Table Of Content00 Prelims 1408 01/11/2005 2:32 pm Page i
Transcatheter Valve
Repair
00 Prelims 1408 01/11/2005 2:32 pm Page iii
Transcatheter Valve Repair
Editors
Ziyad M Hijazi MD MPH FACC FSCAI
George M. Eisenberg Professor of Pediatrics and Medicine
Medical Director, University of Chicago Congenital Heart Center
Pritzker School of Medicine
Chicago, IL, USA
Philipp Bonhoeffer MD
Chief of Cardiology and
Director, Cardiac Catheterisation Laboratory
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust
London, UK
Ted Feldman MD FSCAI FACC
Professor of Medicine
Northwestern University Feinberg Medical School
Director, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory
Charles R Walgreen Jr. Chair in Interventional Cardiology
Evanston Hospital
Evanston, IL, USA
Carlos E Ruiz MD PhD
Professor, and Chief
Pediatric Cardiology
University of Illinois at Chicago
Chicago, IL, USA
CRC Press
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© 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
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00 Prelims 1408 01/11/2005 2:32 pm Page v
Contents
Contributors ix
Foreword xv
Preface xvii
Acknowledgments xviii
Section 1 – The pulmonary valve
1. Embryology/pathology of the pulmonary valve in both stenosis and regurgitation 3
Saroja Bharati
2. Pulmonary regurgitation 11
Jonathan Rhodes, Gerald Ross Marx
3. Assessment of the pulmonary valve with magnetic resonance imaging 25
Andrew M Taylor
4. Hemodynamic evaluation of pulmonary valve disease. Part I:pediatric perspectives 45
Satinder Sandhu, Ziyad M Hijazi
5. Hemodynamic evaluation of pulmonary valve disease. Part II: adult perspectives 51
Vimal Mehta, Partho P Sengupta, Bijoy K Khandheria
6. Impact of emerging technologies in cardiology and cardiothoracic surgery: 61
Percutaneous pulmonary valve implantation
Sachin Khambadkone, Louise Coats, Welton M Gersony, John E Deanfield
7. Established techniques for repair/replacement of the pulmonary valve 67
Emile A Bacha
8. Small intestinal submucosa – a new generation of valve replacement 73
Carlos E Ruiz, Ulf H Beier
9. Available transcatheter pulmonary valves: Perventricular technique with 89
the Shelhigh valve
Zahid Amin
00 Prelims 1408 01/11/2005 2:32 pm Page vi
vi CONTENTS
10. Available transcatheter pulmonary valves: Bonhoeffer valve 97
Sachin Khambadkone, Younes Boudjemline, Philipp Bonhoeffer
11. Extending the present indications for percutaneous pulmonary valve replacement 105
to small patients and large ventricular outflow tracts
Younes Boudjemline, Philipp Bonhoeffer
Section 2 – The aortic valve
12. Aortic stenosis: Pathophysiologic, clinical, and echocardiographic 115
manifestations
R Parker Ward, Roberto M Lang
13. Hemodynamic evaluation of aortic valve disease and indications for 127
repair/replacement
Joseph D Kay, John D Carroll
14. Impact of new percutaneous techniques of aortic valve replacement on 139
cardiology/cardiac surgical practice
Saibal Kar, Prediman K Shah
15. Established methods of aortic valve repair and replacement 145
Prem S Shekar, Edward G Soltesz, Lawrence H Cohn
16. Non-surgical aortic valve replacement:History, present, and future 157
perspectives
Younes Boudjemline, Sachin Khambadkone, Philipp Bonhoeffer
17. Clinical experience with the Percutaneous Heart Valve for treatment of 165
degenerative aortic stenosis
Alain Cribier, Helene Eltchaninoff, Christophe Tron, Fabrice Bauer, Deborah Nercolini,
Carla Agatiello, Vasilis Babaliaros
18. The CoreValve in the aortic position 175
Jean-Claude Laborde, Eberhard Grube, Denis Tixier, Raoul Bonan
19. Development of a nanosynthesized metallic percutaneous aortic valve 187
Steven R Bailey
Section 3 – The mitral valve
20. Embryology of the mitral valve and pathology of mitral valve stenosis 195
and regurgitation
Jack Titus, Shannon Mackey-Bojak
21. Mitral valve disease 209
Natesa G Pandian, Francesco Fulvio Faletra, Stefano DeCastro, Ayan R Patel
22. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in the evaluation of 231
mitral regurgitation
Susan M Sallach, Ronald M Peshock
23. Invasive hemodynamics for the assessment of the mitral valve 245
Michael J Lim, Jack L Collier, Morton J Kern
24. Impact of emerging percutaneous techniques of mitral valve repair on cardiology
00 Prelims 1408 01/11/2005 2:32 pm Page vii
CONTENTS vii
and surgical practice 259
Peter C Block
25. Established methods of surgical mitral valve repair and replacement 265
A Marc Gillinov, Delos M Cosgrove
26. Percutaneous leaflet repair for mitral regurgitation using the Evalve 275
edge-to-edge clip technique
Ted Feldman, Ottavio Alfieri, Fred St. Goar
