The Routledge Companion for Architecture Design and Practice: Established and Emerging Trends

613 Pages·2015·23.4 MB·English

by  Mitra Kanaani

The Routledge Companion for
Architecture Design and Practice
The Routledge Companion for Architecture Design and Practice provides an overview of established
and emerging trends in architecture practice. Contributions of the latest research from
international experts examine external forces applied to the practice and discipline of
architecture. Each chapter contains up-to-date and relevant information about select aspects
of architecture, and the changes this information will have on the future of the profession.
The Companion contains thirty-five chapters, divided into seven parts: Theoretical
Stances, Technology, Sustainability, Behaviorism, Urbanism, Parametricity, Professional
Practice and Society. Topics include: Evidence-Based Design, Performativity, Designing for
Net Zero Energy, the Substance of Light in Design, Social Equity and Ethics for Sustainable
Architecture, Universal Design, Design Psychology, Architecture, Branding and the Politics
of Identity, the Role of BIM in Green Architecture, Public Health and the Design Process,
Affordable Housing, Disaster Preparation and Mitigation, Diversity, and many more. Each
chapter follows the running theme of examining external forces applied to the practice
and discipline of architecture in order to uncover the evolving theoretical tenets of what
constitutes today’s architectural profession, and the tools that will be required of the future
architect.
This book considers architecture’s interdisciplinary nature, and addresses its current
and evolving perspectives related to social, economic, environmental, technological, and
globalization trends. These challenges are central to the future direction of architecture and as
such this Companion will serve as an invaluable reference for undergraduate and postgraduate
students, existing practitioners, and future architects.
Mitra Kanaani is a Professor of Architectural Design, Research & Tectonics at the
NewSchool of Architecture and Design, in San Diego, California, USA.
Dak Kopec is an Architectural Psychologist and Director of Design for Human Health at
Boston Architectural College, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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The Routledge Companion
for Architecture Design
and Practice

