Transactions on Computational Collective Intelligence VI

231 Pages·2012·5.094 MB·English

by  Colin Bellinger, B. John Oommen (auth.), Ngoc Thanh Nguyen (eds.)

Lecture Notes in Computer Science 7190
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DavidHutchison
LancasterUniversity,UK
TakeoKanade
CarnegieMellonUniversity,Pittsburgh,PA,USA
JosefKittler
UniversityofSurrey,Guildford,UK
JonM.Kleinberg
CornellUniversity,Ithaca,NY,USA
AlfredKobsa
UniversityofCalifornia,Irvine,CA,USA
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ETHZurich,Switzerland
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WeizmannInstituteofScience,Rehovot,Israel
OscarNierstrasz
UniversityofBern,Switzerland
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IndianInstituteofTechnology,Madras,India
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TUDortmundUniversity,Germany
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MicrosoftResearch,Cambridge,MA,USA
DemetriTerzopoulos
UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles,CA,USA
DougTygar
UniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley,CA,USA
GerhardWeikum
MaxPlanckInstituteforInformatics,Saarbruecken,Germany
Ngoc Thanh Nguyen (Ed.)
Transactions on
Computational
Collective IntelligenceVI
1 3
VolumeEditor
NgocThanhNguyen
WrocławUniversityofTechnology
Wyb.Wyspian´skiego27
50-370,Wrocław,Poland
E-mail:[e-mail]
ISSN0302-9743 e-ISSN1611-3349
ISBN978-3-642-29355-9 e-ISBN978-3-642-29356-6
DOI10.1007/978-3-642-29356-6
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Preface
Welcome to the sixth volume of Transactions on Computational Collective
Intelligence (TCCI). This is the first issue in 2012, the third year of TCCI ac-
tivities. In 2010, the first year, TCCI published 20 papers in two issues, while
in 2011 there were three issues containing 30 papers. From 2012 we are plan-
ning to keep a constant number of issues with about 35–40papers per year.All
papers included in TCCI issues contain original and advanced research results
of the authors. Each of these papers constitutes a complete and comprehensive
description of the contribution.
TCCI is devoted to research in computer-based methods of computational
collectiveintelligence (CCI) andtheir applications in a wide rangeof fields such
as groupdecision making,knowledge integration,consensus computing, Seman-
tic Web, social networks and multiagent systems. TCCI strives to cover new
computational, methodological, theoretical and practical aspects of collective
intelligence understoodas the formofintelligence that emergesfromthe collab-
oration and competition of many individuals (artificial and/or natural).
This volume of TCCI includes ten interesting and original papers. The first
of them, entitled “On the Pattern Recognition and Classification of Stochasti-
cally Episodic Events” by Colin Bellinger and B. John Oommen, presents the
frontiersofnoveltydetectionthroughtheintroductionofanewfieldofproblems
open for analysis. In particular, the authors note that this new realm deviates
from the standard set of one-class classificationproblems based on the presence
of three characteristics,which ultimately amplify the classificationchallenge.In
the second paper with the title “Paraconsistent Reasoning for Semantic Web
Agents” the authors, Linh Anh Nguyen and Andrzej Szal(cid:2)as, address the prob-
lemofprocessinginconsistency ofknowledge,which,for example,canappear in
fusing knowledge from distributed sources. The authors introduce a number of
paraconsistent semantics by providing a special logic named SROIQ, including
three-valued and four-valued semantics. The next paper, “An Agent Model for
Cognitive and Affective Empathic Understanding of Other Agents” by Zulfiqar
A.MemonandJanTreur,focusesonmodelling capabilitiestointerpretanother
person’s mind, taking into account both affective and cognitive states. The au-
thors have built an agent model that describes how the empathic agent deals
with another agent’s cognitive states and the associated feelings. In the fourth
paperentitled“Multiagent-BasedSimulationasaSupplyChainAnalysisWork-
bench” the authors, Jacek Jakiel(cid:2)a, Pawel(cid:2) Litwin and Marcin Olech, present
the application of multiagent-based simulation tools to the analysis of supply
chainbehavior.They show that the agent-orientedapproachmay be considered
as a powerful conceptual framework for organization modeling and workbench
forsimulationsofintra-andinter-organizationalbusinessprocesses.Inthepaper
“On the Effective Distribution and Maintenance of Knowledge Represented by
VI Preface
Complementary Graphs” by Leszek Kotulski and Adam Se¸dziwy, a method for
knowledgedistributionandmaintenance using parallelgraphtransformationsis
presented. In the next paper, entitled “Agent System for Managing Distributed
Mobile Interactive Documents in Knowledge-Based Organizations,” Magdalena
Godlewska presents a model of knowledge-based organization and general as-
sumptionsofthemobileinteractivedocument(MIND)architectureandselected
workflow patterns applicable to knowledge-based organizations. She describes
the elements of the agent system for managing distributed mobile documents
and shows case studies that use the MIND architecture. In the seventh pa-
per with the title “Agent Cooperation Within Adversarial Teams in Dynamic
Environment — Key Issues and Development Trends” Bart(cid:2)lomiej Dzien´kowski
andUrszulaMarkowska-Kaczmarpresenta comprehensivesurveyofmultiagent
systems with adversarial teams competing in dynamic environments. The next
paper, “OnPricing Strategies of Boundedly RationalTelecommunication Oper-
ators” by Bogumil Kaminski and Maciej Latek, contains an analysis of a mul-
tiagent model of a pre-paid telecommunication market and illustrates how the
topology of the call graph among customers influences long-run market prices.