27. Available transcatheter mitral valve repair techniques:CSmethod 285
Junya Ako, Ali HM Hassan, Yasuhiro Honda, Peter J Fitzgerald
28. A hybrid approach to the mini-invasive replacement of the mitral valve 295
Younes Boudjemline, Emmanuelle Pineau, Philipp Bonhoeffer
Section 4 – The tricuspid valve
29. Evaluation of the tricuspid valve using CMR 303
Mark A Fogel
30. Hemodynamic evaluation of tricuspid stenosis and regurgitation: 319
Indications for repair and replacement
Alejandro J Torres, William E Hellenbrand
31. Methods of tricuspid valve repair and replacement 331
Gil Bolotin, Valluvan Jeevanandam
32. Available devices for percutaneous replacement of the tricuspid valve 339
Younes Boudjemline, Philipp Bonhoeffer
Section 5 – Tissue engineering
33. Heart valve tissue engineering: Choosing the right cell source 347
Dörthe Schmidt, Simon P Hoerstrup
Section 6 – Valve testing
34. Valve testing:Durability and beyond 359
Jack D Lemmon
Index 369
00 Prelims 1408 01/11/2005 2:32 pm Page ix
Contributors
Carla Agatiello MD Steven R Bailey MD FSCAI
Interventional Cardiologist Professor of Medicine and Radiology
Hospital Italiano Janey Briscoe Center for Excellence in
Buenos Aires, Argentina Cardiovascular Research
University of Texas Health Sciences Center at
Ottavio Alfieri MD FETCS San Antonio
Professor and Chairman of Cardiac Surgery San Antonio, TX, USA
S.Raffaele University Hospital
Milan, Italy Fabrice Bauer MD
Interventional Cardiologist
Junya Ako MD Director, Echocardiography Laboratory
Stanford University School of Medicine Charles Nicolle Hospital
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine University of Rouen, France
Stanford, CA, USA
Ulf H Beier MD PhD
Zahid Amin MD Resident in Pediatrics
Medical Director, Cardiac Catheterizations and University of Illinois
Interventions Chicago, IL, USA
University of Nebraska/Creighton University
Children’s Hospital of Omaha Saroja Bharati MD
Omaha, NE, USA Director, The Maurice Lev Congenital Heart and
Conduction System Center
Vasilis Babaliaros MD The Heart Institute for Children
Interventional Cardiologist Advocate Hope Children’s Hospital
Charles Nicolle, Hospital Palos Heights, IL and
University of Rouen, France Professor of Pathology
Rush University Medical Center
Emile A Bacha MD Chicago, IL, USA
Surgical Director
The Congenital Heart Center at the University of Peter C Block MD
Chicago Professor of Medicine/Cardiology
The University of Chicago Children’s Hospital Director of Interventional Cardiology Research
Chicago, IL, USA Emory University School of Medicine
Emory University Hospital
Atlanta, GA, USA
00 Prelims 1408 01/11/2005 2:32 pm Page x
x CONTRIBUTORS
Gil Bolotin MD PhD Alain Cribier MD FACC
Visiting Scholar, Section of Cardiothoracic Interventional Cardiologist
Surgery Service de Cardiologie
University of Chicago Hopital Charles Nicolle
Chicago, IL, USA Rouen, France
Raoul Bonan MD John E Deanfield FRCP
Montreal Heart Institute Cardiothoracic Unit
Montreal, Quebec, Canada Institute of Child Health
University College London
Philipp Bonhoeffer MD London, UK
Chief of Cardiology and
Director, Cardiac Catheterisation Laboratory Stefano DeCastro MD
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Associate Chief of Cardiology and
Trust Echocardiography
London, UK Professor of Cardiovascular Disease
Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory
Younes Boudjemline MD Sciences
Department of Pediatric Cardiology Medical School ‘La Sapienza’
Hospital Necker for Sick Children University of Rome
Paris, France Rome, Italy
John D Carroll MD Helene Eltchaninoff MD
Director, Cardiac Catheterization Lab Interventional Cardiologist
University of Colorado Hospital Director, Catheterization Laboratory
Denver, CO, USA Charles Nicolle Hospital
University of Rouen
Louise Coats MRCP Rouen, France
Department of Cardiology
Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Ted Feldman MD FSCAI FACC
Trust Professor of Medicine
London, UK Northwestern University Feinberg Medical
School
Lawrence H Cohn MD Director, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory
Chief, Division of Cardiac Surgery Charles R Walgreen Jr. Chair in Interventional
Brigham and Women’s Hospital Cardiology
Boston, MA, USA Evanston Hospital
Evanston, IL, USA
Jack L Collier MD
Cardiology Fellow Peter J Fitzgerald MD PhD
Saint Louis University Associate Professor of Medicine
St. Louis, MO, USA Division of Cardiovascular Medicine
Stanford University School of Medicine
Delos M Cosgrove III MD Stanford, CA, USA
President and Chief Executive Officer
The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Mark A Fogel MD FACC FAAP
Cleveland, OH, USA Associate Professor of Pediatrics and Radiology