Established and Emerging Trends
Edited by Mitra Kanaani and Dak Kopec
First published 2016
by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
and by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2016 Taylor & Francis
The right of the editors to be identified as the authors of the
editorial material, and of the authors for their individual chapters,
has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the
Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted
or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic,
mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented,
including photocopying and recording, or in any information
storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the
publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks
or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and
explanation without intent to infringe.
Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data
The Routledge companion for architecture design and practice :
established and emerging trends / [edited by] Mitra Kanaani and
David Kopec.
pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Architectural practice. I. Kanaani, Mitra, editor.
II. Kopec, David Alan, editor.
NA1995.R68 2015
720.28–dc23 2015019455
ISBN: 978-1-138-02315-4 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-1-315-77586-9 (ebk)
Acquisition Editor: Wendy Fuller
Editorial Assistant: Grace Harrison
Production Editor: Hannah Champney
Cover image: Ammar Alammar, Patrik Schumacher,
Mitra Kanaani, Ken Yeang, Sean Ahlquist, Thom Faulders,
Achim Menges, and James Carpenter.
Typeset in Bembo
by HWA Text and Data Management, London
Contents
List of Figures ix
List of Tables xiii
List of Contributors xv
Designing Practice: A Foreword to the Routledge Companion for
Architectural Design and Practice xxi
Preface xxv
Introduction: Established and Emerging Trends xxix
Bob Greenstreet
PART I
Architectural Design and Theoretical Tenets 1
1 Design Parameters to Parametric Design 3
Patrik Schumacher
2 Tabloid Transparency: Looking through Types, Legibility, Abstraction
and the Discipline of Architecture 21
Andrew Zago and Todd Gannon
3 Spatial Choreography and Geometry of Movement as the Genesis
of Form: The Material and Immaterial in Architecture 35
Juhani Pallasmaa
4 Cognitive Design Thinking and Research in Design and Practice:
Evidence-based Design 45
David Wang
v
Contents
5 Minimalism and the Phenomenological Fold 61
Michael Young
6 Design Emulating Biological and Organic Forms: Morphogenetic Design 77
Ralph Knowles
PART II
Architectural Design and Tectonics, Materiality and Sciences 91
7 Performativity: The Fourth Dimension in Architectural Design 93
Mitra Kanaani
8 Structure and Architecture: Tectonics of Form 117
Angus Macdonald
9 Designing for Net Zero Energy: From Low-tech to Mid-tech to
Hi-tech and to Eco-tech 133
Ken Yeang
10 Materiality and Computational Design: Emerging Material Systems
and the Role of Design Computation and Digital Fabrication 149
Sean Ahlquist and Achim Menges
11 Transparency: The Substance of Light in the Design Concept 169
James Carpenter and Ben Colebrook
PART III
Architectural Design and Ecological Sustainability 185
12 Situating Meanings of Sustainability Within the Architectural Discourse 187
Meredith Sattler
13 Social Equity and Ethics in Design of Sustainable Built Environments 203
Geraldine Forbes Isais and Laura L. Harjo
14 Integrative Design Practices: Twenty-First Century Building for
Sustainability 211
Marvin J. Malecha
15 Architecture of Change: Adaptive Building Skins 223
Branko Kolarevic and Vera Parlac
vi
Contents
PART IV
Architectural Design and Behaviorism 239
16 The Intersection of Design Psychology Theories with the Elements and
Principles of Design 241
Kathleen Sullivan
17 Inclusive/Universal Design: People at the Center of the Design Process 251
Valerie Fletcher
18 Neuroscience and Architecture 269
Eve Edelstein
19 Architecture, Branding, and the Politics of Identity 289
Mark Foster Gage
PART V
Architectural Design and Urbanism 303
20 Public Health and the Design Process 305
Dak Kopec
21 To Dwell: The Art of Shaping our Homes and Communities 319
Michael Pyatok
22 Design for Disaster Preparation and Mitigation 339
Adenrele Awotona
23 Defensive Design: Design for Security and Mitigating Potential Terrorist
Attacks 361
Eve Hinman
24 New Urbanism and the Economics of Place: What Style is Your Bailout? 379
Peter Katz
PART VI
Architectural Design and Practicing the Profession 401
25 Role of Building Information Modeling in Green Architecture 403
Phillip G. Bernstein and Aniruddha Deodhar
26 Discipline of Architecture versus the Profession: Specialization in
Architecture Education and Practice 421
David E. Miller
vii
Contents
27 Project Delivery Systems: Architecture/Engineering/Construction
Industry Trends and Their Ramifications 429
Linda M. Thomas and Hugh D. Lester
28 The Designed Environment and Deep Ecology: Architects’ Rules of
Professional Conduct and Ethics for Social Sustainability 437
Thomas Fisher
29 Legal Dimension of Practice and Regulatory Agencies’ Role in Control
of Design and Practice of Architecture: Managing Risk and Liabilities
for Architects 451
Robert F. Herrmann
PART VII
Architectural Design and Societal Issues 467
30 On Making and Becoming a (Citizen) Architect 469
Georgia Bizios and Katie Wakeford
31 Internationalism in Architecture Education and Practice 485
Sharon Carter Matthews
32 Diversity: Taking Steps to Create a Diverse Design Profession 501
Ted Landsmark
33 Architecture to Save the World: The Activist Architect’s Social and
Humanitarian Role 519
Mitra Kanaani, Joseph F. Kennedy and Nathaniel Quincy Belcher
34 Gender Issues in Architecture 533
Kathryn H. Anthony
35 Alternative Futures in Architecture 549
Jim Dator
Index 565
viii
Figures
1.1 Transcoding of sun exposure map into a differentiated brise soleil pattern 4
1.2 Studies in the translation of primary and secondary stress lines 5
1.3 Studies in the translation of stress lines 6
1.4 Soho Galaxy, Beijing 201 7
1.5 Soho Galaxy, Beijing 2012 14
1.6 Agent-based parametric semiology 18
2.1 Diagram of the profession and the discipline 23
2.2 Raspberry Fields 31
2.3 Taichung City Cultural Center 32
4.1 Range of research topics of doctoral students at the Huazhong University
of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China, Spring 2014 50
4.2 Research strategies and tactics 53
4.3 Parametric factors determining the form of a building 57
5.1 Bregenz Kunsthaus 71
5.2 NMR Facility 71
6.1 Pueblo Bonito 79
6.2 Shadows of critical sun angles, Old Bonito 80
6.3 Housing project on the Spanish grid 84
6.4 Housing project on curving streets 85
6.5 Climatic adaptations 88
7.1 Stonehenge, Wiltshire, UK 94
7.2 Notre Dame, Paris, France 95
7.3 A vernacular Thai house 95
7.4 Houses of Masouleh, Iran 96
7.5 Houses of Kandovan, Iran 97
7.6 City of Yazd Wind Catchers, Iran 98
7.7 Diagram of qanat system, with running water under the buildings 98
7.8 Design Pyramid Diagram 101
7.9 Domino House, Le Corbusier 105
ix