Transient Characteristics, Modelling and Stability Analysis of Microgird

302 Pages·2020·21.882 MB·English

by  Zhikang Shuai

Zhikang Shuai
Transient
Characteristics,
Modelling and
Stability Analysis
of Microgird
Transient Characteristics, Modelling and Stability
Analysis of Microgird
Zhikang Shuai
Transient Characteristics,
Modelling and Stability
Analysis of Microgird
ZhikangShuai
CollegeofElectricalandInformationEngineering
HunanUniversity
Changsha,Hunan,China
ISBN978-981-15-8402-2 ISBN978-981-15-8403-9 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-8403-9
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Foreword
Microgridprovidespossiblesolutionstogetdistributedgeneratorsandloadstogether
andbecomescontrollableunitsofthetraditionalpowersystem.Severalconcernsare
raised to promote the application of microgrid. In some specific scenarios, like in
remote island, microgrid plays an important role in providing reliable power. How-
ever,extremeoperatingconditionsandunpredictableweatherconditionsareexpected
inremoteisland,suchashighhumidity,lackofsustainableprimaryresources,riskofa
weaponattack,etc.Thesespecificenvironmentalconditionswouldputforwardhigh
reliabilityandstronganti-disturbanceabilityofmicrogrid.Inotheroperatingscenar-
ios, there would be several extreme operating conditions as well, such as grounded
faults,off-gridswitchingand soon. Theseextremeconditionsneedtobedealtwith
carefullysincestabilityandsafetyofthemicrogridarechallengedintheseconditions.
This book investigates the transient characteristics and transient stability of the
microgrid. The whole book can be divided into three parts. The first part is about
transient characteristics analysis among converters with different control schemes
and corresponding fault ride through control strategy is proposed. It is pointed out
thatvoltage-controlledconvertersarefacinglargeinrushcurrent,whichcanhelpthe
design of control system and protective devices in the microgrid. The second part
andthethirdpartbothtalkaboutthetransientstabilityproblemofthemicrogrid.In
the second part, time-domain simulation method for transient stability analysis is
discussed based on a reduced mathematical model. In the third part, transient
stability is investigated through a theoretical method, such as Lyapunov function
and linear matrix inequality. The key technical issues are discussed and possible
solutionsaregiveninthebook.Theseworksarehelpfulandinspiringtounderstand
theproblemsfacedbythetransientoperationofthemicrogrid.
The main results of this book are original from the authors who perform the
relatedresearchactivitieslong-termandsustainably.Ihavenodoubtthatthisbook
v
vi Foreword
canprovidewideuseforresearchers,engineersandgraduatestudentswhocarryon
therelatedtopics.
CollegeofElectricalandInformation AnLuo
Engineering,HunanUniversity,
Changsha,Hunan,China
Preface
With more and more distributed resources are connected to the power system, the
microgridconcepthasbeenproposedtoregulatedistributedresourcesanddifferent
loadsasacontrollableunit.Thismakes microgrid tobecomeatypical localpower
electronicsystemwithahighproportionofpowerelectronicdevices.Inthepastfew
years, microgrid technology has developed rapidly in both industrial application
(suchashighreliablepowersupply,widerangeoffrequencyoscillationelimination,
specialpowersupply,circulationsuppression,etc.)andtheoreticalresearches(such
as mathematical modelling, topology transformation, control optimization and
small-signal stability analysis, etc.). These researches deal with several problems
encounteredbythepromotionofmicrogridtechnology.
Since power electronic devices have limited thermal capacity and weak anti-
disturbance ability, microgrid is subjected to serious transient stability and poor
reliability problem. In recent years, it is reported that power electronic devices are
exposed to burn out and the microgrid is prone to transient instability during the
transient period inthe existing microgrid test bed. To promotetheindustrial appli-
cationofmicrogrid,itisimportanttocarryouttheoreticalinsightsintothetransient
operation of microgrid, especially under extreme conditions. This is the core topic
discussedinthebook.Therearetwomainconcernsraisedbythereliableoperation
of the microgrid during the transient period: (1) the safety of power electronic
devices;(2)thestabilityofthemicrogridunderdisturbances.
Thisbookintendstobringstate-of-the-artresearchesonthetransientoperationof
microgrid in recent years. The book has collected new research ideas and achieve-
mentssuchasfaultcharacteristicscomparisonamongcurrent-controlledIIDGsand
voltage-controlledIIDGs,faultridethroughcontrolstrategies,mathematicalmodel-
lingandmodelreductionmethodinspatialscaleandmulti-timescaleandtransient
anglestabilityanalysisofvirtualsynchronousgenerators.
Themotivationofthisbookistogivetheauthors’perspectivesonthistopicand
provide basic discussions on several problems encountered by microgrid during
transientperiod.Theauthorshopethatthisbookwouldhelptoattractmoreattention
onthistopicandcaninspireresearchesinthenearfuture.
vii
viii Preface
Themainresearchresultsofthisbookareoriginalfromauthorswhocarriedout
therelatedresearchtogetherforalmost5years,whichisacomprehensivesummary
for the authors’ latest research results. This book is likely to be of interest to
universityresearchers,R&Dengineersandgraduatestudentsinelectricalengineer-
ing who wish to learn the core principles, methods and applications of microgrid
duringthetransientperiod.
Changsha,China ZhikangShuai
2020
Acknowledgements
This book is supported by the Nature Science Foundation of China (NSFC) under
Grant51622702and51977066.
The author would like to thank Prof. Z. John Shen from Illinois Institute of
Technology(IIT)forhisgreatsupportandvaluablecommentsonthisbook.Special
thanksgotothepostgraduatestudentsMs.XiaShen,Ms.LiliHe,Ms.HuijieCheng,
Mr. Feng Zhao, Mr. Yelun Peng and Mr. Chao Shen for their contributions and
proofreading. Finally, the author would like to thank the long-term support and
encouragementfromthefamily.
ix
Contents
1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.1 TrendsandDevelopmentofPowerElectronicSystem. . . . . . . . 1
1.2 FeaturesofMicrogrid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
1.3 TransientCharacteristicsofMicrogrid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 TransientStabilityProblemofMicrogrid. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
1.5 ChallengesofTransientCharacteristicsandStabilityAnalysis
ofMicrogird. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
1.6 StructureoftheBook. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
2 TransientCharacteristicsofCurrentControlledIIDGs
DuringGridFault. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.1 BasicPrinciplesandControlStructures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
2.1.1 TopologyofThree-PhaseInverter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
2.1.2 PrincipleofConstantCurrentControl. . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2.1.3 PrincipleofPQControl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
2.2 TransientCharacteristicsofConstantCurrentControlled
IIDGs. .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. 19
2.2.1 FaultModels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.2.2 FaultCurrentCalculation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.3 TransientCharacteristicsofPQControlledIIDGs. . . . . . . . . . . 20
2.3.1 TransientCharacteristicsofPQControlledIIDGs
DuringSymmetricalFault. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
2.3.2 TransientCharacteristicsofPQControlledIIDGs
DuringAsymmetricalFault. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
2.3.3 InfluenceofCurrentLimiter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
2.4 Summary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
xi