Director of Cardiac MRI and Cardiac MRI
Research
The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Division of Cardiology
Philadelphia, PA, USA
00 Prelims 1408 01/11/2005 2:32 pm Page xi
CONTRIBUTORS xi
Francesco Fulvio Faletra MD Simon P Hoerstrup MD PhD
Director of Cardiac Imaging Director, Cardiovascular Research
Cardiocentro Ticino Head, Division of Regenerative Medicine
Lugano, Switzerland Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery and
Department of Surgery
Welton M Gersony MD University Hospital and University Zurich
Department of Pediatric Cardiology Zurich, Switzerland
Columbia University Medical Center
New York, NY, USA Valluvan Jeevanandam MD
Chief, Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery
A Marc Gillinov MD Professor of Surgery
Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular University of Chicago
Surgery Chicago, IL, USA
The Cleveland Clinic Foundation
Cleveland, OH, USA Joseph D Kay MD
UCHSC: University of Colorado Health Sciences
Eberhard Grube MD FACC Center
Heart Center Siegburg Denver, CO, USA
Siegburg, Germany
Saibal Kar MD FACC FSCAI
Ali HM Hassan MD Director of Interventional Cardiac Research
Director, Bioinformation Services Division of Cardiology, Dept of Medicine
Center for Research in Cardiovascular Assistant Professor UCLA
Interventions Cedars Sinai Medical Center
Stanford University School of Medicine Los Angeles, CA, USA
Stanford, CA, USA
Morton J Kern MD
William E Hellenbrand MD Director, Cardiovascular Research
Professor of Pediatrics, Columbia University Pacific Cardiovascular Associates
College of Physicians and Surgeons Costa Mesa, CA, USA
Director, Pediatric Cardiac Catheterization
Laboratory Sachin Khambadkone MD
The Children’s Hospital of New York Cardiac Catheterisation Laboratory
New York, NY, USA Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS
Trust
Ziyad M Hijazi MD MPH FACC FSCAI London, UK
George M. Eisenberg Professor of Pediatrics and
Medicine Bijoy K Khandheria MD
Medical Director, University of Chicago Professor of Medicine and Consultant
Congenital Heart Center Cardiovascular Division
Pritzker School of Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine
Chicago, IL, USA Rochester, MN, USA
Yasuhiro Honda MD Jean-Claude Laborde MD
Co-Director, Cardiovascular Core Analysis Unite de Cardiologie Interventionnelle
Laboratory Clinique Pasteur
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Toulouse, France
Stanford University School of Medicine
Stanford, CA, USA
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xii CONTRIBUTORS
Roberto M Lang MD Ayan R Patel MD
Professor of Medicine Associate Professor of Medicine and Radiology
Director, Non invasive Laboratory Tufts University School of Medicine
Department of Medicine, Section of Cardiology Associate Director, Cardiovascular Imaging and
University of Chicago Hospitals Hemodynamic Laboratory
Chicago, IL, USA Tufts – New England Medical Center
Boston, MA, USA
Jack D Lemmon PhD
Principal Product Development Engineer Ronald M Peshock MD
Medtronic Heart Valves University of Texas Southwestern Medical
Minneapolis, MN, USA Center
Dallas, TX, USA
Michael J Lim MD
J. Gerard Mudd Cardiac Catheterization Emmanuelle Pineau MD
Laboratory Department of Cardiothoracic Unit
St. Louis University Health Sciences Center Hospital Necker for Sick Children
St. Louis, MO, USA Paris, France
Shannon Mackey-Bojack MD Jonathan Rhodes MD
Jesse E. Edwards Registry of Cardiovascular Department of Cardiology
Disease Boston Children’s Hospital
St. Paul, MN, USA Boston, MA, USA
Gerald Ross Marx MD Carlos E Ruiz MD PhD
Department of Cardiology Professor, and Chief
Boston Children’s Hospital Pediatric Cardiology
Boston, MA, USA University of Illinois at Chicago
Chicago, IL, USA
Vimal Mehta MD DM
Assistant Professor of Cardiology Satinder Sandhu MD
GB Pant Hospital, New Delhi, India Director, Cardiac Catheterization Laboratory
University of Chicago Comer Children’s Hospital
Deborah Nercolini MD Chicago, IL, USA
Interventional Cardiologist
Charles Nicolle Hospital Susan M Sallach MD
University of Rouen, France Department of Internal Medicine
University of Texas Southwestern Medical
Natesa G Pandian MD Center at Dallas
Associate Professor of Medicine and Radiology Dallas, TX, USA
Tufts University School of Medicine
Director, Cardiovascular Imaging and Dörthe Schmidt MD
Hemodynamic Laboratory Head, Cardiovascular Tissue Engineering
Tufts – New England Medical Center Research (Divsion of Regenerative Medicine)
Boston, MA, USA Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery
University Hospital Zurich
Zurich, Switzerland