Theninthpaperentitled“ReasoningAboutTime-DependentMultiagents:Foun-
dationsofTheoremProvingandModelChecking,”byNorihiroKamide,presents
some extensions of linear-time temporal logic and computation tree logic. The
author has proved that owing to these approaches it is easier to process time-
dependent knowledge in multiagent systems. In the last paper, “Learning Pre-
dictive Models for Financial Time Series by Using Agent Based Simulations,”
Filippo Neri presents a computational technique to model financial time series
combiningalearningcomponentwithasimulationone.Theauthoralsodescribes
an agent-based model of the financial market to simulate how the market will
evolve in the short term while the learning component based on evolutionary
computation is used to optimize the simulation parameters.
TCCI is a peer-reviewed and authoritative journal dealing with the working
potentialofCCI methodologiesandapplicationsas wellas with emergingissues
of interest to academics and practitioners. The research area of CCI has been
growingsignificantlyinrecentyearsandweareverythankfultoeveryonewithin
the CCI researchcommunity who has supported the Transactions on Computa-
tional Collective Intelligence andits affiliatedeventsincluding the International
Conferences on Computational Collective Intelligence (ICCCI).The firstICCCI
event was held in Wroclaw, Poland, in October 2009. ICCCI 2010 was held in
Kaohsiung, Taiwan, in November 2010 and ICCCI 2011 in Gdynia, Poland, in
September 2011. For ICCCI 2011 almost 300 papers from 25 countries were
submitted, and only 105 papers were selected for inclusion in the proceedings
publishedby Springerin the LNCS/LNAI series.ICCCI 2012willbe held inHo
Chi Minh city, Vietnam, in November 2012. After each ICCCI event we invite
authors of selected papers to extend them and submit them for publication in
TCCI.
Preface VII
We are very pleased that TCCI and the ICCCI conferences are strongly
cemented as high-quality platforms for presenting and exchanging the most im-
portantandsignificantadvancesinCCIresearchanddevelopment.Itisalsoour
pleasuretoannouncethenewTechnicalCommitteeonComputationalCollective
Intelligence within the Systems, Man and Cybernetics Society (SMC) of IEEE.
We would like to thank all the authors, Editorial Board members, and the
reviewersfor their contributions to TCCI. Finally, we would also like to express
ourgratitudeto theLNCSeditorialstaffofSpringerheadedbyAlfredHofmann
for supporting the TCCI journal.
December 2011 Ngoc Thanh Nguyen
Transactions on Computational Collective
Intelligence
This Springer journalfocuses on researchin applications of the computer-based
methods of computationalcollective intelligence (CCI) andtheir applications in
awiderangeoffields suchasthe SemanticWeb,socialnetworksandmultiagent
systems. It aims to provide a forum for the presentation of scientific research
and technological achievements accomplished by the international community.
Thetopicsaddressedbythisjournalincludeallsolutionsofreal-lifeproblems
for which it is necessary to use CCI technologies to achieve effective results.
The emphasis of the papers is on novel and original research and technological
advancements. Special features on specific topics are welcome.
