OH (Benkelberg and Warneck,
1995)
1st Summer School on Environmental applications of Advanced Oxidation Processes
University of Salerno, Fisciano (Italy), June 15-19, 2015.