Editor-in-Chief
Ngoc Thanh Nguyen Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland
Co-Editor-in-Chief
Ryszard Kowalczyk Swinburne University of Technology, Australia
Editorial Board
John Breslin NationalUniversity ofIreland,Galway,Ireland
Shi-Kuo Chang University of Pittsburgh, USA
Longbing Cao University of Technology Sydney, Australia
Oscar Cordon European Centre for Soft Computing, Spain
Tzung-Pei Hong National University of Kaohsiung, Taiwan
Gordan Jezic University of Zagreb, Croatia
Piotr Je¸drzejowicz Gdynia Maritime University, Poland
Kang-Huyn Jo University of Ulsan, Korea
Rados(cid:2)law Katarzyniak Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland
Jozef Korbicz University of Zielona Gora, Poland
Hoai An Le Thi Metz University, France
Pierre L´evy University of Ottawa, Canada
Tokuro Matsuo Yamagata University, Japan
Kazumi Nakamatsu University of Hyogo, Japan
ToyoakiNishida Kyoto University, Japan
Manuel Nu´n˜ez Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain
Julian Padget University of Bath, UK
Witold Pedrycz University of Alberta, Canada
X Transactions on Computational Collective Intelligence
Debbie Richards Macquarie University, Australia
Roman Sl(cid:2)owin´ski Poznan University of Technology, Poland
Edward Szczerbicki University of Newcastle, Australia
Kristinn R. Thorisson Reykjavik University, Iceland
Gloria Phillips-Wren Loyola University Maryland, USA
Sl(cid:2)awomir Zadroz˙ny Institute of Research Systems, PAS, Poland
Table of Contents
On the Pattern Recognition and Classification of Stochastically
Episodic Events.................................................. 1
Colin Bellinger and B. John Oommen
ParaconsistentReasoning for Semantic Web Agents .................. 36
Linh Anh Nguyen and Andrzej Sza(cid:2)las
An Agent Model for Cognitive and Affective Empathic Understanding
of Other Agents ................................................. 56
Zulfiqar A. Memon and Jan Treur
Multiagent Based Simulation as a Supply Chain Analysis Workbench... 84
Jacek Jakiel(cid:2)a, Pawel(cid:2) Litwin, and Marcin Olech
On the Effective Distribution and Maintenance of Knowledge
Represented by Complementary Graphs ............................ 105
Leszek Kotulski and Adam Se¸dziwy
Agent System for Managing Distributed Mobile Interactive Documents
in Knowledge-BasedOrganizations ................................. 121
Magdalena Godlewska
Agent Cooperation within Adversarial Teams in Dynamic
Environment – Key Issues and Development Trends .................. 146
Bart(cid:2)lomiej Jo´zef Dzien´kowski and Urszula Markowska-Kaczmar
On Pricing Strategies of Boundedly Rational Telecommunication
Operators....................................................... 170
Bogumil Kaminski and Maciej Latek
Reasoning about Time-Dependent Multi-agents: Foundations of
Theorem Proving and Model Checking.............................. 181
Norihiro Kamide
Learning Predictive Models for Financial Time Series by Using Agent
Based Simulations ............................................... 202
Filippo Neri
Author Index.................................................. 223
On the Pattern Recognition and Classification
(cid:2)
of Stochastically Episodic Events
Colin Bellinger1 and B. John Oommen2
1 The School of Information Technology and Engineering,
University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
[e-mail]
2 Chancellor’s Professor, Fellow: IEEEand Fellow: IAPR
School of Computer Science,
Carleton University,Ottawa, Canada
[e-mail]
Abstract. Researchers in the field of Pattern Recognition (PR) have
traditionally presumed the availability of a representative set of data
drawn from the classes of interest, say ω1 and ω2 in a 2-class problem.
These samples are typically utilized in the development of the system’s
discriminantfunction.Itis,however,widelyrecognizedthatthereexists
a particularly challenging class of PR problems for which a represen-
tative set is not available for the second class, which has motivated a
great dealofresearch intotheso-called domain ofOneClass (OC)clas-
sification. In this paper, we extend the frontiers of novelty detection by
the introduction of a new field of problems open for analysis. In par-
ticular, we note that this new realm deviates from the standard set of
OC problems based on the presence of three characteristics, which ul-
timately amplify the classification challenge. They involve the temporal
nature of the appearance of the data, the fact that the data from the
classes are “interwoven”, and that a labelling procedure is not merely
impractical - it is almost, by definition, impossible. As a first attempt
totackletheseproblems,wepresenttwospecialized classificationstrate-
gies denoted by Scenarios S1 and S2 respectively. In Scenarios S1, the
dataissuchthatstandardbinaryandone-classclassifierscanbeapplied.
Alternatively, in Scenarios S2, the labelling challenge prevents the ap-
plication of binary classifiers, and instead dictates the novelapplication
of one-class classifiers. The validity of these scenarios has been demon-
strated for theexemplary domain involving theComprehensive Nuclear
Test-Ban-Treaty(CTBT),forwhichourresearchendeavourhasalsode-
velopedasimulationmodel.Asfarasweknow,ourresearchinthisfield
is of a pioneering sort, and theresults presented hereare novel.
Keywords: Pattern Recognition, Rare Events, Stochastic Events,
Erroneous Data.
(cid:2) Thefirstauthorisalso an Adjunct Professor with theUniversityofAgderin Grim-
stad, Norway. Both the authors are grateful for the partial support provided by
NSERC,theNaturalSciencesandEngineering Research Council ofCanada. Apre-
liminary version of this paper was presented at ACIIDS’11, the 2011 Asian Confer-
ence on Intelligent Information and Database Systems, in Daegu, Korea, in April
2011.
N.T.Nguyen(Ed.):TransactionsonCCIVI,LNCS7190,pp.1–35,2012.
(cid:2)c Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2012